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Panoramic View of Isfahan in 17th Century Persia by J.C. Haffner, ca.1690
About the Item
Panoramic View of Isfahan in the Late 17th Century by J.C. Haffner
The translation of the German text on the engraving:
"A. The Meidan or Great Market and Promenade Square in front of the Royal Palace in Isfahan. B. The Royal Palace including the Harem. C. A Persian mosque or temple. D. The Armenian women's temple. E. The Dutch residence. F. The English residence. G. The Death-Cry Church. It is a high tower, from top to bottom filled with nothing but bones and other skulls, and there are many thousands."
About the Engraving:
- Engraver and Publisher: The specific names of the engraver and publisher are not provided on the engraving itself. However, this type of detailed and historical urban scene is often attributed to European engravers who specialized in documenting notable cities and places during their travels or from reports.
- Year: The exact year of this engraving is not provided but such engravings were made in the late 17th to early 18th centuries, a period when European interest in the Persian Empire (modern-day Iran) was quite high.
Additional Information:
- Historical Context: This print depicts the city of Isfahan, which was a significant center of culture, commerce, and politics in Persia, especially during the Safavid dynasty. The Meidan mentioned is likely the Naqsh-e Jahan Square, a grand square that was a central feature of Isfahan.
- Architectural Significance: The print showcases a mix of Persian and colonial European architectural elements, reflecting the international presence in Isfahan at the time, including Dutch and English trading posts and residences.
This print serves as a valuable historical record of Isfahan's urban landscape during a period of great prosperity and architectural development.
More about the engraver J.C. Haffner and the historical context of Isfahan during the period the print was made.
J.C. Haffner
Biography:
- Full Name: Johann Christoph Haffner
- Active Period: Late 17th to early 18th century
- Nationality: German
- Profession: Engraver and cartographer
Work and Style:
- J.C. Haffner was renowned for his intricate engravings that depicted urban landscapes, historical sites, and notable buildings. His works often included detailed annotations and were used for both educational and decorative purposes.
- His engravings were characterized by precise line work, detailed architectural renderings, and comprehensive captions that provided context and historical information about the depicted scenes.
- Haffner's works were popular among European audiences who had a keen interest in exotic and faraway places, and they served as valuable records of those locations at the time.
Historical Context of Isfahan
Isfahan in the 17th Century:
- **Capital of Persia:** Isfahan became the capital of the Safavid Empire under Shah Abbas I (reigned 1588–1629). Shah Abbas I initiated a major transformation of the city, making it a political, economic, and cultural hub.
- **Urban Development:** The city was known for its stunning architecture, grand boulevards, lush gardens, and significant buildings. Key developments included the construction of the Naqsh-e Jahan Square (Imam Square), mosques, palaces, and bridges that are considered masterpieces of Persian architecture.
Cultural Significance:
- **Cultural Melting Pot:** Isfahan was a melting pot of cultures due to its role as a major trading center. It attracted merchants, artists, and scholars from various parts of the world, including Europe, India, and China.
- **European Influence:** The Safavid rulers fostered diplomatic and commercial relations with several European powers. This period saw the establishment of various European trading posts and residences in the city, as depicted in Haffner's engraving.
Key Landmarks Depicted in the Engraving:
- **Naqsh-e Jahan Square:** Also known as Imam Square, this grand square was the centerpiece of Shah Abbas I's urban development plan. It is surrounded by important buildings such as the Shah Mosque, the Ali Qapu Palace, and the Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque.
- **Royal Palace and Harem:** The Royal Palace complex included various buildings and gardens, serving as the residence of the Shah and his court.
- **Mosques and Temples:** The engraving mentions Persian mosques and Armenian women's temples, highlighting the religious diversity in the city.
- **European Residences:** The Dutch and English residences reflect the presence and influence of European traders and diplomats in Isfahan.
Legacy:
- Isfahan's architectural and cultural achievements during the Safavid era left a lasting legacy. The city's historical monuments are recognized as UNESCO World Heritage sites and continue to attract scholars and tourists interested in Persian history and culture.
Summary
J.C. Haffner's engraving of Isfahan captures a moment in time when the city was at the height of its splendor under the Safavid dynasty. His detailed and informative style provides valuable insights into the architectural and cultural landscape of Isfahan, making his work an important historical document. The engraving highlights the city's significance as a center of trade, culture, and diplomacy, showcasing its rich and diverse heritage.
Engravings of well-known cities or historical events from the 17th century by J.C. Haffner have been known to sell for $1,000 to $3,000 at reputable auction houses. Engravings in excellent condition with clear provenance can reach upwards of $5,000.
- Dimensions:Height: 11.82 in (30 cm)Width: 12.01 in (30.5 cm)Depth: 0 in (0.02 mm)
- Materials and Techniques:Paper,Engraved
- Period:1690-1699
- Date of Manufacture:ca. 1690
- Condition:Repaired: Old tape repairs or support on the reverse. Fair condition. Visible creases, especially along the fold lines, and the edges show wear. The details in the engraving remain sharp and clear, with a few light brownish spots. Please study the image carefully.
- Seller Location:Langweer, NL
- Reference Number:Seller: BG-13803-61stDibs: LU3054340257252
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