Medieval Architectural Elements
The Middle Ages in Europe followed the end of the Roman Empire, and in this time of change, which preceded the Renaissance, furniture was simple and utilitarian, with most homes having only the necessities like chests and benches. Much of medieval furniture, which was often made in oak or walnut, was built for the elite, particularly the emerging merchant class who owned multiple homes.
Life for many in the medieval era was unstable, and furniture was designed to be functional and portable. Peasants worked the fields for affluent landowners and didn’t have access to literature in the way that nobles and people of the church did (women less so than men). The furniture in their modest dwellings was typically limited to cookware and a handful of stools. Foldable chairs, while uncommon in homes of the early Middle Ages and emblematic of wealth, like all other furnishings of the time, allowed for easy transportation of a household. Trestle tables with detachable legs and collapsible beds were designed to be simply moved from place to place.
Medieval blanket chests were among the most important furniture objects and could further serve as tables or even beds. Some ancient traditions were carried forward to build this sturdy furniture, such as turnery. Although the furniture was minimally designed, embellishments like carvings added elegance to the heavy wood pieces. These details sometimes reflected trends in religious art like rose windows.
By the later Middle Ages, storage pieces like chests of drawers were often adorned with high relief carvings, such as geometric and floral motifs. By the 14th and 15th centuries, design had developed to include more involved pieces like cupboards and desks, while benches frequently doubled as chests with hinged seats. Beds also changed in this era from basic boards to four-post designs with large drapes to keep the sleeper warm. These beds and other medieval bedroom furniture were significant status symbols, passed down through families and used as places to conduct business and receive visitors.
Surviving examples of medieval furniture are very rare, yet its distinctive aesthetics influenced later styles like William and Mary and Arts and Crafts.
Find a collection of medieval seating, garden elements, decorative objects and other furniture on 1stDibs.
1880s English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Oak
18th Century French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Wood
15th Century and Earlier German Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Wood, Paint
Mid-19th Century French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Terracotta
16th Century British Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Oak
19th Century Dutch Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Oak
19th Century Italian Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Carrara Marble
20th Century European Medieval Architectural Elements
Wrought Iron, Metal
15th Century and Earlier English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone, Limestone
Late 19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
Late 18th Century French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
1890s French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Earthenware, Pottery
19th Century French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Oak
19th Century Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Wood
15th Century and Earlier Italian Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Marble
16th Century French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Metal, Iron
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Limestone
15th Century and Earlier Italian Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Marble
Mid-20th Century Medieval Architectural Elements
Iron
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
1840s Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Bronze
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
16th Century French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
Late 19th Century French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Marble, Bronze
20th Century French Medieval Architectural Elements
Brass
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Sandstone
21st Century and Contemporary English Medieval Architectural Elements
Limestone
17th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Limestone
Mid-20th Century Dutch Medieval Architectural Elements
Plaster
1920s Vintage Medieval Architectural Elements
Iron
15th Century and Earlier English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone, Limestone
15th Century and Earlier Italian Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
17th Century Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Oak
19th Century Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Oak
19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
Early 20th Century English Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
15th Century and Earlier Italian Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Marble
Mid-19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Limestone
19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
16th Century Great Britain (UK) Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Leather
Late 19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Steel
Early 20th Century American Medieval Architectural Elements
Plaster
15th Century and Earlier English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone, Limestone
Early 17th Century French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Iron
15th Century and Earlier British Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Sandstone
Early 20th Century French Medieval Architectural Elements
Bronze
19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
15th Century and Earlier Spanish Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Granite
Mid-19th Century Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Pine
16th Century Spanish Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
Mid-19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
Early 19th Century British Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Limestone
19th Century English Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Stone
15th Century and Earlier French Antique Medieval Architectural Elements
Limestone