Austria - Landscape Photography
to
97
227
328
200
69
217
Overall Width
to
Overall Height
to
18
1,021
1
2
920
58
14
575
377
87
680
638
347
290
235
216
201
129
119
114
104
103
101
95
93
93
91
79
66
66
999
603
478
320
320
893
37
20
18
12
31
246
1,041
13,467
5,463
Item Ships From: Austria
Morning Light in the Mountains, Large Format Mono Photograph, Limited Edition
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Color fine art landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 7. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limited editions on Hahnemuehle ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Beach Huts, romantic moment, France, black & white fine art photography, framed
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Gerald Berghammer - Limited Edition 2/9
Silver Gelatin Prints, Selenium Toned, Printed 2019
Signed, numbered, dated by Artis.
Handmade wood frame, dark-brown, natural white archival ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Silver Gelatin, Digital Pigment
Stilt House, Fishing, France, long exposure, black and white, photography, print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to orde...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Photographic Film, Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Archival Pigment, Digit...
Rocks on the Shore, monochrome photograph, limited edition landscape, print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Rocks on the shore of the beautiful sandy beach on the French Atlantic coast. Archival pigment ink print as...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Half Dome, Yosemite National Park, USA, black and white, landscape, photography
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limited editions on Ha...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment, Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Archival Pigment
Manhattan Panorama, Skyline, New York City, black white landscape photography
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Manhattan skyline with breakwater in foreground, New York city, USA. Archival pigment ink print as part of ...
Category
2010s Abstract Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Pigment, Digital Pigment
"God Bless America" - Landscape Photograph, Limited Edition Fine Art Print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limited editions ...
Category
Early 2000s Land Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
"Pavillon de Flore" monochrome photograph, limited edition pigment print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art cityscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limited ed...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Three and a half Stone, Spain, black and white gelatin silver art print, framed
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Gerald Berghammer - Limited Edition 2/9
Silver Gelatin Prints, Selenium Toned, Printed 2019
Signed, numbered, dated by Artis.
Handmade wood frame, dark-brown, natural white archival ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Black and White, Silver Gelatin, Photographic Film, Photographic Paper
Cherry Tree Avenue, minimalist black and white photography landscape fine art
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Cherry tree avenue with lines in the corn field, Austria. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, titled, dated and numbered...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Drangarnir Sea Stacks Faroe Islands Seascape Landscape Limited Edition
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Drangarnir Sea Stacks Study 1, Faroe Islands - no. 21294
Prints are made to order in limited editions on Hahnemuehle Photo Rag Baryta. Each print is stamped on the back and signed an...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Wood Pier lake storm long exposure black and white photograph waterscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Wood Pier Study 1, Austria - no. 11610 - Archival pigment ink print - Limited Edition of 9.
Prints are made to order in limited editions on Hahnemuehle Photo Rag Baryta. Each print...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Venice Gondoliere Canal Cityscape Photograph Limited Edition Art Print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and White Fine Art landscape photography. Beautiful gondola in the romantic canals in the heart of Venice, Italy. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, titled, date...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Golden Gate, CA, USA, black and white gelatin silver art photography, framed
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Golden Gate Study 7, CA, USA - no. 11638
Black and white analog fine art cityscape - landscape photography, Gerald Berghammer. Limited Edition 1/9. Silver Gelatin Print, Selenium Ton...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Silver Gelatin, Digital Pigment
San Giorgio dei Greci, Venice, Italy, black and white photography, landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure landscape - cityscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 8. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Archival Pigment
Four Steps Down, Minimalist Monochrome Photograph, Limited Edition, Seascape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and White Fine Art long exposure seascape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, titled, dated and numbered by artist. Certificate of authen...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Stranded in Paradise, Rocks, Atlantic Coast, Nature, Beach
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 20. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to ord...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
As Catedrais Beach, giant rocks, black and white fine art landscape photography
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 7. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to orde...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Ancient Laurisilva Forest, bent Tree, Madeira, black and white landscape photo
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Crooked tree in fairy forest in foggy mood, Fanal, Portugal. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 5. All Gerald ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Ancient Laurisilva Forest, Madeira, black and white art photography, landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 7. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limited editions on Ha...
Category
2010s Minimalist Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Digital Pigment
Champagne Paradise, Vineyards, France, black and white photography, Framed
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Gerald Berghammer - Limited Edition 04/20. Silver Gelatin Prints, Selenium Toned, Printed 2019. Signed, numbered, dated by Artis. Handmade wood frame, dark-brown, natural white archi...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Silver Gelatin, Digital Pigment
Snow Covered Central Park, New York City, black and white photo, limited edtion
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art cityscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, titled, dated and numbered by artist. Certificate of authenticity includ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Wooden Pegs in the Lake, color photography, limited edition, seascape, landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Color fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 7. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limit...
Category
21st Century and Contemporary Minimalist Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Digital Pigment
Trees on the edge of Field, cloudy, storm, black white art landscape photography
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and White Fine Art Landscape Photography. Row of trees at the edge of the field during a storm with heavy clouds, Austria. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 7. Signed, tit...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Traelanipa Slave Cliff seascape long exposure print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Traelanipa, Slave Cliff Study 1, Faroe Islands - no. 21273
Pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 8. Printed on Hahnemuehle Photo Rag Baryta.
Each print is stamped on the...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Eleven Trees in the snow Field, Winter Wonderland Landscape Limited Print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Eleven Trees in the snow Field, Austria - no. 21065 // Black and White Fine Art Panorama Photography.
Winter Landscape with trees in a row, minimalist art, edition of 9. Signed, tit...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Caribbean Feeling, Palm Trees, Ireland, black and white landscape photography
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to orde...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Black and White, Digital, Archival Pigment...
Bay of Biscay, beach, great rock, shoreline, black and white, landscape photo
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 7. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to orde...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Artificial Lake, Arizona, USA, Photograph by Gerald Berghammer, Limited Edition
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to orde...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment, Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Rag Paper, Digital, Archi...
Cypress Trees Avenue, Tuscany, black and white photography, limited landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Cypress Tree Avenue Panorama Study 2, Tuscany - no. 21066 // Black and white fine art panorama landscape photography print. Path along a wonderful avenue of cypress trees during a st...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Over the Bridge, Ireland, black and white, minimalist, landscape, photography
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to orde...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Canary Islands Dragon Tree, Madeira, black and white photograph, limited edition
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and White Fine Art landscape photography. Dragon trees on the beautiful island of Madeira, Portugal. Archival pigment ink print, e...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Ancient Laurisilva Forest magical trees black and white landscape photography
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 7. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limited editions on Ha...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Sea Stack, Scottish rocky coast, black and white analog photography, wood frame
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art photography Gerald Berghammer. Gelatin Silver Print on Baryta, Printed 2018. Limited Edition 1/9. Signed, numbered, dated by Artis. Handmade wood frame, blac...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment, Silver Gelatin
Reflection, Venice, Italy, black and white fine art landscape photography print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and White Fine Art cityyscape - landscape photography. Reflection, Santa Maria della Salute, Venice, Italy. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, titled, dated and ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Archival Pigment
Irish Coast Panorama, Ireland, black and white photography, landscape, fine art
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and White Fine Art Photography - Impressive coastal panorama of the cliffs of Ireland with small islands. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, titled, dated and nu...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Digital Pigment
Hengifoss, Waterfall, Iceland, black and white photograph, limited edition print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 7. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to orde...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Snow covered Central Park, New York City, black and white photography, cityscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and whitefine art cityscape - landscape photography. Central park in winter with snow and the unique skyline in the background, New York City, USA. Archival pigment ink print, ...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Trees in snowy Field winterland monochrome minimalist landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Trees in snowy Field Study 2, Austria - no. 18142
Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. Prints are made to order in limited editions on Hahnemuehle Photo Rag ...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
As Catedrais Beach, monochrome photograph, waterscape, limited edition, framed
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography Gerald Berghammer. Archival Pigment Ink Print, Edition 1/7, signed, numbered, dated. Aluminum frame, matt black, natural white archival...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Archival Pigment
Seljalandsfoss, Waterfall, Iceland, black and white photography, waterscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 7. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to orde...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Archival Pigment
Ancient Laurel Cloud Forest black and white photography landscape framed
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography Gerald Berghammer.
Archival Pigment Ink Print, Edition 1/7, signed, numbered, dated. Aluminum frame, matt black, natural white archiva...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Cypress Hill, Tree, Tuscany, black and white fine art photography, landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and White Fine Art landscape photography. Famous group of cypress trees in autumn on the hills of Tuscany, Italy. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, titled, date...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Archival Pigment
Rocky Peaks, monochrome photograph, framed, limited edition, signed by artist
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography Gerald Berghammer. Archival Pigment Ink Print, Edition 1/7, signed, numbered, dated. Aluminum frame, matt black, natural white archival...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Flooded Rock, Black Beach, Iceland, black and white photography, landscape, art
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure waterscape - landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 15. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to ord...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Digital Pigment
Gondoliere Venice Italy black and white photography pigment print framed
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Gondoliere Study 1, Venice - no. 18177
Gerald Berghammer - Limited Edition 1/9. Archival Pigment Ink Print, Printed 2020. Signed, numbered, dated by ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Empire State Building Architecture New York black and white photo cityscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Empire State Building Study 6, New York City, USA - no. 11917
Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, titled, dated and numbered by artist. Certificate of authenticity incl...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Notre Dame Night, Paris, black and white gelatin silver photography, framed
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
© Gerald Berghammer - Limited Edition 1/9.
Silver Gelatin Prints, Selenium Toned, Printed 2017
Signed, numbered, dated by Artis.
Handmade wood frame, dark-brown, natural white archiv...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Silver Gelatin, Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Archival Pigment, Digital ...
Antelope Canon, Heart, Abstract, Desert, USA, Landscape, Limited Edition
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography print. Heart shape detail in the impressive Antelope Canyon in Arizona, USA. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, titled, ...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Organs of Ille-sur-Tet, minimalist landscape photograph, limited edition print
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 7. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limited editions on Ha...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Nine Cherry Trees Farmland Cornfield monochrome landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Nine Cherry Trees Study 2, Austria - no. 18138
Pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All prints are made to order in limited editions on Hahnemuehle Photo Rag Baryta. ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Manhattan Skyline, Night New York City, black and white photography, landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art long exposure cityscape - landscape photography. Manhattan Skyline with wave breakers at night, New York City, USA. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 5....
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Antelope Canyon, Rock Formation, USA, monochrome photograph, limited edition
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limited editions on Ha...
Category
Early 2000s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Golden Grass with Trees, California, black and white photograph, limited editon
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art panorama landscape photography. Trees in the wheat field in stormy weather with big clouds, California, USA. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Pigment
Tree in the fog, silent moment, black and white fine art photography, landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints are made to order in limited editions on Ha...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Digital Pigment
More Free Space, Basilica Venice, black and white photograph, limited, landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and White Fine Art Landscape Photography. Beautiful view of traditional Gondola on Canal Grande with Basilica di Santa Maria della Salute in the background, Venice, Italy. Arch...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Archival Ink, Archival Paper, Digital Pigment
Old Angled Trees, Fairy Forest, Pigment Print, Limited Edition, B&W Landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Old angled trees in foggy morning light on the beautiful island of Madeira, Portugal. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Two Palms deserted Beach Florida USA, Black and White landscape photography
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Two Palms Study 2, Florida, USA - no. 11767
Black and white fine art landscape photography. Archival pigment ink print as part of a limited edition of 9. All Gerald Berghammer prints...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Pink Granite Coast rock formations black and white landscape photography
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Black and white fine art panorama landscape photography print. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 7. Signed, titled, dated and numbered by artist. Certificate of authenticity inc...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Palais de Chaillot Eiffel Tower Paris, black and white photography landscape
By Gerald Berghammer
Located in Vienna, Vienna
Eiffel Tower Study 2, Paris, France - no. 11827
Eiffel Tower with the Palais de Chaillot staircase in rainy weather, Paris, France. Archival pigment ink print, edition of 9. Signed, ...
Category
2010s Contemporary Austria - Landscape Photography
Materials
Digital Pigment
Read More
This Photo of the Salton Sea Captures a Serene Moment Amid an Environmental Disaster
Addison Jones shares how she got this gorgeous minimalist shot while immersed in the stink of dead fish.
This Photo of Big Sur Reveals the Awesomeness and Intimacy of Nature
When a beachcomber accidentally stepped in front of Jeffrey Conley’s camera, a perfect moment was captured.
Savor Ansel Adams’s Landscapes and Those of His Ambitious Successors
A new exhibition examines images by the master photographer alongside works by photographers who influenced him and contemporary creators.
These Artists Are Changing the Nature of Landscape Photography
Developing images using contaminated water or printing them on expired photo paper are just a couple of ways today's talents are putting their own spin on tradition.