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Théodore RousseauMare en foret de Fountainebleau, Barbizon1845
1845
About the Item
Theodore Rousseau
French, 1812- 1867
Mare en foret de Fountainbleau
Oil on panel
10 1/2 x 16 1/4 inches (26.7 x 41.3 cm.)
Framed: 18 1/2 x 23 1/2 inches (47 x 59.7 cm.)
Signed lower left: Rousseau
Dated to circa 1845
Provenance:
Galerie Bernheim-Jeune, Paris
Private West Coast Collection
This painting will be included in the forthcoming supplement to the catalogue raisonne by Michel Schulman.
Théodore Rousseau was born in Paris, to a bourgeois family. At first, he received a business training, but soon displayed aptitude for painting. Although his father regretted the decision at first, he became reconciled to his son forsaking business, and throughout the artist’s career (for he survived his son) was a sympathizer with him in all his conflicts with the Paris Salon authorities. Rousseau shared the difficulties of the romantic painters of 1830, in securing for their pictures a place in the annual Paris exhibition. The influence of classically trained artists was against them, and not until 1848 was Rousseau presented adequately to the public.
He had exhibited six works in the Salons of 1831, 1833, 1834 and 1835, but in 1836, his great work Paysage du Jura [La descente des vaches] was rejected by the Salon jury. He sent a total of eight further works to the Salon between 1836 and 1841; and yet none of them were accepted. Thereafter, he ceased sending work to the Salon until 1849, when all three of his submissions were accepted. He was not without champions in the press, and with the title of “le grand refusé” he became known through the writings of his friend Théophile Thoré, the critic who afterwards resided in England and wrote using the name Burger.
At the Exposition Universelle of 1853, where all Rousseau’s rejected pictures of the previous twenty years were gathered together, his works were acknowledged to form one of the best of the many splendid groups there exhibited. But, after an unsuccessful sale of his works by auction in 1861, he contemplated leaving Paris for Amsterdam or London, or even New York.
He was elected president of the fine-art jury for the 1867 Exposition; however, his disappointment at being denied the better awards may have affected his health, for in August he became paralyzed. He recovered slightly, but was again attacked several times during the autumn. In November, his condition worsened, and he died in the presence of his lifelong friend, Jean-François Millet, on December 22, 1867. Millet, the peasant painter, for whom Rousseau had the greatest regard, had been much with him during the last years of his life, and at his death Millet assumed charge of the insane wife.
Rousseau’s pictures are always grave in character, with an air of exquisite melancholy. They are well finished when they profess to be completed pictures, but Rousseau spent so much time developing his subjects that his absolutely completed works are comparatively few. He left many canvases with parts of the picture realized in detail and with the remainder somewhat vague; and also a good number of sketches and water-color drawings. There are a number of pictures by him in the Louvre, and the Wallace collection contains one of his most important Barbizon pictures. There is also an example in the Ionides collection at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.
- Creator:Théodore Rousseau (1812-1867, French)
- Creation Year:1845
- Dimensions:Height: 18.5 in (46.99 cm)Width: 23.5 in (59.69 cm)
- Medium:
- Movement & Style:
- Period:
- Condition:
- Gallery Location:New York, NY
- Reference Number:1stDibs: LU2733216105862
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