Medieval Furniture
The Middle Ages in Europe followed the end of the Roman Empire, and in this time of change, which preceded the Renaissance, furniture was simple and utilitarian, with most homes having only the necessities like chests and benches. Much of medieval furniture, which was often made in oak or walnut, was built for the elite, particularly the emerging merchant class who owned multiple homes.
Life for many in the medieval era was unstable, and furniture was designed to be functional and portable. Peasants worked the fields for affluent landowners and didn’t have access to literature in the way that nobles and people of the church did (women less so than men). The furniture in their modest dwellings was typically limited to cookware and a handful of stools. Foldable chairs, while uncommon in homes of the early Middle Ages and emblematic of wealth, like all other furnishings of the time, allowed for easy transportation of a household. Trestle tables with detachable legs and collapsible beds were designed to be simply moved from place to place.
Medieval blanket chests were among the most important furniture objects and could further serve as tables or even beds. Some ancient traditions were carried forward to build this sturdy furniture, such as turnery. Although the furniture was minimally designed, embellishments like carvings added elegance to the heavy wood pieces. These details sometimes reflected trends in religious art like rose windows.
By the later Middle Ages, storage pieces like chests of drawers were often adorned with high relief carvings, such as geometric and floral motifs. By the 14th and 15th centuries, design had developed to include more involved pieces like cupboards and desks, while benches frequently doubled as chests with hinged seats. Beds also changed in this era from basic boards to four-post designs with large drapes to keep the sleeper warm. These beds and other medieval bedroom furniture were significant status symbols, passed down through families and used as places to conduct business and receive visitors.
Surviving examples of medieval furniture are very rare, yet its distinctive aesthetics influenced later styles like William and Mary and Arts and Crafts.
Find a collection of medieval seating, garden elements, decorative objects and other furniture on 1stDibs.
Mid-20th Century Dutch Medieval Furniture
Brass
Mid-20th Century French Medieval Furniture
Cotton, Wool
19th Century British Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
17th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Stone, Limestone
Mid-20th Century American Medieval Furniture
Iron
2010s Italian Medieval Furniture
Stainless Steel
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Walnut
Late 19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
Early 20th Century English Medieval Furniture
Wood, Oak
1960s French Vintage Medieval Furniture
Wool
Early 20th Century European Medieval Furniture
Stone
19th Century Spanish Antique Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
1890s Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
Early 19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
1850s Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
19th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Oak
Mid-19th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Walnut
15th Century and Earlier Spanish Antique Medieval Furniture
Other
19th Century English Antique Medieval Furniture
Brass, Iron
Mid-20th Century French Medieval Furniture
Cotton
1890s Antique Medieval Furniture
Mirror, Oak
17th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Stone, Limestone
20th Century English Medieval Furniture
Hardwood
Mid-20th Century French Medieval Furniture
Wool
2010s Italian Medieval Furniture
Steel
16th Century Belgian Antique Medieval Furniture
Walnut
1890s American Antique Medieval Furniture
Bronze
Mid-20th Century French Medieval Furniture
Wool, Cotton
1890s German Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Furniture
Limestone
Mid-19th Century English Antique Medieval Furniture
Lead
Early 20th Century Medieval Furniture
Mirror, Oak
1970s English Vintage Medieval Furniture
Pottery
1960s European Vintage Medieval Furniture
Granite
19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Quartz, Marble, Ormolu
1970s French Vintage Medieval Furniture
Iron, Wrought Iron
16th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
Early 20th Century Unknown Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
Late 19th Century German Antique Medieval Furniture
Lead
20th Century English Medieval Furniture
Iron
17th Century European Antique Medieval Furniture
Brass, Bronze
1960s French Vintage Medieval Furniture
Metal, Wrought Iron, Iron
20th Century French Medieval Furniture
Wood
18th Century English Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
2010s American Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
Early 20th Century French Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
1960s French Vintage Medieval Furniture
Metal, Iron, Wrought Iron
1890s Italian Antique Medieval Furniture
Wrought Iron
Late 19th Century English Antique Medieval Furniture
Terracotta
Mid-19th Century Antique Medieval Furniture
Silver
Late 19th Century French Antique Medieval Furniture
Iron
Early 1900s Antique Medieval Furniture
Canvas, Wood, Paint
17th Century Italian Antique Medieval Furniture
Walnut
1980s Italian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Poplar
1980s Italian Vintage Medieval Furniture
Poplar
1940s Danish Vintage Medieval Furniture
Bronze, Iron
Mid-19th Century English Antique Medieval Furniture
Wood, Pine