Medieval Furniture
The Middle Ages in Europe followed the end of the Roman Empire, and in this time of change, which preceded the Renaissance, furniture was simple and utilitarian, with most homes having only the necessities like chests and benches. Much of medieval furniture, which was often made in oak or walnut, was built for the elite, particularly the emerging merchant class who owned multiple homes.
Life for many in the medieval era was unstable, and furniture was designed to be functional and portable. Peasants worked the fields for affluent landowners and didn’t have access to literature in the way that nobles and people of the church did (women less so than men). The furniture in their modest dwellings was typically limited to cookware and a handful of stools. Foldable chairs, while uncommon in homes of the early Middle Ages and emblematic of wealth, like all other furnishings of the time, allowed for easy transportation of a household. Trestle tables with detachable legs and collapsible beds were designed to be simply moved from place to place.
Medieval blanket chests were among the most important furniture objects and could further serve as tables or even beds. Some ancient traditions were carried forward to build this sturdy furniture, such as turnery. Although the furniture was minimally designed, embellishments like carvings added elegance to the heavy wood pieces. These details sometimes reflected trends in religious art like rose windows.
By the later Middle Ages, storage pieces like chests of drawers were often adorned with high relief carvings, such as geometric and floral motifs. By the 14th and 15th centuries, design had developed to include more involved pieces like cupboards and desks, while benches frequently doubled as chests with hinged seats. Beds also changed in this era from basic boards to four-post designs with large drapes to keep the sleeper warm. These beds and other medieval bedroom furniture were significant status symbols, passed down through families and used as places to conduct business and receive visitors.
Surviving examples of medieval furniture are very rare, yet its distinctive aesthetics influenced later styles like William and Mary and Arts and Crafts.
Find a collection of medieval seating, garden elements, decorative objects and other furniture on 1stDibs.
17th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
Mid-20th Century Unknown Medieval Furniture
Silver Plate
1940s Spanish Vintage Medieval Furniture
Iron
Early 20th Century American Medieval Furniture
Bronze
Early 20th Century Unknown Medieval Furniture
Iron
Late 19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
Mid-20th Century Medieval Furniture
Iron
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Furniture
Limestone
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
19th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
1970s American Vintage Medieval Furniture
Ceramic
18th Century and Earlier Dutch Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
18th Century European Antique Medieval Furniture
Mirror, Walnut
2010s Afghan Medieval Furniture
Wool
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
Late 19th Century English Antique Medieval Furniture
Steel
2010s Indian Medieval Furniture
Silk
1950s European Vintage Medieval Furniture
Oak
1780s French Antique Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
16th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Chestnut
1990s Italian Medieval Furniture
Sterling Silver
16th Century Spanish Antique Medieval Furniture
Bronze
1920s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
16th Century European Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
15th Century and Earlier British Antique Medieval Furniture
Sandstone
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
Mid-20th Century Medieval Furniture
Stone
1880s French Antique Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
20th Century Medieval Furniture
Wood
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Brass
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Furniture
Alabaster
Early 20th Century North American Medieval Furniture
Wood
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Furniture
Stone
Early 20th Century Medieval Furniture
Mirror, Oak
Early 19th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Pine
2010s American Medieval Furniture
Copper, Steel
17th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
Mid-19th Century English Antique Medieval Furniture
Wood, Pine
Mid-19th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
15th Century and Earlier German Antique Medieval Furniture
Poplar
20th Century English Medieval Furniture
Elm, Yew
20th Century French Medieval Furniture
Brass
Late 19th Century European Antique Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
15th Century and Earlier Spanish Antique Medieval Furniture
Wood
15th Century and Earlier European Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
Mid-19th Century English Antique Medieval Furniture
Wood, Pine
Mid-19th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
2010s Afghan Medieval Furniture
Wool
Early 20th Century Spanish Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron, Metal, Gold Leaf, Iron
17th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Wood, Oak
1890s French Antique Medieval Furniture
Earthenware, Pottery
1910s American Vintage Medieval Furniture
Bronze, Enamel
Late 19th Century German Antique Medieval Furniture
Lead
2010s Indian Medieval Furniture
Silk
2010s Afghan Medieval Furniture
Wool
18th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
1980s Italian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Sterling Silver
19th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Brass