Neoclassical Decorative Art
Neoclassical design emerged in Europe in the 1750s, as the Age of Enlightenment reached full flower. Neoclassical furniture took its cues from the styles of ancient Rome and Athens: symmetrical, ordered, dignified forms with such details as tapered and fluted chair and table legs, backrest finials and scrolled arms.
Over a period of some 20 years, first in France and later in Britain, neoclassical design — also known as Louis XVI, or Louis Seize — would supersede the lithe and curvaceous Rococo or Louis XV style.
The first half of the 18th century had seen a rebirth of interest in classical antiquity. The "Grand Tour" of Europe, codified as a part of the proper education of a patrician gentleman, included an extended visit to Rome. Some ventured further, to sketch the ruins of ancient Greece. These drawings and others — particularly those derived from the surprising and rich archaeological discoveries in the 1730s and ’40s at the sites of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum — caused great excitement among intellectuals and aesthetes alike.
Neoclassical furniture is meant to reflect both grace and power. The overall appearance of neoclassical chairs, tables and cabinetry is strong and rectilinear. These pieces are, in effect, classical architecture in miniature: chair and table legs are shaped like columns; cabinets are constructed with elements that mirror friezes and pediments.
Yet neoclassicism is enlivened by gilt and silver leaf, marquetry, and carved and applied ornamental motifs based on Greek and Roman sculpture: acanthus leaves, garlands, laurel wreaths, sheaves of arrow, medallions and chair splats are carved in the shapes of lyres and urns. Ormolu — or elaborate bronze gilding — was essential to French design in the 18th and 19th centuries as a cornerstone of the neoclassical and Empire styles.
As you can see from the furniture on these pages, there is a bit of whimsy in such stately pieces — a touch of lightness that will always keep neoclassicism fresh.
Find antique neoclassical furniture today on 1stDibs.
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Mid-19th Century English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Pine
Late 19th Century European Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Plaster
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
1880s Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ceramic
1880s Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ceramic
1890s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Silk, Wood
19th Century English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Porcelain, Giltwood
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1830s English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Terracotta, Wood
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Metal, Brass
19th Century Belgian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Belgian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Belgian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Marble, Porphyry
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ceramic, Majolica
Mid-19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper, Gesso, Linen, Giltwood
Mid-19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Bronze
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Giltwood
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Plaster
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Giltwood
19th Century Belgian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Marble
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas
Mid-19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper, Birdseye Maple
1880s French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas, Linen, Wood, Giltwood, Paint
19th Century European Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Brass
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas
19th Century Belgian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Late 19th Century Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Marble, Ormolu
1860s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Marble
Late 19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paint
19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas, Wood
Early 19th Century English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Silver Plate, Copper
Late 19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
Mid-19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
19th Century Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Mid-19th Century European Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Metal, Bronze
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Giltwood, Canvas
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Plaster
1870s Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ceramic
19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Plexiglass, Giltwood
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Giltwood
1870s Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ceramic
19th Century German Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Porcelain
1870s Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ceramic
1840s American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper, Wood, Glass
Early 19th Century German Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Walnut, Burl, Acrylic, Maple, Mahogany, Wood, Lucite
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Spanish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ormolu