Classical Roman Furniture
During Mount Vesuvius’ eruption in 79 A.D., Pompeii and Herculaneum in today’s Italy were preserved as they were on the day of their destruction. Particularly at Herculaneum, furnishings were carbonized beneath volcanic ash. This was pivotal to understanding how Classical Roman furniture was designed. Archaeological investigations and printed reproductions of discoveries would influence styles evoking this ancient civilization, from the Renaissance to neoclassicism.
While knowledge of Classical Roman furniture comes from rare surviving pieces, it is also derived from frescoes and sculptures portraying Roman life. Much of Roman art, architecture and design was informed by Greece — Roman architect, military engineer and writer Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, whose timeless De architectura is taught in contemporary architecture classes and pays tribute to classical architecture, visited Greece while working under Julius Caesar and admired the country’s architectural developments. The Roman solium references the Greek thronos, a stately chair of honor with an upright form and footstool. As the Roman Empire spread across Europe and into North Africa and Western Asia, the expansion of trade for silver, silk, marble and wood allowed for more luxurious designs.
Classical Roman furniture was made from bronze, wood and stone — in particular, marble — with ornate touches like tortoiseshell veneers, bone and glass inlays and claw feet. Ornaments depicting lion heads and mythological figures were sculpted from silver, bronze and ivory. Compared to the decorative attention given to the mosaic floors and wall paintings, however, furniture for even a wealthy house was minimal. It focused on the necessities for guests arriving for both socializing and business and the rooms housing family, relatives and enslaved people.
The triclinium dining room had banquet couches, items so prized they were sometimes interred with the deceased. Tall bronze or terracotta candelabras held oil lamps for lighting. Carved marble tables reflected status, while the lararium home shrine demonstrated faith.
Find a collection of Classical Roman decorative objects, tables, seating and other furniture on 1stDibs.
Late 19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
Late 20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
Mid-19th Century Swiss Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Canvas, Paint
Late 18th Century German Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Silver
Mid-20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
Early 20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Earthenware, Clay
Mid-19th Century French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Iron
1670s European Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Fruitwood
Late 19th Century German Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Giltwood, Porcelain
2010s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Concrete
Late 19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Breccia Marble
Early 1900s Belgian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Oak
1920s Italian Vintage Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
Early 20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Alabaster
20th Century British Classical Roman Furniture
Carrara Marble
1870s French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Porcelain
1790s English Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Paper
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
Late 19th Century French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
2010s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Concrete
Late 19th Century Persian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Wool
Late 19th Century French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Alabaster
Mid-19th Century French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Carrara Marble
20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Stone, Bronze
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
Early 20th Century Dutch Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
Mid-20th Century Dutch Classical Roman Furniture
Glass, Walnut, Paper
Early 20th Century French Classical Roman Furniture
Marble, Bronze
19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Giltwood
Early 20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
1850s French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Pewter
Early 20th Century French Classical Roman Furniture
Clay
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Statuary Marble
1860s French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Carrara Marble
2010s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
17th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
15th Century and Earlier European Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
Early 20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Plaster
2010s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Concrete
Early 2000s European Classical Roman Furniture
Ceramic
1990s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
19th Century Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Leather, Wood
Early 20th Century French Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
Mid-20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Brass, Copper
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Cowhide, Leather
2010s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Concrete
19th Century French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Marble, Ormolu
19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
2010s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Concrete
Late 19th Century French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Terracotta
1870s Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
1930s British Vintage Classical Roman Furniture
Sterling Silver
Early 2000s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Alabaster
18th Century English Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Sterling Silver
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Canvas, Wood
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Cotton
2010s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Concrete, Cement
2010s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
1950s Italian Vintage Classical Roman Furniture
Plaster