Medieval Furniture
The Middle Ages in Europe followed the end of the Roman Empire, and in this time of change, which preceded the Renaissance, furniture was simple and utilitarian, with most homes having only the necessities like chests and benches. Much of medieval furniture, which was often made in oak or walnut, was built for the elite, particularly the emerging merchant class who owned multiple homes.
Life for many in the medieval era was unstable, and furniture was designed to be functional and portable. Peasants worked the fields for affluent landowners and didn’t have access to literature in the way that nobles and people of the church did (women less so than men). The furniture in their modest dwellings was typically limited to cookware and a handful of stools. Foldable chairs, while uncommon in homes of the early Middle Ages and emblematic of wealth, like all other furnishings of the time, allowed for easy transportation of a household. Trestle tables with detachable legs and collapsible beds were designed to be simply moved from place to place.
Medieval blanket chests were among the most important furniture objects and could further serve as tables or even beds. Some ancient traditions were carried forward to build this sturdy furniture, such as turnery. Although the furniture was minimally designed, embellishments like carvings added elegance to the heavy wood pieces. These details sometimes reflected trends in religious art like rose windows.
By the later Middle Ages, storage pieces like chests of drawers were often adorned with high relief carvings, such as geometric and floral motifs. By the 14th and 15th centuries, design had developed to include more involved pieces like cupboards and desks, while benches frequently doubled as chests with hinged seats. Beds also changed in this era from basic boards to four-post designs with large drapes to keep the sleeper warm. These beds and other medieval bedroom furniture were significant status symbols, passed down through families and used as places to conduct business and receive visitors.
Surviving examples of medieval furniture are very rare, yet its distinctive aesthetics influenced later styles like William and Mary and Arts and Crafts.
Find a collection of medieval seating, garden elements, decorative objects and other furniture on 1stDibs.
17th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Furniture
Stone
16th Century Spanish Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
17th Century Belgian Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
19th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
Early 20th Century European Medieval Furniture
Sterling Silver
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
Mid-20th Century Persian Medieval Furniture
Wool
20th Century Medieval Furniture
Stone, Bronze
Late 18th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Stone
2010s Indian Medieval Furniture
Wool
2010s Indian Medieval Furniture
Wool
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Copper
1920s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
18th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Wood
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
15th Century and Earlier Spanish Antique Medieval Furniture
Other
18th Century Italian Antique Medieval Furniture
Parchment Paper
Early 20th Century Spanish Medieval Furniture
Mid-20th Century Medieval Furniture
Metal
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
Mid-19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
1920s Azerbaijani Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
1940s American Vintage Medieval Furniture
Metal
Mid-20th Century Italian Medieval Furniture
Iron
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
Late 17th Century Italian Antique Medieval Furniture
Fabric, Walnut
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
16th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
1950s Belgian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Brass, Copper
1940s French Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
1920s Turkish Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
Mid-20th Century French Medieval Furniture
Cotton
16th Century Belgian Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
1880s French Antique Medieval Furniture
Brass
1930s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
16th Century Spanish Antique Medieval Furniture
Metal
20th Century Spanish Medieval Furniture
Iron, Wrought Iron
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
Early 20th Century Medieval Furniture
Iron, Wrought Iron
15th Century and Earlier English Antique Medieval Furniture
Wood, Oak
Late 17th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
Early 1900s Persian Antique Medieval Furniture
Wool
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
Early 20th Century Italian Medieval Furniture
Iron
15th Century and Earlier Chinese Antique Medieval Furniture
Bronze
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
16th Century German Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
Early 1900s Italian Antique Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Furniture
Stone, Limestone
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Terracotta, Paint
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
19th Century Italian Antique Medieval Furniture
Bronze
Early 19th Century European Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak, Paint
Late 19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Marble
1960s Persian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool