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Robert Gwathmey"Girl with Guitar" Robert Gwathmey, Music, Southern Social Commentary, Modernism1965
1965
About the Item
Robert Gwathmey
Girl with Guitar, 1965
Signed upper right
Oil on canvas
16 x 20 inches
Provenance:
The artist
ACA Galleries, New York
Mr. Moses Asch, New York
Terry Dintenfass Gallery, New York
Christie's East, November 14, 1991, Lot 440
Private Collection
Catherine Dail Fine Art, New York
Exhibited:
New York, Terry Dintenfass Gallery, Paintings and Silkscreen Prints, January 7 - 30, 1993.
New York, ACA Galleries, A Black Perspective, December 8, 2020 - May 1, 2021.
Richmond, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Storied Strings: The Guitar in American Art, October 8, 2022 - March 19, 2023, fig. 5.7, p. 102-4, illustrated; this exhibition traveled to Nashville, Tennessee, Frist Art Museum, May 26 - August 13, 2023.
Literature:
"Virginia Museum showcases guitar’s role in shaping America," Travel Courier, November 17, 2022, illustrated.
Steve Yarbrough, "The Sound of Wood and Steel," The American Scholar, May 25, 2023, illustrated.
W.A. Demers, "Storied Strings: The Guitar In American Art," Antiques and the Arts, November 8, 2022, illustrated.
Robert Gwathmey was a twentieth century artist who utilized his southern heritage as primary subject matter for his paintings. Although he lived most of his life in New York, he was born near Richmond, Virginia and traveled home frequently. An eighth-generation Virginian, Gwathmey was deeply impressed by his Southern heritage, something that is reflected by the imagery in his work.
Gwathmey's first formal artistic studies occurred in his twenties when he moved to Baltimore and enrolled at the Maryland Institute. "When I went to Baltimore to study art, the first thing I saw was Negro policemen and statues of Yankee generals. It was my first trip north, the farthest North I'd ever been, and I was 22 years old. When I got back home, I was shocked by the poverty. The most shocking thing was the Negroes, the oppressed segment. If I had never gone back home, perhaps, I would never have painted the Negro. I was shocked at the red clay, at the redness of the clay. The green pine trees and red clay were everywhere. The Negro seemed to be everywhere, too, omnipresent. But he was a thing apart, so segregated. When people ask me why I paint the Negro, I ask 'Don't artists have eyes'?"
Gwathmey advanced to studies at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts where he won a Cresson scholarship that enabled him to travel to Europe during the summers of 1929 and 1930. There he saw the work of many artists covering a wide range of history; but apparently, he gravitated to the Gothic style above others.
Following his studies there, he taught at several schools in Pennsylvania before settling permanently in New York. Although New York became Gwathmey's favorite city in which to live and paint, he continued his established tradition of returning home to the South to visit family every year. In 1942, Gwathmey joined the faculty of the Cooper Union in New York, where he taught for 26 years.
In 1944-45, he received a Rosenwald Fellowship to live and work on a tobacco farm in North Carolina. Such an experience entrenched his work with rural southern themes and provided him with first-hand experiences to transfer to the canvas. The farmers particularly fascinated Gwathmey, their lean bodies with deliberate and stiff actions and often portrayed them as Christ-like figures.
Although the 1950s surge of Abstract Expressionism was definitely the reigning aesthetic of the time, Gwathmey took a stand against this movement, protesting against its rejection of representational art. He remained dedicated to the figural tradition, still relying on his subject matter to distinguish much of his art.
While Gwathmey was often labeled a "Social Realist," his imagery focusing on the lives of the African-American minority moves beyond pure social commentary on the plight of their situation within American society. Gwathmey remained true to his subject matter, but his exploration manifests a unique visual language. His work demonstrates a modernist tendency to abstract shapes, forms, and colors, all the while never abandoning the human figure. He incorporated such elements as large bands of color, low horizon lines, fragmentation of the human body, and completely flat picture planes into his paintings.
Gwathmey's distinctive style successfully fuses the formal elements of modern expression with a deeper, older tradition of realism. Despite the strength of Gwathmey's social and political commitments, perhaps his most effective work is less about advocacy for social change than an examination of the nature of community and the relationships between the races and sexes within his region.
Gwathmey's painting does not invoke social commentary per se, asking more for contemplation than pure action about the scene. Gwathmey's figures mimic the stained glass windows of the Gothic cathedrals he had seen almost two decades earlier with bright colors, bold patterning, and outlines in black. Pattern moves throughout his picture plane, typical of Gwathmey's ability to unite the figures into a tightly controlled, yet rhythmical composition.
Gwathmey himself stated, "I believe that in painting the use of limited imagery is the best method of presentation of your content. I believe that if the symbols are strong enough and simple enough and inventive enough, they can transcend literary [sic., literature?] in painting. One technical way of gaining this end is with simplified pattern. I'd also like to say that this is a modern way of painting…"
- Creator:Robert Gwathmey (1903 - 1988, American)
- Creation Year:1965
- Dimensions:Height: 17 in (43.18 cm)Width: 21 in (53.34 cm)
- Medium:
- Movement & Style:
- Period:
- Condition:
- Gallery Location:New York, NY
- Reference Number:1stDibs: LU1841213501302
Robert Gwathmey
Robert Gwathmey became an artist known for his Social Realist depictions of life in the rural South. He was one of the first white artists to create dignified images of African-American people and did so in a style that was Modernist with many geometric forms and bold coloration. Although he lived intermittently in Pennsylvania and in the South, he spent most of his 45-year career in New York City, where his studio was at 1 West 68th Street. Frequently, he returned to the South, where he became concerned about the problems dividing blacks and whites.
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