Leon Collins Art

Max Savy Oil on canvas painting depicting a village scene with winemakers in a vineyard by artist Max Savy (French, b. 1918). Signed in the lower right. Frame measures 24.5 inches x 28 inches. canvas is 18 X 22 inches., Perfect for a wine cellar or cave. Max Savy (French, 1918-2010) painted scenes of everyday life in the French Corbieres region, which garnered much success during his life. Though the artist remained silent about his early life, it's known his father instilled in him a belief in the humanist socialism philosophy of French Socialist Party leader, Jean Jaures. In 1938, at age 20, he moved to Carcassonne to attend school. There, he married and settled into a teaching position, joining the French Resistance during World War II and earning the Cross of the Combatant. After the war, he created the work for which he is most admired. Max Savy paintings are part of France's heritage collection, and the artist became a knight of the National Order of Merit in 1973. Max Savy's paintings and artworks include scenes of peasants in the fields. Max Savy was active/lived in France. Max Savy is known for folk art style painting of village architecture, vintners, figures in landscape, wine makers, marine scenes. His work is similar in style to the naive, folk art paintings of Michel Delacroix and Fanch Ledan. This is quite similar to a work I had titled "Les Vignes Aux Gitans" (the gypsy grape vines) So i assume this is also a vineyard painting...

MADELINE CHRISTINE CLAVIER (1913-2015) Signature: Signed lower right & titled verso Medium: Oil on canvas Provenance: The collection of the artist's family Marie Christine Clavier was born in Saigon, Vietnam in 1913 to French parents and lived there for her formative years. She returned to France as a teenager and began to study painting. Her work quickly developed into whimsical paintings of poetry and songs – harmonized in a unique and distinct painting technique. Her work has an impasto feel and a folk art, outsider artist sensibility to it. Similar in style to Maik and other fantasy realists who use animals, flowers and foliage in their artworks. Marie Clavier painted ro herself rather than for profit as she was quite independently wealthy. Her work is in a more whimsical style of Francoise Gilot. She exhibited extensively in the United States in the 1970s especially across Connecticut and New York, showing at various galleries and cultural centres. She had numerous solo exhibitions in the 1970’s- notably at the Maison Francaise in New York and New York University. She showed at Galerie Bernheim Jeune in Paris. She won many awards for her work including Gold Medals and Palme D’Or medals. In 1988 the prestigious art publisher Leopard D’Or produced catalogue book on her life and work – by this point she had virtually given up painting. She died in 2015 aged 102. Bernheim-Jeune gallery is one of the oldest art galleries in Paris. Opened on Rue Laffitte in 1863 by Alexandre Bernheim (1839-1915), friend of Delacroix, Corot and Courbet, it changed location a few times before settling on Avenue Matignon. The gallery promoted realists, Barbizon school paintings and, in 1874, the first impressionist and later post-impressionist painters. It closed in 2019. In 1901, Alexandre Bernheim, with his sons, Josse (1870-1941), and Gaston (1870-1953), organized the first important exhibition of Vincent van Gogh paintings in Paris with the help of art critic Julien Leclercq. In 1906, Bernheim-Jeune frères started presenting works by Pierre Bonnard, Edouard Vuillard, Paul Cezanne, Henri-Edmond Cross, Kees van Dongen, Henri Matisse, Le Douanier Rousseau, Raoul Dufy, Maurice de Vlaminck, Amedeo Modigliani, Maurice Utrillo and Georges Dufrenoy. From 1906 to 1925, art critic Félix Fénéon was the director of the gallery and was instrumental in bringing in the art of Georges Seurat and Umberto Boccioni. In 1922, an exhibition brought together works by Alice Halicka, Auguste Herbin, Pierre Hodé, Moise Kisling, Marie Laurencin, Henri Lebasque, Fernand Leger and Henri Matisse. The gallery now exhibits painters and sculptors in the tradition of the École de Paris and artists such as Jean Carzou, Shelomo Selinger or Pollès. Her style is a recognizable, cheerful, whimsical and a happy creation. Naïve art is any form of visual art that is created by a person who lacks the formal education and training that a professional artist undergoes (in anatomy, art history, technique, perspective, ways of seeing). Unlike folk art, naïve art does not necessarily evince a distinct cultural context or tradition. Naïve art is recognized, and often imitated, for its childlike simplicity and frankness. Paintings of this kind typically have a flat rendering style with a rudimentary expression of perspective. One particularly influential painter of "naïve art" was Henri Rousseau (1844–1910), a French Post-Impressionist who was discovered by Pablo Picasso. Naïve art is often seen as outsider art that is by someone without formal (or little) training or degree. While this was true before the twentieth century, there are now academies for naïve art. Naïve art is now a fully recognized art genre, represented in art galleries worldwide. Museums devoted to naïve art now exist in Kecskemét, Hungary; Riga, Latvia; Jaen, Spain; Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Vicq France and Paris. Another term related to (but not completely synonymous with) naïve art is folk art. There also exist the terms "naïvism" and "primitivism" which are usually applied to professional painters working in the style of naïve art (like Paul Gauguin, Mikhail Larionov, Paul Klee). At all events, naive art can be regarded as having occupied an "official" position in the annals of twentieth-century art since - at the very latest - the publication of the Der Blaue Reiter, an almanac in 1912. Wassily Kandinsky and Franz Marc, who brought out the almanac, presented 6 reproductions of paintings by le Douanier' Rousseau (Henri Rousseau), comparing them with other pictorial examples. However, most experts agree that the year that naive art was "discovered" was 1885, when the painter Paul Signac became aware of the talents of Henri Rousseau and set about organizing exhibitions of his work in a number of prestigious galleries. The Earth Group (Grupa Zemlja) were Croatian artists, architects and intellectuals active in Zagreb from 1929 to 1935. The group included the painters Krsto Hegedušić, Edo Kovačević, Omer Mujadžić, Kamilo Ružička, Ivan Tabaković, and Oton Postružnik, the sculptors Antun Augustinčić, Frano Kršinić, and the architect Drago Ibler. A term applied to Yugoslav (Croatian) naive painters working in or around the village of Hlebine, near the Hungarian border, from about 1930. Some of the best known naive artists are Dragan Gaži, Ivan Generalić, Josip Generalić...

Framed 29 X 23 Image 18 X 24 The sweetness that characterizes the work of Mexican painter Jose Maria de Servin (1917-83) is a melancholy and placid one. While he worked in the most modern of styles, he adapted it to an anecdotal folk-art approach distinctly his own. When he was an infant, de Servin's family moved with him to Guadalajara. A city of history and culture, Guadalajara had a thriving artistic community with strong connections to Europe. His brothers Antonio and Miguel became artists as well, and in later years they worked collaboratively. As a teenager, de Servin studied at one of Mexico's Schools of Open-Air Painting, free art-teaching institutions sponsored by the government. Later de Servin became a pupil of the painter Chucho Reyes, known for his improvisational watercolor variations on traditional Mexican themes. This interest in imagery particular to Mexico would be of great significance to de Servin. De Servin also studied under the more traditional painter Jose Vizcarra. In the early 1930s de Servin joined the Pintores Jovenes de Jalisco, or Young Painters of Jalisco. An influence of critical importance to de Servin was Pablo Picasso. One of the originators of Cubism, the Spanish painter soon departed from its quasi-scientific and optical basis to create lively and humorous geometrical abstractions. It was this Cubism, personal and decorative, that de Servin adopted. His earliest Cubist works mimic Picasso, while during the second stage of his career, his works become smooth and polished, with an emphasis on gentle surface textures. After these cautious years, however, a rough boldness enters along with dominating colors of earth and sand. Modernists like de Servin were interested in exploring what they considered primitive artmaking styles. The adoption of a native manner and native themes is in keeping with Modernist tenets, as is the use of nontraditional materials. De Servin's portraits of peasants, large-eyed and simply rendered, recall children's drawings. The rough burlap ground contrasts with the playful imagery and delicate range of color. The figures, all children or child-like adults, are all curves and simple shapes arranged harmoniously. De Servin's cubism is free from grotesquerie as it celebrates the simplicity of its subjects. De Servin worked with the social-realist Jose Orozco on several large mural commissions in Guadalajara, including one at the Legislative Palace. While their styles were dissimilar, both made use of Mexican imagery to glorify the common people. A sought-after muralist in his own right, de Servin brought the rich colors and endearing characters of his panels to his larger-scale work. For 15 years, de Servin taught summer art classes at the University of Arizona. His career was marked by many one-man shows, both in North America and Europe. In recent years, his striking style has attracted increased notice from critics and the public. His style is a unique conglomerate of tradition, history, legends, heroes, old customs and folklore. It is a self-standing style, recognizable, cheerful, whimsical and a happy creation. Naïve art is any form of visual art that is created by a person who lacks the formal education and training that a professional artist undergoes (in anatomy, art history, technique, perspective, ways of seeing). Unlike folk art, naïve art does not necessarily evince a distinct cultural context or tradition. Naïve art is recognized, and often imitated, for its childlike simplicity and frankness. Paintings of this kind typically have a flat rendering style with a rudimentary expression of perspective. One particularly influential painter of "naïve art" was Henri Rousseau (1844–1910), a French Post-Impressionist who was discovered by Pablo Picasso. Naïve art is often seen as outsider art that is by someone without formal (or little) training or degree. While this was true before the twentieth century, there are now academies for naïve art. Naïve art is now a fully recognized art genre, represented in art galleries worldwide. Museums devoted to naïve art now exist in Kecskemét, Hungary; Riga, Latvia; Jaen, Spain; Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Vicq France and Paris. "Primitive art" is another term often applied to art by those without formal training, but is historically more often applied to work from certain cultures that have been judged socially or technologically "primitive" by Western academia, such as Native American, sub saharan African or Pacific Island art (see Tribal art). This is distinguished from the self-conscious, "primitive" inspired movement primitivism. Another term related to (but not completely synonymous with) naïve art is folk art. There also exist the terms "naïvism" and "primitivism" which are usually applied to professional painters working in the style of naïve art (like Paul Gauguin, Mikhail Larionov, Paul Klee). At all events, naive art can be regarded as having occupied an "official" position in the annals of twentieth-century art since - at the very latest - the publication of the Der Blaue Reiter, an almanac in 1912. Wassily Kandinsky and Franz Marc, who brought out the almanac, presented 6 reproductions of paintings by le Douanier' Rousseau (Henri Rousseau), comparing them with other pictorial examples. However, most experts agree that the year that naive art was "discovered" was 1885, when the painter Paul Signac became aware of the talents of Henri Rousseau and set about organizing exhibitions of his work in a number of prestigious galleries. The Earth Group (Grupa Zemlja) were Croatian artists, architects and intellectuals active in Zagreb from 1929 to 1935. The group included the painters Krsto Hegedušić, Edo Kovačević, Omer Mujadžić, Kamilo Ružička, Ivan Tabaković, and Oton Postružnik, the sculptors Antun Augustinčić, Frano Kršinić, and the architect Drago Ibler. A term applied to Yugoslav (Croatian) naive painters working in or around the village of Hlebine, near the Hungarian border, from about 1930. Some of the best known naive artists are Dragan Gaži, Ivan Generalić, Josip Generalić, Krsto Hegedušić, Mijo Kovačić, Ivan Lacković-Croata, Franjo Mraz, Ivan Večenaj and Mirko Virius. Camille Bombois (1883–1970) Ferdinand Cheval, known as 'le facteur Cheval' (1836–1924) Henry Darger (1892–1973) L. S. Lowry (1887–1976) Grandma Moses, Anna Mary Robertson (1860–1961) Nikifor (1895–1968) Poland, Horace Pippin (1888–1946) Jon Serl (1894-1993) United States Alfred Wallis (1855–1942) Scottie Wilson (1890–1972) Gesner Abelard...

A perfect painting for lovers of Japan and those of primitive/naive outside art. It is a work by an internatoanlly noted extraordinary artist with an extraordinary life. Maurice LOIRAND (1922-2008) is born into a working class family in Brittany, near the Atlantic coast coast in France. He starts working as a skilled labourer in the shipyards aged 15. Aged 20, when the Nazis start to occupy the country, he joins the Resistance movement, where he meets and befriends thinkers, painters and poets. He is thus introduced to an artistic and intellectual universe far removed from the world of his origins. Loirand finds himself drawn to art, and soon dedicates all his free time to learn how to paint. Completely self taught, he soon begins to exhibit his pictures alongside high level artists. He moves to Paris in the 1950s, and - although still working as a technician - paints all night. He finally becomes a full time artist in 1968. International travel and a multitude of exhibitions follow. He exhibits in Brazil, Argentina, and with Jean Tiroche Gallery in New York, among others. His work is now shown alongside works by Leger, Matisse and Picasso. The Collector's Guild New York Ltd commissions Maurice Loirand for several works of lithographic art. Loirand discovers Japan in the early 1970s, and decides to stay for 18 years. He marries Kazué SHIMOTORI, a Japanese poet...

Philip Castle was an Irish Painter and husband to artist Barry Castle He is rarely exhibited. His detailed, meticulous work took a long time to complete...

Manhattan-born Mildred Barrett is a woman to whom painting is capturing the mood of the subject with an exceptional use of color. Barrett's training includes the Art Students League...

Natan Heber was trained by his father in Poland to be a ritual slaughterer. In 1925, he joined the Zionist movement "Mizrachi" and in 1936 immigrated to Palestine where he opened a poultry shop in Haifa. He began to paint at the age of sixty-one, after ill health forced him to retire. Driven by a need to memorialize his family and their shtetl community lost in the Holocaust, he drew scenes of traditional Jewish life. Unfamiliar with the conventions of scale and perspective, he set his heavily outlined frontal figures on steeply rising surfaces and often portrayed his father in monumental size to mark his importance. One of Israel's greatest naive-style painters. Along with Shalom of Safed, Kopel Gurwin and Gabriel Cohen, He is renowned as one of Israel's greatest living naive-style folk art painters, The Haifa Museum of Art will be opening the first ever Outsider Art exhibition (also known as Art Brut) in Israel in January 2013. He was included in the show of Outsider art at Haifa Museum The exhibition included works by Classical Outsider artists, none of them have ever been shown in Israel - Henry Darger, Martin Ramirez, Adolf Wölfli, Aloïse, Hauser, Carlo Zinnelli, Bill Traylor, Minnie Evans, William Hawkins and Sam...

MADELINE CHRISTINE CLAVIER (1913-2015) Signature: Signed lower right & titled verso Medium: Oil on canvas Provenance: The collection of the artist's family Marie Christine Clavier was born in Saigon, Vietnam in 1913 to French parents and lived there for her formative years. She returned to France as a teenager and began to study painting. Her work quickly developed into whimsical paintings of poetry and songs – harmonized in a unique and distinct painting technique. Her work has an impasto feel and a folk art, outsider artist sensibility to it. Similar in style to Maik and other fantasy realists who use animals, flowers and foliage in their artworks. Marie Clavier painted ro herself rather than for profit as she was quite independently wealthy. She exhibited extensively in the United States in the 1970s especially across Connecticut and New York, showing at various galleries and cultural centres. She had numerous solo exhibitions in the 1970’s- notably at the Maison Francaise in New York and New York University. She showed at Galerie Bernheim Jeune in Paris. She won many awards for her work including Gold Medals and Palme D’Or medals. In 1988 the prestigious art publisher Leopard D’Or produced catalogue book on her life and work – by this point she had virtually given up painting. She died in 2015 aged 102. Bernheim-Jeune gallery is one of the oldest art galleries in Paris. Opened on Rue Laffitte in 1863 by Alexandre Bernheim (1839-1915), friend of Delacroix, Corot and Courbet, it changed location a few times before settling on Avenue Matignon. The gallery promoted realists, Barbizon school paintings and, in 1874, the first impressionist and later post-impressionist painters. It closed in 2019. In 1901, Alexandre Bernheim, with his sons, Josse (1870-1941), and Gaston (1870-1953), organized the first important exhibition of Vincent van Gogh paintings in Paris with the help of art critic Julien Leclercq. In 1906, Bernheim-Jeune frères started presenting works by Pierre Bonnard, Edouard Vuillard, Paul Cezanne, Henri-Edmond Cross, Kees van Dongen, Henri Matisse, Le Douanier Rousseau, Raoul Dufy, Maurice de Vlaminck, Amedeo Modigliani, Maurice Utrillo and Georges Dufrenoy...

Probably one of the most amazing detailed American 19th century folk art paintings I have ever owned!!! I have attached a picture of my 3 year old next to it, so you can see how beau...

MADELINE CHRISTINE CLAVIER (1913-2015) Signature: Signed lower right & titled verso Medium: Oil on canvas Provenance: The collection of the artist's family Marie Christine Clavier was born in Saigon, Vietnam in 1913 to French parents and lived there for her formative years. She returned to France as a teenager and began to study painting. Her work quickly developed into whimsical paintings of poetry and songs – harmonized in a unique and distinct painting technique. Her work has an impasto feel and a folk art, outsider artist sensibility to it. Similar in style to Maik and other fantasy realists who use animals, flowers and foliage in their artworks. Marie Clavier painted ro herself rather than for profit as she was quite independently wealthy. She exhibited extensively in the United States in the 1970s especially across Connecticut and New York, showing at various galleries and cultural centres. She had numerous solo exhibitions in the 1970’s- notably at the Maison Francaise in New York and New York University. She showed at Galerie Bernheim Jeune in Paris. She won many awards for her work including Gold Medals and Palme D’Or medals. In 1988 the prestigious art publisher Leopard D’Or produced catalogue book on her life and work – by this point she had virtually given up painting. She died in 2015 aged 102. Bernheim-Jeune gallery is one of the oldest art galleries in Paris. Opened on Rue Laffitte in 1863 by Alexandre Bernheim (1839-1915), friend of Delacroix, Corot and Courbet, it changed location a few times before settling on Avenue Matignon. The gallery promoted realists, Barbizon school paintings and, in 1874, the first impressionist and later post-impressionist painters. It closed in 2019. In 1901, Alexandre Bernheim, with his sons, Josse (1870-1941), and Gaston (1870-1953), organized the first important exhibition of Vincent van Gogh paintings in Paris with the help of art critic Julien Leclercq. In 1906, Bernheim-Jeune frères started presenting works by Pierre Bonnard, Edouard Vuillard, Paul Cezanne, Henri-Edmond Cross, Kees van Dongen, Henri Matisse, Le Douanier Rousseau, Raoul Dufy, Maurice de Vlaminck, Amedeo Modigliani, Maurice Utrillo and Georges Dufrenoy. From 1906 to 1925, art critic Félix Fénéon was the director of the gallery and was instrumental in bringing in the art of Georges Seurat and Umberto Boccioni. In 1922, an exhibition brought together works by Alice Halicka...

Genre: Other Subject: People Medium: Oil Surface: Canvas Dimensions: 35" x 16.5 Dimensions w/Frame: 35.5" x 17.25 This depicts a Jazz or Klezmer musician. This one is a bass player. The last photo shows it in a group of three that I have available. This listing is for the one painting. The artist Jovan Obican iconic style is child-like yet masterfully adult; a style that tells a story with sociological overtones. His funny little people are always colorful, full of spirit, living with music and birds to bring them happiness. JOVAN OBICAN Cannes, France, b. 1918, d. 1986 Jovan Obican (1918-1986) artist, painter, sculpture and mosaic ceramic artisan was born in Cannes, France, to his Yugoslavian parents. From childhood on, Jovan practically devoted himself to art, scratching designs into the dirt when paper was unavailable. He trained with many recognized teachers and with many styles. He finished his training, imbued with the spirit of his native country, the people, their legends, and their philosophy. It has been said that his work has a "timeless quality" and a naive, folk art, outsider art brut quality, child-like primitive style. Obican is identified with his style the world over, a style that is simple yet sophisticated; child-like yet masterfully adult; a style that tells a story with psychological, philosophical or sociological overtones. His funny little people are always colorful, full of spirit, living with music and birds to bring them happiness. Best known for his depictions of folklore and traditional costumes rendered in a playful, childlike style and for his happy Jewish wedding scenes. He often used bright colors and black outlines in his renderings of figures and animals, giving his work an illustration-like quality. Thematically, the artist’s work is similar to Marc Chagall and Jean Dubuffet for its dreamlike images and so-called naïve style of painting. Over the course of his career, the artist maintained a studio in Boca Raton, Florida and Dubrovnik, Croatia—part of former Yugoslavia— where he developed an interest in Eastern Europe’s Jewish culture. Many of his mature works depict Jewish traditions and ceremonies, including traditional Jewish weddings, the dancing of the Hora, and traditional music. There is a display of his works in his former Dubrovnik studio. His style is a unique conglomerate of tradition, history, legends, heroes, old customs and folklore. It is a self-standing style, recognizable, cheerful, whimsical and a happy creation. Naïve art is any form of visual art that is created by a person who lacks the formal education and training that a professional artist undergoes (in anatomy, art history, technique, perspective, ways of seeing). Unlike folk art, naïve art does not necessarily evince a distinct cultural context or tradition. Naïve art is recognized, and often imitated, for its childlike simplicity and frankness. Paintings of this kind typically have a flat rendering style with a rudimentary expression of perspective. One particularly influential painter of "naïve art" was Henri Rousseau (1844–1910), a French Post-Impressionist who was discovered by Pablo Picasso. Naïve art is often seen as outsider art that is by someone without formal (or little) training or degree. While this was true before the twentieth century, there are now academies for naïve art. Naïve art is now a fully recognized art genre, represented in art galleries worldwide. Museums devoted to naïve art now exist in Kecskemét, Hungary; Riga, Latvia; Jaen, Spain; Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Vicq France and Paris. "Primitive art" is another term often applied to art by those without formal training, but is historically more often applied to work from certain cultures that have been judged socially or technologically "primitive" by Western academia, such as Native American, sub saharan African or Pacific Island art (see Tribal art). This is distinguished from the self-conscious, "primitive" inspired movement primitivism. Another term related to (but not completely synonymous with) naïve art is folk art. There also exist the terms "naïvism" and "primitivism" which are usually applied to professional painters working in the style of naïve art (like Paul Gauguin, Mikhail Larionov, Paul Klee). At all events, naive art can be regarded as having occupied an "official" position in the annals of twentieth-century art since - at the very latest - the publication of the Der Blaue Reiter, an almanac in 1912. Wassily Kandinsky and Franz Marc, who brought out the almanac, presented 6 reproductions of paintings by le Douanier' Rousseau (Henri Rousseau), comparing them with other pictorial examples. However, most experts agree that the year that naive art was "discovered" was 1885, when the painter Paul Signac became aware of the talents of Henri Rousseau and set about organizing exhibitions of his work in a number of prestigious galleries. The Earth Group (Grupa Zemlja) were Croatian artists, architects and intellectuals active in Zagreb from 1929 to 1935. The group included the painters Krsto Hegedušić, Edo Kovačević, Omer Mujadžić, Kamilo Ružička, Ivan Tabaković, and Oton Postružnik, the sculptors Antun Augustinčić, Frano Kršinić, and the architect Drago Ibler. A term applied to Yugoslav (Croatian) naive painters working in or around the village of Hlebine, near the Hungarian border, from about 1930. Some of the best known naive artists are Dragan Gaži, Ivan Generalić, Josip Generalić, Krsto Hegedušić, Mijo Kovačić, Ivan Lacković-Croata, Franjo Mraz, Ivan Večenaj and Mirko Virius. Camille Bombois (1883–1970) Ferdinand Cheval, known as 'le facteur Cheval' (1836–1924) Henry Darger (1892–1973) L. S. Lowry (1887–1976) Grandma Moses, Anna Mary Robertson (1860–1961) Nikifor (1895–1968) Poland, Horace Pippin (1888–1946) Jon Serl (1894-1993) United States Alfred Wallis (1855–1942) Scottie Wilson (1890–1972) Gesner Abelard (b. 1922) Jan Balet (1913–2009) Michel Delacroix (b. 1933) France Howard Finster (1916–2001) Ivan Rabuzin (1921–2008) Spontaneous Art Museum in Brussels Art en Marge Museum in Brussels MADmusée in Liege International Museum of Naive Art of Brazil...

Framed 29 X 23 Image 18 X 24 The sweetness that characterizes the work of Mexican painter Jose Maria de Servin (1917-83) is a melancholy and placid one. While he worked in the most modern of styles, he adapted it to an anecdotal folk-art approach distinctly his own. When he was an infant, de Servin's family moved with him to Guadalajara. A city of history and culture, Guadalajara had a thriving artistic community with strong connections to Europe. His brothers Antonio and Miguel became artists as well, and in later years they worked collaboratively. As a teenager, de Servin studied at one of Mexico's Schools of Open-Air Painting, free art-teaching institutions sponsored by the government. Later de Servin became a pupil of the painter Chucho Reyes, known for his improvisational watercolor variations on traditional Mexican themes. This interest in imagery particular to Mexico would be of great significance to de Servin. De Servin also studied under the more traditional painter Jose Vizcarra. In the early 1930s de Servin joined the Pintores Jovenes de Jalisco, or Young Painters of Jalisco. An influence of critical importance to de Servin was Pablo Picasso. One of the originators of Cubism, the Spanish painter soon departed from its quasi-scientific and optical basis to create lively and humorous geometrical abstractions. It was this Cubism, personal and decorative, that de Servin adopted. His earliest Cubist works mimic Picasso, while during the second stage of his career, his works become smooth and polished, with an emphasis on gentle surface textures. After these cautious years, however, a rough boldness enters along with dominating colors of earth and sand. Modernists like de Servin were interested in exploring what they considered primitive artmaking styles. The adoption of a native manner and native themes is in keeping with Modernist tenets, as is the use of nontraditional materials. De Servin's portraits of peasants, large-eyed and simply rendered, recall children's drawings. The rough burlap ground contrasts with the playful imagery and delicate range of color. The figures, all children or child-like adults, are all curves and simple shapes arranged harmoniously. De Servin's cubism is free from grotesquerie as it celebrates the simplicity of its subjects. De Servin worked with the social-realist Jose Orozco on several large mural commissions in Guadalajara, including one at the Legislative Palace. While their styles were dissimilar, both made use of Mexican imagery to glorify the common people. A sought-after muralist in his own right, de Servin brought the rich colors and endearing characters of his panels to his larger-scale work. For 15 years, de Servin taught summer art classes at the University of Arizona. His career was marked by many one-man shows, both in North America and Europe. In recent years, his striking style has attracted increased notice from critics and the public. His style is a unique conglomerate of tradition, history, legends, heroes, old customs and folklore. It is a self-standing style, recognizable, cheerful, whimsical and a happy creation. Naïve art is any form of visual art that is created by a person who lacks the formal education and training that a professional artist undergoes (in anatomy, art history, technique, perspective, ways of seeing). Unlike folk art, naïve art does not necessarily evince a distinct cultural context or tradition. Naïve art is recognized, and often imitated, for its childlike simplicity and frankness. Paintings of this kind typically have a flat rendering style with a rudimentary expression of perspective. One particularly influential painter of "naïve art" was Henri Rousseau (1844–1910), a French Post-Impressionist who was discovered by Pablo Picasso. Naïve art is often seen as outsider art that is by someone without formal (or little) training or degree. While this was true before the twentieth century, there are now academies for naïve art. Naïve art is now a fully recognized art genre, represented in art galleries worldwide. Museums devoted to naïve art now exist in Kecskemét, Hungary; Riga, Latvia; Jaen, Spain; Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Vicq France and Paris. "Primitive art" is another term often applied to art by those without formal training, but is historically more often applied to work from certain cultures that have been judged socially or technologically "primitive" by Western academia, such as Native American, sub saharan African or Pacific Island art (see Tribal art). This is distinguished from the self-conscious, "primitive" inspired movement primitivism. Another term related to (but not completely synonymous with) naïve art is folk art. There also exist the terms "naïvism" and "primitivism" which are usually applied to professional painters working in the style of naïve art (like Paul Gauguin, Mikhail Larionov, Paul Klee). At all events, naive art can be regarded as having occupied an "official" position in the annals of twentieth-century art since - at the very latest - the publication of the Der Blaue Reiter, an almanac in 1912. Wassily Kandinsky and Franz Marc, who brought out the almanac, presented 6 reproductions of paintings by le Douanier' Rousseau (Henri Rousseau), comparing them with other pictorial examples. However, most experts agree that the year that naive art was "discovered" was 1885, when the painter Paul Signac became aware of the talents of Henri Rousseau and set about organizing exhibitions of his work in a number of prestigious galleries. The Earth Group (Grupa Zemlja) were Croatian artists, architects and intellectuals active in Zagreb from 1929 to 1935. The group included the painters Krsto Hegedušić, Edo Kovačević, Omer Mujadžić, Kamilo Ružička, Ivan Tabaković, and Oton Postružnik, the sculptors Antun Augustinčić, Frano Kršinić, and the architect Drago Ibler. A term applied to Yugoslav (Croatian) naive painters working in or around the village of Hlebine, near the Hungarian border, from about 1930. Some of the best known naive artists are Dragan Gaži, Ivan Generalić, Josip Generalić, Krsto Hegedušić, Mijo Kovačić, Ivan Lacković-Croata, Franjo Mraz, Ivan Večenaj and Mirko Virius. Camille Bombois (1883–1970) Ferdinand Cheval, known as 'le facteur Cheval' (1836–1924) Henry Darger (1892–1973) L. S. Lowry (1887–1976) Grandma Moses, Anna Mary Robertson (1860–1961) Nikifor (1895–1968) Poland, Horace Pippin (1888–1946) Jon Serl (1894-1993) United States Alfred Wallis (1855–1942) Scottie Wilson (1890–1972) Gesner Abelard...