Directoire Desks
Formed in the wake of the Jacobin Reign of Terror’s bloody guillotine, the Directoire was established to lead France into order through the leadership of a five-member council of directors. It was brief, lasting only from 1795 to 1799, ending with Napoléon Bonaparte’s coup d’état, and was economically tumultuous. Yet it was an essential bridge between the era of Louis XVI and the elaborate Empire style that followed, with Directoire furniture and decorative arts shaped by a royal passion for classical design and an enthusiasm for postrevolutionary France.
Much of the country’s furniture production had halted during the French Revolution when the furniture guilds system was abolished, but during the Directoire period, the cabinetmakers restarted their businesses, such as François-Honoré-Georges and Jacob-Desmalter who established a new workshop called Jacob-Frères. Pieces made in walnut, elm, mahogany and other inexpensive materials incorporated influences ranging from Egypt to Pompeii, with popular forms including the curule armchair based on an ancient Roman design. The aesthetics of the transitional style were more austere than during the monarchy, with court cabinetmaker Jean-Baptiste Sené, for instance, reimagining his workshop’s neoclassical-style furniture with ungilded surfaces and a reduction of ornamentation.
Symbols referencing the revolutionary tenets of liberty, equality and fraternity were frequently carved into Directoire furnishings, such as the Phrygian cap, clasped hands and the fasces, which is an image of a bound bundle of sticks adopted from the Roman Republic, where it was seen as an emblem of strength through unity.
Elements of the French Directoire style continued through Empire style. Designers Charles Percier and Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine are credited today as major proponents of both movements. The classically inspired furniture design is represented in pieces such as the boat-shaped daybed and the klismos chair, which endured in French interiors as well as in styles abroad, including American Directoire.
Find a collection of antique Directoire chairs, tables, daybeds, decorative objects and other furniture on 1stDibs.
19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Brass
18th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Wood
1790s French Antique Directoire Desks
Marble, Brass
18th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Marble
20th Century Directoire Desks
Leather, Oak
2010s French Directoire Desks
Wood, Cherry, Oak, Lacquer
19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Bronze
18th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Brass
19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Brass
Late 18th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Metal, Brass
2010s French Directoire Desks
Lacquer, Wood, Cherry, Oak
1940s French Vintage Directoire Desks
Carrara Marble, Bronze
2010s French Directoire Desks
Wood, Cherry, Oak
1790s French Antique Directoire Desks
Mahogany
2010s French Directoire Desks
Brass
2010s French Directoire Desks
Wood, Cherry, Oak, Lacquer
2010s American Directoire Desks
Mahogany
Late 18th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Iron, Brass
2010s American Directoire Desks
Leather, Mahogany
Late 18th Century German Antique Directoire Desks
Mahogany
Early 20th Century French Directoire Desks
Leather, Mahogany
21st Century and Contemporary American Directoire Desks
Brass
Early 19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Mahogany
21st Century and Contemporary Vietnamese Directoire Desks
Wood
Early 19th Century Swedish Antique Directoire Desks
Birch
Mid-20th Century English Directoire Desks
Bronze
20th Century Italian Directoire Desks
Leather, Cherry
2010s Directoire Desks
Mahogany
1970s American Vintage Directoire Desks
Brass
Early 19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Mahogany
1960s American Vintage Directoire Desks
Brass
Late 19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Mahogany
19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Oak
19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Bronze
19th Century English Antique Directoire Desks
Mahogany
18th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Brass
19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Mahogany
Mid-20th Century American Directoire Desks
Brass
Mid-20th Century American Directoire Desks
Brass
Mid-20th Century French Directoire Desks
Mahogany
Late 19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Brass
Late 19th Century French Antique Directoire Desks
Brass
1960s American Vintage Directoire Desks
Brass
1950s European Vintage Directoire Desks
Brass
1950s American Vintage Directoire Desks
Brass
1890s French Antique Directoire Desks
Mahogany
20th Century American Directoire Desks
Brass, Bronze
Mid-20th Century French Directoire Desks
Leather, Cherry