Neoclassical Decorative Art
Neoclassical design emerged in Europe in the 1750s, as the Age of Enlightenment reached full flower. Neoclassical furniture took its cues from the styles of ancient Rome and Athens: symmetrical, ordered, dignified forms with such details as tapered and fluted chair and table legs, backrest finials and scrolled arms.
Over a period of some 20 years, first in France and later in Britain, neoclassical design — also known as Louis XVI, or Louis Seize — would supersede the lithe and curvaceous Rococo or Louis XV style.
The first half of the 18th century had seen a rebirth of interest in classical antiquity. The "Grand Tour" of Europe, codified as a part of the proper education of a patrician gentleman, included an extended visit to Rome. Some ventured further, to sketch the ruins of ancient Greece. These drawings and others — particularly those derived from the surprising and rich archaeological discoveries in the 1730s and ’40s at the sites of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum — caused great excitement among intellectuals and aesthetes alike.
Neoclassical furniture is meant to reflect both grace and power. The overall appearance of neoclassical chairs, tables and cabinetry is strong and rectilinear. These pieces are, in effect, classical architecture in miniature: chair and table legs are shaped like columns; cabinets are constructed with elements that mirror friezes and pediments.
Yet neoclassicism is enlivened by gilt and silver leaf, marquetry, and carved and applied ornamental motifs based on Greek and Roman sculpture: acanthus leaves, garlands, laurel wreaths, sheaves of arrow, medallions and chair splats are carved in the shapes of lyres and urns. Ormolu — or elaborate bronze gilding — was essential to French design in the 18th and 19th centuries as a cornerstone of the neoclassical and Empire styles.
As you can see from the furniture on these pages, there is a bit of whimsy in such stately pieces — a touch of lightness that will always keep neoclassicism fresh.
Find antique neoclassical furniture today on 1stDibs.
1790s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
20th Century Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paint
Mid-19th Century English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Pine
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
1980s American Vintage Neoclassical Decorative Art
Porcelain
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
19th Century Belgian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Belgian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1990s American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Wood, Paper
16th Century English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Giltwood
19th Century Belgian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Giltwood
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Giltwood
Late 20th Century Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Fruitwood
Late 19th Century Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1880s French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas, Linen, Wood, Giltwood, Paint
1980s American Vintage Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Wood, Paint, Paper
Late 19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas
20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Brass
Early 20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
Late 18th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Giltwood
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Marble, Ormolu
Mid-19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
Late 19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paint
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
18th Century Dutch Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ceramic
20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Hardwood, Paper
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas, Wood
Early 20th Century European Neoclassical Decorative Art
Hardwood
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
1970s English Vintage Neoclassical Decorative Art
Porcelain
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Maiolica, Majolica
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Giltwood, Canvas
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Plaster
1930s American Vintage Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Masonite, Paint
19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Plexiglass, Giltwood
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
Mid-18th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1960s Vintage Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Wood, Paper
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Giltwood
Mid-20th Century Canadian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Spelter
Early 19th Century German Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
20th Century Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paint, Paper
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ormolu
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Walnut, Burl, Acrylic, Maple, Mahogany, Wood, Lucite
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ebony, Giltwood
Late 19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper