Classical Roman Furniture
During Mount Vesuvius’ eruption in 79 A.D., Pompeii and Herculaneum in today’s Italy were preserved as they were on the day of their destruction. Particularly at Herculaneum, furnishings were carbonized beneath volcanic ash. This was pivotal to understanding how Classical Roman furniture was designed. Archaeological investigations and printed reproductions of discoveries would influence styles evoking this ancient civilization, from the Renaissance to neoclassicism.
While knowledge of Classical Roman furniture comes from rare surviving pieces, it is also derived from frescoes and sculptures portraying Roman life. Much of Roman art, architecture and design was informed by Greece — Roman architect, military engineer and writer Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, whose timeless De architectura is taught in contemporary architecture classes and pays tribute to classical architecture, visited Greece while working under Julius Caesar and admired the country’s architectural developments. The Roman solium references the Greek thronos, a stately chair of honor with an upright form and footstool. As the Roman Empire spread across Europe and into North Africa and Western Asia, the expansion of trade for silver, silk, marble and wood allowed for more luxurious designs.
Classical Roman furniture was made from bronze, wood and stone — in particular, marble — with ornate touches like tortoiseshell veneers, bone and glass inlays and claw feet. Ornaments depicting lion heads and mythological figures were sculpted from silver, bronze and ivory. Compared to the decorative attention given to the mosaic floors and wall paintings, however, furniture for even a wealthy house was minimal. It focused on the necessities for guests arriving for both socializing and business and the rooms housing family, relatives and enslaved people.
The triclinium dining room had banquet couches, items so prized they were sometimes interred with the deceased. Tall bronze or terracotta candelabras held oil lamps for lighting. Carved marble tables reflected status, while the lararium home shrine demonstrated faith.
Find a collection of Classical Roman decorative objects, tables, seating and other furniture on 1stDibs.
Mid-20th Century Unknown Classical Roman Furniture
Cement
1990s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Metal
15th Century and Earlier Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Gold
19th Century European Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
20th Century English Classical Roman Furniture
Oak, Sycamore
19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
15th Century and Earlier North African Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Clay
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Leather, Sheepskin, Cane, Wood
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Cowhide, Leather
Early 1900s German Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Leather, Wood
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Cowhide, Leather
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
Mid-19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Stone
1940s French Vintage Classical Roman Furniture
Ceramic
Mid-19th Century English Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Plaster
Late 20th Century American Classical Roman Furniture
Wood
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Cowhide, Leather
1790s Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Art Glass, Cut Glass
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Leather, Sheepskin
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Cowhide, Leather
Early 1900s Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
1860s Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Fruitwood
Mid-20th Century French Classical Roman Furniture
Iron
1920s Vintage Classical Roman Furniture
Brass
19th Century German Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Porcelain
Late 20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Terracotta
Mid-19th Century French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Silver
Early 18th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Steel
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Leather, Sheepskin
20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Carrara Marble, Brass
1970s Italian Vintage Classical Roman Furniture
Chrome
Mid-20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble, Bronze
1880s Swedish Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Paper
Early 2000s Classical Roman Furniture
Mirror, Wood
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Cotton
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Marble
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Wool
1980s Italian Vintage Classical Roman Furniture
Earthenware
Mid-20th Century French Classical Roman Furniture
Plaster
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Cotton
17th Century European Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Wood
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Glass
Late 19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Marble, Metal
Mid-20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
2010s Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Marble, Carrara Marble
19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Terracotta
Late 19th Century French Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
1990s American Classical Roman Furniture
Acrylic, Canvas, Teak
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Fruitwood
Late 19th Century Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Mahogany
1990s American Classical Roman Furniture
Canvas, Acrylic, Teak
Early 1900s Belgian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Oak
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Wood
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Wood
15th Century and Earlier Italian Antique Classical Roman Furniture
Bronze
Late 20th Century Italian Classical Roman Furniture
Terracotta
20th Century Classical Roman Furniture
Cowhide, Leather