Skip to main content

Rolex Rings

While the rise in popularity of vintage Rolex watches is of no surprise to aficionados, collectors and industry experts, when it comes to contemporary luxury wristwatches, Rolex is also often the first brand that springs to mind. Not only is the company revered for its precision timekeeping and impeccable craftsmanship, but its name was designed to be memorable.

Rolex's enviable worldwide recognition can be credited in part to the genius of company founder Hans Wilsdorf. When the German-born watch dealer and his brother-in-law, Alfred Davis, set up their London enterprise, in 1905, they called it Wilsdorf & Davis, according to the traditional formula.

But Wilsdorf was determined to come up with another name that was short, would look good on a watch dial and was easy to say and remember in several languages. In 1908, he trademarked the name Rolex, and by 1920, he had moved the company to Geneva and redubbed it as Montres Rolex S.A.

But the main reasons for the brand’s success are its aforementioned commitment to precision and unflagging pursuit of innovation. In 1926, the company introduced the aptly named Oyster model. With a screw-down crown and case back, both fitted with rubber gaskets, this was the first truly waterproof watch.

Five years later, Rolex upped the ante with the Oyster Perpetual. That model’s patented Perpetual movement contained a rotor mechanism enabling it to self-wind. In another trendsetting move, in 1945, the brand debuted the Datejust, with a date window prominently displayed on the dial.

The company’s two most iconic models are sports watches. Although the Submariner, which debuted in 1953, was developed as a dive watch, its waterproof case, solid construction and good looks made it a favorite of adventurers and urbanites alike, including James Bond, who wore it in classics like Dr. No and Goldfinger. The Daytona, the racing chronograph made famous by Paul Newman, is especially sought after by collectors. Newman’s personal Daytona, which hit the auction block in 2017, sold for $17.8 million.

Find vintage Rolex watches, bracelets and more on 1stDibs.

to
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6.5
1
1
1
3,169
3,951
2,746
1,972
1,941
1
1
1
Creator: Rolex
GIA Certified 1.58 Carat Fancy Deep Brownish Orangy Yellow Marquise Diamond Ring
GIA Certified 1.58 Carat Fancy Deep Brownish Orangy Yellow Marquise Diamond Ring

GIA Certified 1.58 Carat Fancy Deep Brownish Orangy Yellow Marquise Diamond Ring

By Rolex

Located in Miami, FL

This GIA-certified 1.58-carat fancy deep brownish orangy yellow marquise brilliant diamond (VS2, GIA Report No. 6214264622) is set east-west in yellow gold prongs within a round bril...

Category

21st Century and Contemporary Art Deco Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, White Diamond, Yellow Diamond, Gold, 18k Gold, White Gold, Yell...

Related Items
GIA Certified 1.01 Carat Fancy Deep Brownish Yellow Pear Diamond Engagement Ring
GIA Certified 1.01 Carat Fancy Deep Brownish Yellow Pear Diamond Engagement Ring

GIA Certified 1.01 Carat Fancy Deep Brownish Yellow Pear Diamond Engagement Ring

By US Jewelry Factory

Located in New York, NY

This dazzling, one-of-a-kind engagement ring is a true statement piece, featuring a 1.01-carat GIA Certified natural fancy deep brownish yellow pear-shaped diamond (Report Number #21...

Category

2010s American Modern Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, 18k Gold

1.80 Carat Fancy Deep Yellow-Orange & Brownish-Yellow Diamond 18k Gold Ring GIA.
1.80 Carat Fancy Deep Yellow-Orange & Brownish-Yellow Diamond 18k Gold Ring GIA.

1.80 Carat Fancy Deep Yellow-Orange & Brownish-Yellow Diamond 18k Gold Ring GIA.

By Novel Collections

Located in New York, NY

Circles of diamonds in timeless elegance. This ring set with three GIA certified natural fancy color diamonds. A 0.63 carat circular-cut fancy deep brownish yellow diamond...

Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Art Nouveau Rolex Rings

Materials

Yellow Diamond, White Gold, 18k Gold

1.29Ct Marquise Diamond GIA Certified Fancy Deep Brownish Orangy Yellow Ring
1.29Ct Marquise Diamond GIA Certified Fancy Deep Brownish Orangy Yellow Ring

1.29Ct Marquise Diamond GIA Certified Fancy Deep Brownish Orangy Yellow Ring

By The Diamond Source

Located in San Diego, CA

This is a simple and beautiful ring featuring an exceptionally cut Marquise Shape Diamond that has the proportions of a 1.75Ct. and is accompanied by a GIA Report. The prominent col...

Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, Platinum

Unique GIA Certified Fancy Deep Brown Orangy Yellow Diamond Ring

Unique GIA Certified Fancy Deep Brown Orangy Yellow Diamond Ring

Located in New York, NY

Unique GIA certified three stone diamond ring. The center round brilliant diamond is 1.71 carats Natural Fancy deep brown orangy yellow. It is set in ...

Category

21st Century and Contemporary Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, Platinum

GIA Certified 1.46 Carat Fancy Orangy Pink Diamond Ring
GIA Certified 1.46 Carat Fancy Orangy Pink Diamond Ring

GIA Certified 1.46 Carat Fancy Orangy Pink Diamond Ring

Located in บางรัก, TH

18kt white gold ring with diamonds Gold colour & karat: White gold 18kt Weight: 6.70 grams Set with- Stone type: Diamonds Shape: Pear Carat: 1.46 ct Colour: Fan...

Category

2010s Asian Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, 18k Gold, White Gold

GIA Certified 2.46 Carat Natural Fancy Yellow Diamond Engagement Ring Platinum
GIA Certified 2.46 Carat Natural Fancy Yellow Diamond Engagement Ring Platinum

GIA Certified 2.46 Carat Natural Fancy Yellow Diamond Engagement Ring Platinum

Located in Miami, FL

GIA Certified 2.46 Carat Fancy Yellow Diamond Engagement Ring Platinum. Spectacular 1.46 carat center Fancy Yellow Diamond Even color distribution & Natural. The ring features two baguette diamonds totaling approx 1.00 carat F/VS clarity. For a total diamond weight of 2.46 carat. The center fancy yellow diamond is certified by GIA (the #1 diamond grading) and comes with the certificate. The ring is made in platinum and 18k gold foe the center mounting to bring out the true color of the yellow fancy diamond...

Category

2010s Rolex Rings

Materials

Yellow Diamond, 18k Gold, Yellow Gold, Platinum

EGL Certified 1.58 Carat Pear Shape Vivid Fancy Yellow Diamond Engagement Ring
EGL Certified 1.58 Carat Pear Shape Vivid Fancy Yellow Diamond Engagement Ring

EGL Certified 1.58 Carat Pear Shape Vivid Fancy Yellow Diamond Engagement Ring

Located in New York, NY

This exquisite 2.93 total carat handcrafted diamond engagement ring is as unique as the hand destined to wear it. At its center, a breathtaking 1.58 carat EGL certified vivid fancy y...

Category

2010s American Contemporary Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, Yellow Diamond, 18k Gold, White Gold

GIA Certified 2.38 Carat Fancy Vivid Yellow Diamond Ring
GIA Certified 2.38 Carat Fancy Vivid Yellow Diamond Ring

GIA Certified 2.38 Carat Fancy Vivid Yellow Diamond Ring

By GEMME

Located in New York, NY

2.38 Carat Fancy Vivid Yellow Diamond flanked by Brilliant cut tapered baguettes and surrounded by Round Brilliant Diamonds. Certified by GIA and Set in platinum and 18 Karat Yellow...

Category

2010s American Rolex Rings

Materials

Yellow Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum

3.51 Carat Radiant Fancy Brownish Yellow GIA Certified Diamond Ring
3.51 Carat Radiant Fancy Brownish Yellow GIA Certified Diamond Ring

3.51 Carat Radiant Fancy Brownish Yellow GIA Certified Diamond Ring

Located in Houston, TX

This unique and stunning ring is beautifully crafted in 18K yellow gold and platinum, featuring a GIA-certified 3.51-carat radiant-cut center diamond with a captivating Fancy Brownis...

Category

2010s Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, 18k Gold, Yellow Gold, Platinum

1.80 Carat Fancy Deep Yellow-Orange & Brownish-Yellow Diamond 18k Gold Ring GIA.
1.80 Carat Fancy Deep Yellow-Orange & Brownish-Yellow Diamond 18k Gold Ring GIA.

1.80 Carat Fancy Deep Yellow-Orange & Brownish-Yellow Diamond 18k Gold Ring GIA.

By Novel Collections

Located in New York, NY

Three-Stone Fancy Color Diamond Halo Ring in 18K White Gold Vibrant, rare, and masterfully crafted, this exceptional three-stone ring features a captivating trio of natural fancy co...

Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Art Nouveau Rolex Rings

Materials

Yellow Diamond, 18k Gold, White Gold

GIA Certified 3.50 Carat Fancy Brownish Greenish Yellow VS2 Diamond Ring
GIA Certified 3.50 Carat Fancy Brownish Greenish Yellow VS2 Diamond Ring

GIA Certified 3.50 Carat Fancy Brownish Greenish Yellow VS2 Diamond Ring

Located in บางรัก, TH

18kt white gold (convertible) ring with diamonds Gold colour & karat: White gold 18kt Weight: 8.674 grams Set with- Stone type: Diamonds Shape: Pear Carat: 3.50 ct ...

Category

2010s Asian Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, 18k Gold, White Gold

Previously Available Items
Rolex Diamond 18k White Gold Watch Ring
Rolex Diamond 18k White Gold Watch Ring

Rolex Diamond 18k White Gold Watch Ring

By Rolex

Located in New York City, NY

A very fine and rare triple signed watch ring by Rolex, circa Mid-Century. The dial, case, and movement is signed Rolex as seen in the pictures. Featuring round and square cut diamond of high grade, this ring is comparable to in rarity to watch ring by Cartier or Van Cleef & Arpels. A rare find, with rolex box. For a similar example, please see Phillips auction...

Category

Late 20th Century Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, 18k Gold, White Gold

Vintage Rolex Triple Signed Yellow Gold Watch Ring
Vintage Rolex Triple Signed Yellow Gold Watch Ring

Vintage Rolex Triple Signed Yellow Gold Watch Ring

By Rolex

Located in Southampton, PA

18k Yellow Gold Vintage Ring Watch by Rolex. Details: Ring Size: 4 Weight: 8.5 grams Case Top: 15mm x 19.5mm Movement: Manual cal. 280 17J Movement Stamped Hallmarks: Dial: Rolex Precision Case Back: Rolex Logo, 463137 Crown: Rolex Logo Also: Swiss Assay Marks Inside Case: Geneve Rolex Swiss 115 - 18k 0.750 Assay Mark 9366 Movement: Swiss Rolex Geneve 17 Rubis...

Category

20th Century Swiss Rolex Rings

Materials

18k Gold

Rolex Oyster Perpetual Datejust Men's Watch, Stainless 18k Gold 2Yr. Wnty 16013
Rolex Oyster Perpetual Datejust Men's Watch, Stainless 18k Gold 2Yr. Wnty 16013

Rolex Oyster Perpetual Datejust Men's Watch, Stainless 18k Gold 2Yr. Wnty 16013

By Rolex

Located in Greensboro, NC

This is an authentic Rolex wristwatch. The watch has been professionally serviced and comes with a two-year warranty and a generic black presentation box. Brand: Rolex Oyster Perpetual Datejust Model Number: 16013 Year: 1978 Materials: Stainless Steel & 18k Yellow Gold (case) & Genuine Brown Leather (band) Movement: Mechanical (automatic) Case: 34.4mm wide (not including the crown) Band width: 18.9mm Lug Width: 20.1mm Bracelet Inner Circumference: 5 3/4" - 7 3/4“ (adjustable) Closure Type: Buckle Clasp Total Weight: 61.8 Grams Stamps: Rolex Oyster Perpetual Datejust Superlative Chronometer...

Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Rolex Rings

Materials

18k Gold

Midcentury Rolex Ring Watch with Diamonds and Original Box
Midcentury Rolex Ring Watch with Diamonds and Original Box

Midcentury Rolex Ring Watch with Diamonds and Original Box

By Rolex

Located in Carmel-by-the-Sea, CA

An exceptionally rare object to enhance the collection of the vintage Rolex enthusiast (or beckon his wife into the wonderful world of vintage Rolex), made in the 1950s of 18k rose gold and fitted with a manual wind Rolex...

Category

1950s Swiss Vintage Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, 18k Gold, Rose Gold

Rolex Diamond and Yellow Gold Ring
Rolex Diamond and Yellow Gold Ring

Rolex Diamond and Yellow Gold Ring

By Rolex

Located in New York City, NY

Cool diamond and 18K yellow gold ring by Rolex. It features high grade round brilliant cut diamonds Currently size 9 but can be sized slightly up and down. Hallmarks: Rolex, 750, m...

Category

1980s Vintage Rolex Rings

Materials

Diamond, 18k Gold

Very Rare and Collectible Rolex Ring Watch
Very Rare and Collectible Rolex Ring Watch

Very Rare and Collectible Rolex Ring Watch

By Rolex

Located in Dallas, TX

Very Rare and Collectible Rolex Ring Watch - Automatic. 18k Yellow Gold ( 15 mm ). Champagne dial with both stick and Roman numerals. Pre-owned in ex...

Category

Mid-20th Century Swiss Rolex Rings

Rolex rings for sale on 1stDibs.

Find a range of Rolex rings available on 1stDibs.
Questions About Rolex Rings
  • 1stDibs ExpertOctober 19, 2021
    An Oyster Perpetual on a Rolex watch refers to the watch's ability to run on the energy generated by the wearer's wrist movements rather than manual winding. At Baselworld in 2015, a variety of Rolex watches with a new-generation Oyster Perpetual movement were unveiled. Find a variety of vintage Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    The popular Rolex Oyster Perpetual is usually between $5,900 and $6,600 in price.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    Because platinum is denser than other metals, it is often more expensive to purchase platinum watches than gold. One of the most expensive watches sold was a Platinum Rolex worth $277,000.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    A new Rolex Oyster Perpetual Date watch is worth around $6,000. However, if it's encrusted with gems or vintage, it can cost as much as $50,000. 1stDibs has a great and vast selection of Rolex Oyster Perpetual Date watches.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    The new Submariner Rolex with a Black Bezel is worth around $8,100 with some of the more expensive new Submariners in yellow gold costing around $36,950.
  • 1stDibs ExpertMarch 22, 2022
    To wind a Rolex watch, first fully unscrew the winding crown. Once it is in a raised position, carefully turn the crown clockwise. Most watches require 25 turns for enough winding to begin powering the watch. The instructions included with Rolex watches provide more information about how to wind specific models. Shop a large collection of Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    Depending on what kind of watch you're looking for, one may be better than the other. For instance, if you want a highly functional sport watch, some of Rolex's models may be better for you. That said, the brands' watches are very similar quality-wise. The main difference is their appearances: While Rolex designs more traditional timepieces, Panerai is more contemporary and bold.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    A Rolex Submariner bears an 18k stamp and the number “750,” which means that 75 percent of the watch is made out of pure gold model. The most luxurious of all timepieces, the Rolex Submariner has been continuously manufactured since 1951. Find vintage Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    Rolex uses only the highest quality melee diamonds with between D and G in color and IF in clarity. Every diamond is tested individually to make sure it is real.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    A contemporary Rolex Yacht Master costs around $11,000. However, a vintage model can cost up to $30,000.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    To wind a Rolex Datejust, set the crown notch (located on the right hand side of the face) to position one. To set it to position one, turn the crown counterclockwise to unscrew the crown and pop the crown out one notch. From this position, start to wind the Rolex by turning the crown clockwise. You should feel a bit of tension and hear a soft clicking sound. Browse a wide selection of Rolex Datejust watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    While choosing a watch can depend on the wearer's style, there are a few consistent favorites. Some of the top Rolex watches for women include the Rolex Datejust, the Rolex Day-Date, and the Rolex Oyster Perpetual.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    The Rolex Oyster Perpetual is a great entry-level Rolex to purchase. The perpetual refers to the ability of the watch to use the energy of the wearer's wrist motion to run. It is a popular starter Rolex.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    Rolex uses only the highest quality diamonds in their watches and compares these stones against certified master stones. They are the most colorless, so in ranges D to G.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    Before 1915, the Rolex Watch Co. was called Wilsdorf and Davis. The company shared a name with its founders Hans Wilsdorf and Alfred Davis, but they opted to update it after they trademarked the word Rolex in 1908. Find a wide variety of Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    Yes, a Rolex can be traced using its unique serial number that is engraved into the watch. Noting down your watch’s serial number somewhere safe can help to identify it if it’s ever lost. Browse a collection of professionally vetted Rolex timepieces on 1stDibs from top sellers.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    A Rolex GMT is a wristwatch designed with jetsetters in mind. The watch features a bezel that can track both departure and destination times. Unlike standard watches, the Rolex GMT has a fourth hand set to GMT. GMT stands for Greenwich Mean Time, which is the standard to which all time zones are dictated. Find a selection of Rolex GMT watches and other styles on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertMarch 22, 2022
    Rolex Thunderbird is another name for the Rolex Datejust Turn-O-Graph watch. It is well known for its rotating bezel. The Swiss watchmaker released the timepiece for the first time in 1953. You'll find a collection of Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 16, 2024
    Rolex is from Switzerland. However, the company's history can be traced to the UK. Rolex's enviable worldwide recognition can be credited, in part, to the genius of company founder Hans Wilsdorf. When the German-born watch dealer and his brother-in-law, Alfred Davis, set up their London enterprise in 1905, they called it Wilsdorf & Davis according to the traditional formula. But Wilsdorf was determined to come up with another name that was short, would look good on a watch dial and was easy to say and remember in several languages. In 1908, he trademarked the name Rolex, and by 1920, he had moved the company to Geneva and redubbed it Montres Rolex S.A. Explore a wide range of Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertMarch 22, 2022
    A number of Rolex watches include meteorite, a piece of debris from a meteoroid, asteroid or comet. The Swiss luxury watchmaker uses the material in the premium models in its Datejust, Pearlmaster and GMT-Master II lines. Shop a variety of Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertFebruary 22, 2021
    A Pepsi Rolex is a watch with a red and blue bezel nicknamed for its resemblance to the logo to one of America's favorite soft drinks. The first version of the Rolex GMT-Master II, or “Pepsi” arrived in 1954. It is a highly coveted mid-level price watch.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    A 1675 Rolex is the name for the second generation of Rolex GMT-Master watches produced by the brand Rolex. The Swiss luxury watchmaker made the model from 1959 to 1980. It featured crown guards and an aluminum insert that made the timepiece more durable than its predecessor. You'll find a wide variety of Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    The term “Rolex” refers to a luxury watch produced by the company Rolex. In 1905, Hans Wildorf founded the company in London, UK, but today it operates from headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. Shop a large selection of Rolex watches 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertMarch 22, 2022
    To determine what year your Rolex watch is, use the serial number. Normally, you will find the number engraved on the bottom half of the back of the case. Depending on the age and model, the serial number ranges from four to eight digits in length. You can contact Rolex to determine the year that corresponds to the serial number or use an online tool. On 1stDibs, find a variety of expertly vetted Rolex watches.
  • 1stDibs ExpertMarch 22, 2022
    To open a Rolex watch, you must have a die kit. Rolex designs these kits and sells them through authorized brick-and-mortar and online dealers. Place the die in the center of the case back, positioning it inside of the grooves. Then, twist the die clockwise with one hand and hold the watch steady with the other. Continue to twist until you unscrew the back completely. Shop a wide range of Rolex on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    Yes, you can swim wearing most Rolex watches because the Swiss luxury watchmaker's timepieces tend to be waterproof. However, the depth that you can safely dive to while wearing one varies, making it important that you consult the water-resistance information etched onto the back of the case or detailed in the watch's papers before you swim. On 1stDibs, shop a collection of Rolex watches.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    No, Rolex does not offer financing. That said, there are many qualified and reputable Rolex retailers who may offer their own financing options. Shop iconic vintage and contemporary Rolex watches from some of the world’s top boutiques on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertDecember 17, 2024
    Opinions may differ as to which model is the most quintessential Rolex. However, one of the most well-known watches produced by the luxury Swiss maker is the Submariner. Rolex introduced what would become the benchmark for a diver’s watch at the international watch and jewelry fair in Basel, Switzerland, in 1953. The Submariner — full name: Oyster Perpetual Submariner — would go on to become not only a technical feat but also a decade-spanning status symbol. Other potential contenders for the title include the Oyster Perpetual, the DateJust, the Air King and the Milgauss. On 1stDibs, find a wide range of Rolex watches.
  • 1stDibs ExpertDecember 17, 2024
    No, Cartier is not the same as Rolex. Louis-François Cartier founded Cartier in Paris in 1847. Some of its most iconic watches include the Tank, the Santos, the Ballon Bleu, the Calibre de Cartier and the Drive de Cartier. Hans Wilsdorf established Rolex in London in 1905. Today, the maker is well-known for its sophisticated watches, including the Submariner, the Daytona, the DateJust, the Oyster Perpetual and the GMT-Master II. Find a selection of Cartier and Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertDecember 17, 2024
    A vintage Rolex is a timepiece made by the luxury Swiss watchmaker Rolex that is a certain age. Generally, experts refer to vintage models as those produced between 20 and 99 years ago. Watches made shortly after the company's founding that are at least 100 years old may be categorized as antiques. Shop a large collection of vintage Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertDecember 17, 2024
    The first Rolex watch was the Oyster. With a screw-down crown and case back, both fitted with rubber gaskets, this was the first truly waterproof watch when it debuted in 1926. Five years later, Rolex upped the ante with the Oyster Perpetual. That model’s patented Perpetual movement contained a rotor mechanism enabling it to self-wind. Explore a diverse assortment of Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertMarch 22, 2022
    No, you can't overwind a Rolex watch. The winding crown only continues to wind the watch until it reaches its limit. At that point, the winding crown disengages and continuing to turn the crown won't keep winding the watch. Shop a wide range of Rolex watches on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    No, you don’t have to wind a Rolex watch as long as you are wearing it regularly. Rolex watches feature a Perpetual rotor that collects energy from the wrist’s movement and converts it into power for the watch. Browse a collection of expertly authenticated Rolex watches from top sellers on 1stDibs.
  • 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022
    A Rolex watch is powered by a Perpetual rotor that captures the energy of your body’s movement and uses it to keep your watch running. You can also wind up a Rolex if you haven’t been wearing it for a while. Shop the collection of authenticated Rolex timepieces available from some of the world’s top boutiques on 1stDibs.