Florida - Abstract Sculptures

Vintage stylized figural sculpture by J James Akston (1898-1983 Poland/New York/Florida) Crafted of cast bronze with a rich dark brown patina. A sports figure, depicting a snow skii...

PABLO PICASSO (1881-1973) Hibou noir perche (A. R. 398) Terre de faïence dish, painted, 1957, numbered 33/100 and incised 'N 104', with the Edition Picasso and Madoura stamps.

Bronze sculpture with patina on base. Incised "Moore" outer right leg. Executed in 1952-1953, this work is from an edition of 9 plus 1 artist's proof. Size approx 8.25 x 3.5 x 4 in...

Trinity 2025 Edition 2/10 Brushed aluminum, clear coated, each piece spins 360 degrees, the sculpture is 4 parts base and 3 irregular circles each on a pin. Dimensions 58"x19"x base...

A very heavy, massive bronze sculpture by an important Chicago sculptor. Signed and marked "Firenze" with "Fuse Marinelli". METROPOLIS. Seven abstract shapes on black marble base. 1...

Untitled #10 (female bust), 2016 from Los Infortunios De La Virtud series Antique porcelain bust with the intervention of oil, gold, silver, lea...

One-of-a-kind "#20 Uranium (Aqua)" handblown glass bowl by artist William Dexter. Inspired by the sea and its bright blue color, the softly shaped edges of this bowl mimic the moveme...

George Nama Genre: Avant-Garde Subject: Abstract Medium: Solid Metal Painted White and Black This is very heavy and solid. I don't think it is bronze. it might be aluminum or steel. ...

The Landscapes of Thought project is inspired by the impermanent nature of all things. Observing the continuous transformation of the environment, of time, of thought, is one of the ...

Israel Hadany (Israeli, 1941-). A stainless steel maquette for sculpture "Three Tubes", currently installed at the University of Pennsylvania ...

Bronze sculpture by Gianfranco Meggiato. Gianfranco Meggiato was born on August 26, 1963 in Venice, where he studied stone, bronze, wood and ceramics sculpture at the Istituto Stata...

Horst Egon Kalinowski (German, 1924-2013). Mixed media assemblage collage Divan Ophidian. Hand signed in marker upper right and dated 82 Bagnols-en-Foret, Titled upper left. Additionally titled and dated on verso. Dimensions: 30" x 24 1/4" (with frame 27" x 32 3/4") inches. Born in 1924 in Dusseldorf, From 1945 to 1948, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Düsseldorf. In 1949-1950, he stayed in Rome and Venice, Italy. From 1950 to 1952, in Paris, France he studied in the abstract art workshop of Jean Dewasne and Edgard Pillet...

Pablo Picasso A.R. 540 Personnage et Cavaliers 1968 3.9” x 6.3” Edition of 500 Plein Feu/Empreinte originale de Picasso, Partially glazed terracotta plaque. Ramie 540 is a Madoura ceramic that one rarely sees come on the market. The photo you see here is the actual piece that you will receive. Most sellers online post using stock photos that don’t necessarily match exactly to the piece you receive. This particular piece is pristine: there are no nicks, bruises or scratches of any kind. Be careful when buying from others – the pieces sometimes have nicks or scratches. The Certificate of Authenticity comes with this piece. We have sold over 3300 pieces with all positive reviews. We are located in the USA. When you buy from a foreign seller on 1stdibs, you have to consider the problems of getting the piece through Customs. There are often delays and considerable fees to pay in order to import the item. When purchasing from us, we ship the same day and you receive it via FedEx the next day, no problems or hassles. When you purchase from an auction house, you pay a buyer’s premium of anywhere from 23% to 28% over the “hammer price”. So when you “win” an auction for $20,000, the actual price paid is more like $25,000. By contrast, when purchasing from us, the price agreed to is the price paid by the buyer, no hidden fees. When you purchase from an auction house, you pay the packing and shipping fees, which are usually exorbitant. By contrast, when purchasing from us, the price includes packing and shipping. When you purchase from an auction house, the sale is final. If you receive the piece and are not 100% satisfied with it, there is nothing you can do about it. You are stuck with it. By contrast, when purchasing from us, the buyer can determine if they want to keep it. If not, the buyer returns to piece to us for full refund, and we pay the shipping both ways! The prices of Picasso Madoura Ceramics have been on fire lately (no pun intended). The major auction houses – Sotheby’s, Christie’s and Phillips – have now been regularly holding Picasso Madoura Ceramic auctions...

"BUTTON" Abstract Wall Sculpture 22" x 25" x 22" in by Shawn Kolodny Medium: Stainless Steel Shawn Kolodny is a Miami-based artist renowned for his immersive, large-scale installa...

Jacques Lerebourg hand made abstract metal sculpture in welded and polished metal with inclusion of a natural quartz or crystal mineral specimen. part of a distinguished group of Fre...

Petite Vibration Brique et Noir (1966) Painted wood with a painted metal rod and nylon thread Edition Galerie Bischofberger, Zurich Ed. 16 / 35 20 x 18 x 18 in Provenance: Galerie Elke Dröscher, Hamburg Galerie Meißner, Hamburg (1976) Private collection, Baden-Württemberg Lempertz Auction. Contemporary Art...

Folded Flat Linen 03 Unique work 2016 Dimensions: H: 35 cm / W: 36 cm / D: 9 cm Materials: architectural wire mesh, raw linen Born in 1962 in Boulogne-Billancourt, France, Sebastien De Ganay studied political science and film at Columbia University in New York 1986-1990 ( (Bachelor of Political Science, Master of Fine Arts in Cinema) and is co-founder and editor of the art book publishing house onestar press. In addition to numerous exhibition participations, including the Centre Pompidou in Paris and the Landesmuseum Österreich in St. Pölten, Austria, the Institut Français in Vienna showed a comprehensive solo exhibition of the artist in 2014. In 2017, de Ganay realized a highly acclaimed installation for the Kunsthalle Krems. de Ganay lives and works in Austria. de Ganay produces minimalist abstract art works, painting, relief and wall sculpture. Sculptures made of aluminum, linen fabric, plastic, oil painting, wood and other materials. de Ganay joins a tradition of experimental artists. In this sense, for example, the Achromes by the Italian Arte-Povera artist Piero Manzoni, created in the 1960s, point the way for de Ganay's examination of folded linen fabric. "The process of de Ganay's Painting is the process of thought itself; it is a process which turns not away from painting, but towards it. And rather than seeing painting as closure, he presents his work to us as a space of multiple openings, layers, shadows and reflections. Painting is, as much as an object or a process, a state of flux." (Adrian Searle, art critic for The Guardian, London (1994)) In the style of Readymades and Arte Povera, de Ganay starts out from a simple utility material and combines this with an examination of the surface in the tradition of Minimal Art. He designed a limited edition chair "PLEASE" a “4 Piece Chair” customized by John Baldessari, Lawrence Weiner and Rirkrit Tiravanija. SELECT SOLO EXHIBITIONS: 2019 CRISS CROSS - Sébastien de Ganay, Raffaella della Olga, Galerie Steinek, Wien, Österreich "Flip, Flop, Flux", Galerie Ruzicska, Salzburg, Austria 2018 "und, und, und", rauminhalt harald bichler, Vienna, Austria 2017 "Fold on Fold", Häusler Contemporary, Lustenau, Austria "Transposition an Reproduction", Kunsthalle Krems in der Dominikanerkirche, Krems, Austria 2016 "Space on the Move", Hausler Contemporary, Zurich, Switzerland 2015 "Fold", Häusler Contemporary, Munich, Germany "Folded Flat" Galerie Ruzicska, Salzburg, Austria 2014 "Turn the green light on", Institut Français in Palais Clam-Gallas, Vienna, Austria "over again forever" Galerie Steinek, Vienna, Austria 2013 Sébastien de Ganay, "Carton Sculptures", rauminhalt harald bichler, Vienna, Austria St. Moritz Art Masters, Schlosserei, St. Moritz, Switzerland "you are here", Galerie Günter Salzmann, Innsbruck, Austria 2010 Presentation of the "All in one"-project, Galerie Renos Xippas, Paris, France 2009 "Catalogue", Daniel Abate Galeria, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2005 "Máscaras, más cajas, más caras", Daniel Abate Galeria, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2004 "Artist Quarterly", Sotheby’s, Vienna, Austria 2002 Galerie Jacqueline Rabouan-Moussion, Paris, France 2001 "Blanchiment d’argent et haute couture", Galerie Jacqueline Rabouan-Moussion, Paris, France SELECT GROUP EXHIBITIONS: 2019 "THE OTHER IS ONESELF", FRANZ JOSEFS KAI 3, Vienna, Austria "Sculptura", Iris Andraschek, Babi Badalov, Khaled Barakeh, Bernhard Cella, Adriana Czerni, Ramesch Daha, Sébastien de Ganay, Raffaella della Olga, Julius Deutschbauer, Sylvia Eckermann, Anna Jermolaewa, Bouchra Khalili, Thomas Locher, Jonathan Monk, Klaus Mosettig, Rudolf Polansky, Hans Schabus, Slavs & Tatars Gerold Tagwerker, Florian Unterberger, Costa Vece, Martin Walde, Lawrence Weiner, Nil Yalter...

Artist/Designer; Manufacturer: Peter Reginato (American, b. 1945) Marking(s); notes: signed; 2006 Materials: resin/plastic over armature Dimensions (H, W, D): 28"h, 20"w, 14"d (as me...

"Infinite Caramel" Abstract Sculpture 56" x 12" x 12" in by Shawn Kolodny Medium: Steel & Automotive Paint Creating art to reflect the times we live in, Kolodny creates art for our...

Artist: Nancy Graves (American, 1939-1995) Title: "Rope Trap" *Titled, signed, and dated by Graves (inscribed into the metal) on red cylinder lower right Year: 1985 Medium: Original ...

Untitled, 1975 Bronze ED. 1 of 6 20 x 6 x 4 in Literature: Le Minotaure. Cardenas 1925-2001. May 15 - June 15, 2003. Illustrated on page 9 of the catalog.

Alan Johnston (Scottish, born 1945), Untitled, 1988, cast bronze, edition of 2, cast #2 Incised A.J. 2/2 88 on underside Provenance: Jack Tilton Galler...

"EQUILIBRIUM" Abstract Sculpture 108" x 36" x 36" in by Shawn Kolodny Medium: Stainless Steel Creating art to reflect the times we live in, Kolodny creates art for our short attent...

Luis Miguel Valdes (Cuba, 1949) "Ceramic #43", 2018 Ceramic plate in Uriarte's Talavera 15.74 × 15.74 × 5.11 in (40 × 40 × 13 cm) Hand-signed by author ______________________________...

Letters and numbers cut from a sheet of brushed steel. Hand signed and dated Brad Howe (born 1959) is an American sculptor from California. His work has been exhibited domestically and internationally. This is done in a bold and colorful Pop Art style reminiscent of the work of the Memphis Milano Group. Brad Howe was born in 1959 in Riverside, California. As a student of International Relations at Stanford University, Howe attended the University of São Paulo to specialize in Literature and Economic History. It was there that he discovered his passion for art and architecture that would eventually lead to his first exhibitions. He started his career as a sculptor in Brazil, using stainless steel, aluminum and polyurethane. He credits sculptor Alexander Calder as an early influence in his work. Since then, he has exhibited in over eighteen countries worldwide and his works have been placed in collections in more than 32 countries, including Brazil, Mexico, France, Germany, South Korea and United States. His work can also be found at various universities including Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Boston, Temple University in Philadelphia, and UCLA. Monumental and Public Art have become a major focus of his career. Over the past ten years, he has completed over 30 public projects in 7 different countries. One of his sculptures can be seen in the city of Palo Alto, California. Moreover, as part of the Beverly Hills Centennial Arts of Palm Installation, he designed four sculptures outside the Beverly Hills City Hall, on North Santa Monica Boulevard in Beverly Hills, California. The Crocker Art Museum (Sacramento, California), the Honolulu Museum of Art, the Lancaster Museum of Art and History (Lancaster, California), and the Pasadena Museum of California Art (Pasadena, California) are among the museums holding work by Brad Howe. His work was included in the Arts of Palm exhibition in Beverly Hills, palm trees by prominent artists including Brad Howe, Michael McMillen, Mike Stilkey, Peter Shire, Peter Alexander and Ryan Schmidt. His studio is actively completing site-specific commissions and installations for cities, universities, museums, and private corporations. Brad Howe also actively participates in group gallery shows with smaller works that serve as models, or maquettes, for his large-scale pieces. SELECT GROUP EXHIBITS: On The Road: American Abstraction, David Klein Gallery, Detroit, Michigan Properties of Light, George Billis Gallery, Los Angeles, California Blur the Lines, Brad Howe and Takashi Murakami, Asian Art Works, Busan, Korea Brad Howe, Zachary Thornton, Lopez-Herrera, Thomas Punzmann Fine Arts, Frankfurt, Germany Gary Komarin and Brad Howe, Galerie Proarta, Zurich, Switzerland Color Balance, Marco Casentini and Brad Howe, Melissa Morgan Fine Art...

"Veins of the Earth" Abstract Sculpture 88" x 24" x 24" in by Shawn Kolodny Medium: Steel & Automotive Paint Shawn Kolodny is an artist based in Miami, FL. For the past 15 years, h...

Pablo Picasso A.R. 417 Pase de Cape 1959 16.5” round Edition of 100 White earthenware clay. Ramie 417 is a Madoura ceramic that one rarely sees come on the m...

Measures about 4 X 3.75 inches. Box frame is 17 X 13 inches. Signed by artist verso. From the literature that I have seen I believe the edition size was limited to 10, I do not know ...

keywords; #sinuous, focus on material, sculptural folds, Aldo Chaparro, use of common materials, creased crinkled and wrinkled, angular, abstract sculpture, angular, process-oriented...

In the world of streetwear, few collaborations carry the weight and influence of Supreme. This limited-edition Supreme x Kidde Fire Extinguisher stands as a testament to the brand's ...

This is an abstract Flora based hand made, cast sculpture done by Seena Donneson an acclaimed woman artist. A textured abstract bronze with deep, rich patina; The sculpture is signed...

PABLO PICASSO (1881-1973) Picador (A. R. 202 Prototype) Terre-de-faïence plate, 1953, unique prototype by Picasso before the edition of 300. With the Madoura Plein Feu and Emprein...

Elijah David Herschler (1940-2023) Ribbon sculpture Chromed metal Signed to curled end: elijah d herschler 29.5" H x 12" Dia. approximately Modern, abstract minimalist free hanging ...

Elijah David Herschler (1940-2023) Ribbon sculpture, 1985 Chromed metal Signed and dated to one end: elijah david herschler Dimensions: 38" H x 4" Dia. approximately Modern, abstract...

Chester L. Williams Label on bottom, signed. Title: Promethium Medium: Bronze, Aluminum and wood. Approx. dimensions: 12 X 11 X 4 inches. Chester Lee Williams (1944-1919) was born in 1944, in Durham, North Carolina. Chester cultivated a creative mind that eventually led him to pursue an education in fine arts and sculpture at North Carolina Central University (BA) and the University of Michigan (MFA). In 1974, he made his way to Tallahassee and started instructing at FAMU. Students at the university have a deep appreciation for the jazz lover’s insight and skill. A lifelong artist, Chester's work has been featured in galleries and publications across the country. The body of his work produced over 45 years has evolved from smooth and supple sculptures into the more angular and defiant shapes seen in his later works. Chester has said: "All of the works are me. I still embrace every one of them." Chester enjoyed traveling and exploring different cultures. His art was influenced by his travel and knowledge of African culture. He was an educator for 37 years, teaching at Voorhees College, North Carolina Central University and Florida A&M University before retiring in 2011. He sold his first piece of art in the ninth grade to his homeroom teacher. (That early sale paid off — years later, that teacher’s husband, the president of a bank, commissioned Williams to create a sculpture for the bank’s lobby...

Porcelain sculpture with metallic finish. Signed and numbered (signature and edition number are fired onto the back of edition). Edition of 2300. Published by the Museum of Contem...

Small. White Gold Metallic keywords; #sinuous, focus on material, sculptural folds, Aldo Chaparro, use of common materials, creased crinkled and wrinkled, angular, abstract sculptur...

Enamel and steel sculpture. Measures 18 x 18 x 10 inches (with base). Stamped 'R. Indiana' with edition, date and foundry. Edition 2/8. Artwork is in excellent condition. All ...

Carabela sculpture, signed and dated, edition 20/60 with certificate. Edgar Negret was born in 1920-2012 Colombia. He studied at the School of Fine Arts ...

Dina Recanati Cosmos Series (they look like outer space or abstract desert landscapes) 2003 Metallic paint, acid etched on aluminum, wood Hand signed and dated on side Dina Recanati (born Diane Hettena; 1928 – 2021) was an Israeli artist, sculptor and painter. Diane Hettena was born in Cairo, Egypt. In 1946, she married Raphael Recanati in Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine. Went to London to study History and Art 1946-1948. Moved to New York 1948. Raised two sons, Oudi and Michael. Attended Art Student League 1959-1962. Studied with Jose de Creft and John Hovannes. Beginning in 1964, she was active on the board of the America-israel Cultural Foundation. In the 1970s, she was a member of the board of the Israel Museum and in the 1980s Bezalel Academy of Art & Design, Jerusalem. At the same time as she was working as an artist, she was also collecting artwork. She lives and works in Herzliya and New York. Most of Recanati's work is in the medium of sculpture. Her works, which contain images of books or parchment, have been influenced by American abstract expressionism in their use of swaths of color. In the 1980s and 1990s, she worked widely in sculptures in the public domain. Dina Recanati was a proponent of Israeli art and supported many Israeli artists. In the 1950s and 1960s, she showcased the work of beginning artists at the 5th Avenue branch of Israel Discount Bank in New York City, while growing Discount Bank’s art collection. She has gone on to exhibit worldwide with permanent works in the Israel Museum, Tel Aviv Museum, Ben Gurion Airport, The Jewish Museum (New York) among others. She is the recipient of the AICF AVIV Award and The Council for a Beautiful Israel Yakir Award. She was represented by Flomenhaft Gallery in New York City (was included in the Feminist Art Project along with Miriam Schapiro) and Gordon Gallery in Tel Aviv. Recanati died in Herzliya Pituah at the ate of 93. Israeli Art: Painting, Sculpture, Graphic Work. Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv 1971 Artists: Igael Tumarkin, Bezalel Schatz, Yehiel Shemi, Buky Schwartz, Dina Recanati, Menashe Kadishman, David Palombo, Itzhak Danziger, Sorel Etrog, Yaacov Agam, Jakob Steinhardt, Louise Schatz, Anna Ticho, Ruth Schloss, Moshe Castel, Yohanan Simon, Lea Nikel, Marcel Janco, Mordecai Ardon etc. 40 From Israel: Contemporary Sculpture & Drawing Israel: Contemporary Sculpture & Drawing Brooklyn...

Intimate by Sara Modiano A three-dimensional freestanding sculpture Measures: 27 in. H x 24 in. W x 4 in. D Metal, wire This piece is a mixed-media, one of a kind sculpture from ren...

Mirrored glass and silkscreened plexiglass wall sculpture. Incised artist signature and edition on verso. From the EA edition of 20 (there is also the main edition of 99). Artwork...

The JUNONIA vase is a creation by the renowned Venetian glass master Afro Celotto. The dimensions of this artwork are 18.25" x 9" x 4.5". Every vase is hand signed at the bottom by...

Measures about 3.75 X 3.5 inches. Box is 11 X 11 inches. (Piece is in excellent condition. box frame has some minor wear and piece might need to be remounted, it has been removed and...

keywords; #sinuous, focus on material, sculptural folds, Aldo Chaparro, use of common materials, creased crinkled and wrinkled, angular, abstract sculpture, angular, process-oriented...

keywords; #sinuous, focus on material, sculptural folds, Aldo Chaparro, use of common materials, creased crinkled and wrinkled, angular, abstract sculpture, angular, process-oriented...

Victor Vasarely (9 April 1906 – 15 March 1997), was a Hungarian-French artist, who is widely accepted as a grandfather and leader of the Op art movement. In 1928, he enrolled at Sán...

"BIG SHINY BALL" Abstract Wall Sculpture 36" x 36" x 36" in by Shawn Kolodny Medium: Stainless Steel Shawn Kolodny is a Miami-based artist renowned for his immersive, large-scale ...

sculpture on wood by Spanish artist CODINA CORONA. Sculpture of one piece of wood Josep Maria Codina Corona (Igualada, 1935 - Barcelona, 2006) was a Catalan sculptor. He studied at...

PABLO PICASSO (1881-1973) Corrida aux personnages (A. R. 104) Terre de faïence dish, 1950, from the edition of 50, glazed and painted, with the Empreinte Originale de Picasso and M...

MARIA DOMPE, (Italian, b. 1958), Lady Sculpture, marble and fabric, 1995, height: 14 in. One of a pair, (Lady and Gentleman) being sold separately. Maria Dompe was born in Fermo on ...

Large Aqua Metallic Wall or pedestal mount keywords; #sinuous, focus on material, sculptural folds, Aldo Chaparro, use of common materials, creased crinkled and wrinkled, angular, a...

keywords; #sinuous, focus on material, sculptural folds, Aldo Chaparro, use of common materials, creased crinkled and wrinkled, angular, abstract sculpture, angular, process-oriented...

Victor Vasarely Untitled Acrylic on wood 27 x 15 in Ed. EA

Bronze sculpture with marble base. Incised artist signature and date. Sculpture size 13.5 x 7 x 6 inches (including base). Sculpture is in excellent condition (marble base has a c...

Dimensions: 15.5 X 7 X 7 in. The organic shaped vase showcases an applied light gold colored threaded design enveloping the clear body, around. Hand signed Constantini S. It came from an important estate in the Palm Beach area. Made in Murano, handmade according to the ancient Murano glass tradition. Master Sergio Costantini was born in Venice in 1956 and learned the technique of glass processing from the famous Master Glassmakers of Murano A. Barbini, Licio Zanetti, L. Mellara. His works are exhibited globally in the most important museums and art galleries. Venetian glass (Italian: vetro veneziano) is thought to have been made for over 1,500 years, and production has been concentrated on the Venetian island of Murano since the 13th century. Murano glassmakers created cristallo—which was almost transparent and considered the finest glass in the world. Murano glassmakers also developed a white-colored glass (milk glass called lattimo) that looked like porcelain. They later became Europe's finest makers of mirrors. Murano glassmaking began a revival in the 1920s. Today, Murano and Venice are tourist attractions, and Murano is home to numerous glass factories and a few individual artists' studios. Its Museo del Vetro (Glass Museum) in the Palazzo Giustinian contains displays on the history of glassmaking as well as glass sculpture samples ranging from Egyptian times through the present day. The Venetian glassmakers of Murano are known for many innovations and refinements to glassmaking. Among them are Murano beads, cristallo, lattimo, chandeliers, and mirrors. Additional refinements or creations are goldstone, multicolored glass (millefiori), and imitation gemstones made of glass. Aventurine glass, also known as goldstone glass, is translucent brownish with metallic (copper) specks. Calcedonio is a marbled glass that looked like the semi precious stone chalcedony. This type of glass was created during the 1400s by Angelo Barovier, who is considered Murano's greatest glassmaker. Ercole Barovier, a descendant of Murano's greatest glassmaker Angelo Barovier, won numerous awards during the 1940s and 1950s for his innovations using the murrine technique. Sommerso is a form of artistic Murano glass that has layers of contrasting colors (typically two), which are formed by dipping colored glass into another molten glass and then blowing the combination into a desired shape. The outermost layer, or casing, is often clear. Sommerso was developed in Murano during the late 1930s. Flavio Poli was known for using this technique, and it was made popular by Seguso Vetri d'Arte and the Mandruzzato family in the 1950s. This process is a popular technique for vases, and is sometimes used for sculptures. Some of Venice's historical glass factories in Murano remain well known brands today, including De Biasi...

"SHADOWS DEEPEN SOFTLY" Abstract Wall Sculpture 16 x 8 x 16 in by Shawn Kolodny Medium: Stainless Steel & Automotive Paint Creating art to reflect the times we live in, Kolodny cre...

Measures about 5.25 X 3.75 inches. Box is 17 X 13 inches. Signed by artist verso. From the literature that I have seen I believe the edition size was limited to 10, I do not know if ...

Artist: PEZ (Pierre-Yves Riveau) Title: The Big Apple Size: 14.50 x 10.50 x 9.50 in Medium: Concrete, Paint and Resin Edition: Unique Original Year: 201...

keywords; #sinuous, focus on material, sculptural folds, Aldo Chaparro, use of common materials, creased crinkled and wrinkled, angular, abstract sculpture, angular, process-oriented...