Directoire Benches
Formed in the wake of the Jacobin Reign of Terror’s bloody guillotine, the Directoire was established to lead France into order through the leadership of a five-member council of directors. It was brief, lasting only from 1795 to 1799, ending with Napoléon Bonaparte’s coup d’état, and was economically tumultuous. Yet it was an essential bridge between the era of Louis XVI and the elaborate Empire style that followed, with Directoire furniture and decorative arts shaped by a royal passion for classical design and an enthusiasm for postrevolutionary France.
Much of the country’s furniture production had halted during the French Revolution when the furniture guilds system was abolished, but during the Directoire period, the cabinetmakers restarted their businesses, such as François-Honoré-Georges and Jacob-Desmalter who established a new workshop called Jacob-Frères. Pieces made in walnut, elm, mahogany and other inexpensive materials incorporated influences ranging from Egypt to Pompeii, with popular forms including the curule armchair based on an ancient Roman design. The aesthetics of the transitional style were more austere than during the monarchy, with court cabinetmaker Jean-Baptiste Sené, for instance, reimagining his workshop’s neoclassical-style furniture with ungilded surfaces and a reduction of ornamentation.
Symbols referencing the revolutionary tenets of liberty, equality and fraternity were frequently carved into Directoire furnishings, such as the Phrygian cap, clasped hands and the fasces, which is an image of a bound bundle of sticks adopted from the Roman Republic, where it was seen as an emblem of strength through unity.
Elements of the French Directoire style continued through Empire style. Designers Charles Percier and Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine are credited today as major proponents of both movements. The classically inspired furniture design is represented in pieces such as the boat-shaped daybed and the klismos chair, which endured in French interiors as well as in styles abroad, including American Directoire.
Find a collection of antique Directoire chairs, tables, daybeds, decorative objects and other furniture on 1stDibs.
1920s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Wood, Velvet
Late 18th Century French Antique Directoire Benches
Upholstery, Wood
20th Century French Directoire Benches
Fabric, Wood
19th Century French Antique Directoire Benches
Wood
1960s Unknown Vintage Directoire Benches
Walnut
1950s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Brass, Wrought Iron
19th Century Northern Irish Antique Directoire Benches
Pine
1950s European Vintage Directoire Benches
Walnut
Early 20th Century French Directoire Benches
Wood
Early 20th Century French Directoire Benches
Beech
1950s Vintage Directoire Benches
Wrought Iron
1950s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Leather, Wood, Velvet
20th Century Unknown Directoire Benches
Upholstery, Wood, Walnut
1950s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Metal
1950s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Bronze, Iron
1950s Vintage Directoire Benches
Bronze
Early 1800s Chinese Antique Directoire Benches
Elm
Early 20th Century French Directoire Benches
Upholstery, Cane, Ash
Mid-20th Century French Directoire Benches
Bronze, Wrought Iron
1970s American Vintage Directoire Benches
Wrought Iron
18th Century Swedish Antique Directoire Benches
Upholstery, Wood, Paint
19th Century French Antique Directoire Benches
Fabric, Wood
Late 18th Century French Antique Directoire Benches
Pine
Late 19th Century Swedish Antique Directoire Benches
Pine, Paint
Late 18th Century Italian Antique Directoire Benches
Pine
1920s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Walnut
Early 20th Century English Directoire Benches
Oak
Late 20th Century American Directoire Benches
Wrought Iron
Early 20th Century French Directoire Benches
Upholstery, Cane, Ash
Mid-20th Century Directoire Benches
Upholstery, Wood
18th Century French Antique Directoire Benches
Velvet, Wood, Paint
1950s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Upholstery, Wood, Paint
1940s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Walnut
1970s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Walnut
20th Century Unknown Directoire Benches
Leather, Walnut
Late 18th Century French Antique Directoire Benches
Silk, Wood
20th Century American Directoire Benches
Velvet, Cane, Walnut
1960s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Metal
1990s Unknown Directoire Benches
Walnut
1940s French Vintage Directoire Benches
Walnut