Did André Breton create Surrealism?

No, André Breton did not create Surrealism. However, he did help to define it. In 1924, the poet and critic authored the Surrealist Manifesto, in which he described the Surrealist approach as “a violent reaction against the impoverishment and sterility of thought processes that resulted from centuries of rationalism.” The movement itself grew out of the work of numerous artists, including Max Ernst, Salvador Dalí, Man Ray, Joan Miró, René Magritte, Yves Tanguy, Frida Kahlo and Meret Oppenheim. On 1stDibs, find a variety of Surrealist art.