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Hermann Prell
Half-length portrait of a Pharisee - In the shadow of betrayal -

1885

About the Item

Hermann Prell (1854 Leipzig - 1922 Dresden-Loschwitz). Half-length portrait of a Pharisee, 1885. Sketch for the right-hand figure in the painting Judas Iscariot, 1886. Pencil drawing heightened with opaque white and black chalk on beige-grey wove paper (papier vélin), 34 x 27.8 cm (visible size), 52 x 45 cm (mount), signed, dated and inscribed "H. PRELL 1885 zu 'Judas'". Minor browning, collection stamp on the reverse. - In the shadow of betrayal - About the artwork This painting is the sketch for the head of the Pharisee offering the coins to Judas in one of Herrmann Prell's major works, the painting Betrayal of Judas, completed in 1886. The painting belongs to the Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden and is illustrated in Adolf Rosenberg: Prell, Bielefeld and Leipzig 1901, p. 21 (Fig. 19). It is especially highlighted in Thieme-Becker (vol. 27, p. 376). Hermann Prell, Betrayal of Judas, 1886 The monumental head, which fills the picture and is distinguished by its ornamented robe, is almost a lost profile, which in the executed painting is justified by the Pharisee's turning towards Judas. Despite the fact that the sitter withdraws from the viewer by turning away, it was necessary to artistically elaborate the motivation for the purchase of one of Christ's disciples, which is why the drawing focuses on the expression of the face, while the 'accessories' are treated in a more summary manner. In characterising the face, Hermann Prell performs a balancing act: since the Pharisee, despite his destructive actions, is an actor in the history of salvation, the head must show a dignity appropriate to the event, but at the same time the physiognomy must also bear witness to the scheming attitude that led to the betrayal. To solve this dilemma, Prell draws on the traditional depictions of the heads of the apostles, shading the face to indicate the obdurate darkness of the spirit and moving the base of the nose slightly upwards while the mouth falls away, thus giving a physiognomic expression to the motivation of the action. The fatal drama of the betrayal is expressed in the monumentalisation of the head and in the thunderous white highlights that contrast with the darkness of the chalk. As a study, considered by the artist to be a work in itself, this drawing reveals the pictorial problems and brainstorming of monumental painting. About the artist In 1872 Prell, who was one of the most important exponents of monumental painting of his time, began studying painting with Theodor Grosse at the Dresden Academy of Art and continued with Carl Gussow at the Berlin Academy in 1876. Hans von Marées taught him in Rome in 1878. More influential on his work, however, were Arnold Böcklin and Max Klinger, with whom Prell had been friends since his student days and with whom he worked together on several occasions. Prell's first major work, which established his reputation as a monumental painter, were the frescoes in the banqueting hall of the Architektenhaus in Berlin in 1881/82, commissioned by the state and depicting the different periods of architecture. Prell then went to Italy for two years to study fresco painting. Other major commissions followed. These included monumental frescoes in the town halls of Worms (1884), Hildesheim (1882-92), Gdansk (1895) and Dresden, the staircase of the Silesian Museum of Fine Arts in Breslau (1893/94), the throne room of the German Embassy in Rome (1896-99) and the staircase of the Albertinum in Dresden (1900-1904). From 1886 Prell taught at the academy of arts in Berlin and in 1892 he was appointed professor at the academy of arts in Dresden. His students included Osmar Schindler and Hans Unger. During his time in Dresden Prell belonged to the group around Carl Bantzer, who later formed the Goppeln artists' colony. An extensive collection of Hermann Prell's works is kept at the Städtische Galerie Dresden. Otto Schiller and Martin Schauss made busts of Hermann Prell and Walter Witting a medal of honour. In the Roemer Museum in Hildesheim a whole room was once dedicated to Hermann Prell. Many of Prell's important works were lost in 1945. Selection of public collections that own works by Hermann Prell: Albertinum Dresden, Städtische Kunstsammlung Chemnitz, Stadtmuseum Bautzen. Selected bibliography Adolf Rosenberg: Prell. Mit 115 Abbildungen nach Gemälden, Zeichnungen und Skulpturen, Bielefeld 1901. George Galland: Hermann Prell. Fresken, Skulpturen und Tafelbilder des Meisters, Leipzig 1916. Hartwig Fischer: Ein Wilhelminisches Gesamtkunstwerk auf dem Kapitol. Hermann Prell und die Einrichtung des Thronsaals in der Deutschen Botschaft zu Rom 1894–1899. Hamburg 1998. Christel Wünsch: Hermann Prell. In: Die Kunst hat nie ein Mensch allein besessen. Dreihundert Jahre Akademie der Künste und Hochschule der Künste Berlin. Katalog Akademie der Künste und Hochschule der Künste, Berlin 1996, S. 317–319. Heike Biedermann, Katrin Bielmeier: "Aber befreit empor zum Äther kreisen die Musen". Zur Ausgestaltung des Treppenhauses im Albertinum durch Hermann Prell. In: Dresdener Kunstblätter 54,4 (2010), S. 228-232. GERMAN VERSION Hermann Prell (1854 Leipzig - 1922 Dresden-Loschwitz). Brustbild eines Pharisäers, 1885. Studie zur rechten Figur zum Gemälde "Judas Ischarioth" von 1886. Mit Deckweiß gehöhte Zeichnung in Bleistift und schwarzer Kreide auf beigegrauem Velin, 34 x 27,8 cm, 52 x 45 cm (Passepartout), signiert, datiert und bezeichnet "H. PRELL 1885 zu 'Judas'". Minimal gebräunt, Ränder mit Klebestreifen hinterlegt, rückseitig Sammlungsstempel. Exposé als PDF - Im Schatten des Verrats - zum Werk Das Bild ist der Entwurf für den Kopf desjenigen Pharisäers, der Judas auf einem der Hauptwerke Herrmann Prells, dem 1886 vollendeten Gemälde "Verrat des Judas", Judas die Münzen darbietet. Das Gemälde gehört den Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden und ist abgebildet in: Adolf Rosenberg: Prell, Bielefeld und Leipzig 1901, S. 21 (Abb. 19). Im Thieme-Becker wird es eigens hervorgehoben (Bd. 27, S. 376). Hermann Prell, Der Verrat des Judas, 1886 Der bildfüllende durch das ornamentierte Prunkgewand ausgezeichnete, monumental wirkende Kopf ist beinahe ins verlorene Profil gewendet, was auf dem ausgeführten Gemälde durch die Hinwendung des Pharisäers zu Judas begründet ist. Trotzdem sich der Dargestellte dem Betrachter durch seine Abwendung entzieht, galt es, die Motivation des Kaufs einer der Jünger Christi künstlerisch herauszuarbeiten, weshalb die Zeichnung auf die Ausprägung des Gesichtsausdrucks fokussiert ist, während das 'Beiwerk' eine eher summarische Behandlung erfährt. Bei der Charakterisierung des Gesichts meistert Hermann Prell eine Gradwanderung: Indem der Pharisäer trotz seines zerstörerischen Handelns ein Akteur der Heilsgeschichte ist, hat der Kopf eine diesem Geschehen entsprechende Würde aufzuweisen, zugleich muss die Physiognomie aber auch von der intriganten, den Verrat in die Wege leitenden Einstellung zeugen. Zur Lösung dieses Dilemmas bezieht sich Prell auf traditionelle Darstellungen von Apostelköpfen, verschattet das Gesicht, um die verstockte Dunkelheit des Geistes anzuzeigen und rückt den Nasenansatz leicht hoch, während die Mundpartie abfällt, wodurch der Motivation des Handelns ein physiognomischer Ausdruck gegeben wird. Die am Verrat hängende fatale Dramatik kommt in der Monumentalisierung des Kopfes ebenso zum Ausdruck wie in den gewitterartig aufleuchtenden Weißhöhungen, die mit dem Dunkel der Kreide kontrastieren. In Form einer vom Künstler selbst als eigenständiges Werk angesehen Studie werden anhand dieser Zeichnung die Bildprobleme und die Ideenfindung der Monumentalmalerei sichtbar. zum Künstler 1872 nahm Prell, der zu den wichtigsten Vertretern der Monumentalmalerei seiner Zeit zählt, das Studium der Malerei an der Dresdner Kunstakademie bei Theodor Grosse auf und setzte es 1876 bei Carl Gussow an die Berliner Akademie fort. 1878 unterrichtete ihn Hans von Marées in Rom. Prägender für sein Oeuvre wurden allerdings Arnold Böcklin und Max Klinger, mit welchem Prell seit Studienzeiten befreundet war und mehrfach zusammenarbeitete. Prells erste größere Arbeit, die seinen Ruf als Monumentalmaler begründete, sind die in Staatsauftrag 1881/82 geschaffenen Fresken des Festsaales im Berliner Architektenhaus, auf denen die Epochen der Baukunst dargestellt sind. Im Anschluss daran ging Prell zwei Jahre nach Italien, um intensiv die Freskomalerei zu studieren. Es folgen weitere Großaufträge. Darunter Monumentalfresken in den Rathäusern von Worms (1884), Hildesheim (1882-92), Danzig (1895) und Dresden, die Ausmalung des Treppenhauses des Schlesischen Museums der bildenden Künste in Breslau (1893/94), des Thronsaales der Deutschen Botschaft in Rom (1896-99) und des Treppenhauses des Albertinums in Dresden (1900-1904). Seit 1886 lehrte Prell an der Berliner Kunstakademie, 1892 erfolgte die Berufung zum Professor an die Dresdner Kunstakademie, um dort das Meisteratelier für Geschichtsmalerei zu leiten. Unter seinen Schülern waren Osmar Schindler und Hans Unger. In seiner Dresdner Zeit gehörte Prell zur Gruppe um Carl Bantzer, aus der sich später die Künstlerkolonie Goppeln formierte. Ein umfangreiches Konvolut aus dem Nachlass von Hermann Prell wird in der Städtischen Galerie Dresden aufbewahrt. Otto Schiller und Martin Schauss haben Büsten und Walter Witting eine Ehrenmedaille Hermanns Prells angefertigt. Im Roemer-Museum Hildesheim war Hermann Prell ehemals ein ganzer Saal gewidmet. 1945 gingen eine Vielzahl bedeutender Werke Prells verloren. "Ausgehend von Studien setzte Prell auf einen auf den Formen der Hochrenaissance basierenden Idealstil, der aber auf naturalistisch-illusionistische Wirkung zielte. In der Gesamtkomposition seiner Zyklen war Prell bestrebt, die Wand im Sinne des Barock zu ignorieren und durch fiktive Durchbrechungen derselben dem Besucher das Gefühl der Raumerweiterung zu geben." Hans Vollmer im Thieme-Becker Auswahl öffentlicher Sammlungen, die Werke von Hermann Prell besitzen: Albertinum Dresden, Städtische Kunstsammlung Chemnitz, Stadtmuseum Bautzen. Auswahlbibliographie Adolf Rosenberg: Prell. Mit 115 Abbildungen nach Gemälden, Zeichnungen und Skulpturen, Bielefeld 1901. George Galland: Hermann Prell. Fresken, Skulpturen und Tafelbilder des Meisters, Leipzig 1916. Hartwig Fischer: Ein Wilhelminisches Gesamtkunstwerk auf dem Kapitol. Hermann Prell und die Einrichtung des Thronsaals in der Deutschen Botschaft zu Rom 1894–1899. Hamburg 1998. Christel Wünsch: Hermann Prell. In: Die Kunst hat nie ein Mensch allein besessen. Dreihundert Jahre Akademie der Künste und Hochschule der Künste Berlin. Katalog Akademie der Künste und Hochschule der Künste, Berlin 1996, S. 317–319. Heike Biedermann, Katrin Bielmeier: "Aber befreit empor zum Äther kreisen die Musen". Zur Ausgestaltung des Treppenhauses im Albertinum durch Hermann Prell. In: Dresdener Kunstblätter 54,4 (2010), S. 228-232.
  • Creator:
    Hermann Prell (1854 - 1922, German)
  • Creation Year:
    1885
  • Dimensions:
    Height: 13.39 in (34 cm)Width: 11.03 in (28 cm)Depth: 0.79 in (2 cm)
  • Medium:
  • Movement & Style:
  • Period:
  • Condition:
  • Gallery Location:
    Berlin, DE
  • Reference Number:
    1stDibs: LU2438212326472

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