In the revolutionary wake of Impressionism, artists like Vincent van Gogh, Georges Seurat, Paul Cézanne and Paul Gauguin advanced the style further while firmly rejecting its limitations. Although the artists now associated with Postimpressionist art did not work as part of a group, they collectively employed an approach to expressing moments in time that was even more abstract than that of the Impressionists, and they shared an interest in moving away from naturalistic depictions to more subjective uses of vivid colors and light in their paintings.
The eighth and final Impressionist exhibition was held in Paris in 1886, and Postimpressionism — also spelled Post-Impressionism — is usually dated between then and 1905. The term “Postimpressionism” was coined by British curator and art critic Roger Fry in 1910 at the “Manet and the Postimpressionists” exhibition in London that connected their practices to the pioneering modernist art of Édouard Manet. Many Postimpressionist artists — most of whom lived in France — utilized thickly applied, vibrant pigments that emphasized the brushstrokes on the canvas.
The Postimpressionist movement’s iconic works of art include van Gogh’s The Starry Night (1889) and Seurat’s A Sunday on La Grande Jatte (1884). Seurat’s approach reflected the experimental spirit of Postimpressionism, as he used Pointillist dots of color that were mixed by the eye of the viewer rather than the hand of the artist. Van Gogh, meanwhile, often based his paintings on observation, yet instilled them with an emotional and personal perspective in which colors and forms did not mirror reality. Alongside Mary Cassatt, Cézanne, Henri Matisse and Gauguin, the Dutch painter was a pupil of Camille Pissarro, the groundbreaking Impressionist artist who boldly organized the first independent painting exhibitions in late-19th-century Paris.
The boundary-expanding work of the Postimpressionist painters, which focused on real-life subject matter and featured a prioritization of geometric forms, would inspire the Nabis, German Expressionism, Cubism and other modern art movements to continue to explore abstraction and challenge expectations for art.
Find a collection of original Postimpressionist paintings, mixed media, prints and other art on 1stDibs.
Portrait of a Young Man - Mid Century French Impressionist Interior Oil Painting
Located in Sevenoaks, GB
A beautiful signed and dated 1952 French post-impressionist oil on canvas portrait of a young man in an interior. Wonderful quality portrait of the young man wearing wide brim trous...
Oil
$1,502Sale Price|20% Off
1920's British Signed Oil Painting Portrait Lady by Piano Interior Light Scene
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait of the Artists Mother *see below by Gladys Marguerite Baker (British, 1889-1959) signed, titled verso oil on canvas, framed framed: 29 x 17 inches canvas: 24 x 12 inches Pr...
Oil, Canvas
Woman with Guitar Mixed Media Painting, Fauvist Style, Signed, 1970s
Located in Sitges, Barcelona
Title: Woman with Guitar Artist: Jordi Curós Ventura (1930–2017) Technique: Mixed media on canvas board Dimensions: 46 x 55 cm Framed: No Period: S...
Mixed Media
$700Sale Price|20% Off
Mid Century French Impressionist Oil Head & Shoulders Portrait Vintage Style
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Artist/ School: Suzanne Dinkés (French, 1895 - 1984) Medium: oil on board, unframed Size : 16 x 13 inches Provenance: private collection, France Condition: The painting is in overall...
Oil
$1,357Sale Price|20% Off
Antique French Impressionist Self Portrait of Artist 1900's Oil Painting canvas
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Self Portrait of the Artist by René PIROLA (French, 1878 - 1912) stamped with artists mark oil on canvas, framed framed: 27 x 22 inches canvas: 26 x 21.5 inches Provenance: private ...
Oil
$807Sale Price|20% Off
Mid Century Impressionist Painting Portrait of a Green Eyed Brunette Lady
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Artist/ School: Suzanne Dinkés (French, 1895 - 1984) Medium: signed and dated 47' oil on board, unframed Size : 14 x 10.5 inches Double sided Provenance: private collection, France ...
Oil
$619Sale Price|20% Off
1930's French Oil Painting Double Sided Portrait Painting of Woman
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Double Sided Portrait Artist/ School: Suzanne Dinkés (French, 1895 - 1984) Medium: oil on board, unframed Size : 16 x 13 inches Double sided Provenance: private collection, France C...
Oil
$1,184Sale Price|20% Off
Mid 20th Century French Fauvist Painting - Amazing Colors - pupil of Andre Lhote
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
'Abstract Figure' Suzanne Vattier, French 1901-1996 dated 1973 gouache painting on artist paper, framed size: 20 x 25.5 inches Fabulous 1970s abstract goauche painting. The colours ...
Gouache
$737Sale Price|20% Off
French Mid Century Painting Signed Oil Painting Portrait of a Woman
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait of a Woman Artist/ School: Suzanne Dinkés (French, 1895 - 1984) Medium: signed oil on board, unframed dated 1950 Size : 16 x 13 inches Provenance: private collection, France...
Oil
$1,615Sale Price|20% Off
1930s European Fauvist Signed Oil Painting - Portrait of Bearded Young Man
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Artist/ School: European School, circa 1920's-1930's period, indistinctly signed lower left corner. Title: Portrait of a young Gentleman, with a beard. The work is largely Fauvist i...
Oil
Young Woman's Profile
Located in North Clarendon, VT
Wonderful little portrait, Woman in profile, mixed media on paper board. Signed lower left, 6.5" x 7", estate stamp on reverse. Bernard Lamotte (1903–1983) was a French-born Americ...
Mixed Media, Oil
$646Sale Price|20% Off
1930's French Post-Impressionist Oil Portrait of Woman in Pensive Thought
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait of a Woman/ double sided image French, circa 1930's, unsigned oil on board, unframed Board : 13.5 x 11 inches Double sided Provenance: private collection, France Condition: ...
Oil
$1,952
Huge French 1930's Post Impressionist Signed Oil Portrait Artist Painting
By Georges Delhomme
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait of the artist, Mario Tauzin (French 1909-1979) By Georges Delhomme (French 1904-1989) signed oil painting board, framed dated 1934 framed: 46.5 x 35 inches board: 42 x 30 in...
Oil
Portrait of a Young Lady - Large Antique French Post Impressionist Oil Painting
Located in Sevenoaks, GB
A beautiful large 1920's French post-impressionist oil on canvas portrait of a young lady by Charles Picart le Doux. The artist is very interesting and was friends with Picasso, Piss...
Canvas, Oil
Vintage modernist portrait painting of Handsome Man - listed artist Arbit Blatas
By Arbit Blatas
Located in Baltimore, MD
This colorful portrait of a young man is by well listed and collected Arbit Blatas. Painted just after the Second World War, there is a fresh modernist approach to the style. His he...
Oil
Audrey - Post Impressionist Portrait Oil Painting by Jean-Gabriel Domergue
Located in Marlow, Buckinghamshire
Signed oil on board portrait circa 1940 by French post impressionist painter Jean Gabriel Domergue. The work depicts a blonde lady - Audrey - in a mint green dress...
Oil, Board
$2,268,000Sale Price|20% Off
Kees Van Dongen Circus Performers 1900s Vintage Vibrant Figure Fauvist Signed
Located in Milwaukee, WI
"Les Artistes du Cirque" is an original painting in ink, watercolor, and gouache on paper by leading Fauvist artist Kees Van Dongen, signed in the lower right. In the piece, two circus performers stand against against a wall. On the left, a pale woman in a blue leotard with red flowers on the shoulder stands with her arms crossed, looking out at the viewer. The painter fills in her tights with delicate white brushstrokes, lending them an almost iridescent appearance. Her strawberry blond hair is piled on top of her hair according to the fashion of the period. On the right, an African man stands in a vivid orange toga, looking somewhere off to the left. His feet are clad in bright white shoes...
Paper, Ink, Watercolor, Gouache
$10,000Sale Price|20% Off
'Portrait of a Fashion Designer', Berlin National Gallery, Weimar, Jewish, 20's
By Georg Rössner
Located in Santa Cruz, CA
Signed lower left, 'Georg W. Rössner' for Georg Walter Rössner (German, 1885-1972), titled 'Bildnis Lieselotte Friedländer' and painted circa 1926; original artist card verso. A sub...
Canvas, Oil
$1,507Sale Price|20% Off
1900's French Post Impressionist Oil Painting Portrait of Lady Seated in Chair
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait of a Lady in a Chair French Post-Impressionist artist, circa 1900 oil painting on canvas, unframed canvas: 24 x 20 inches provenance: private collection, France condition: v...
Canvas
$2,087Sale Price|37% Off
Girl Studying, Oil on Canvas, Post-Impressionist, Circa 1960, Unframed
By Francesc Serra Castellet
Located in Sitges, Barcelona
Francesc Serra Castellet (1912-1976) - Girl - Oil on canvas Oil measurements 73x60 cm. Frameless. Biography: Francesc Serra Castellet. Barcelona 1912 - Tossa de Mar (Girona) 1976. ...
Canvas, Oil
$1,184Sale Price|20% Off
Fine Mid 20th Century French Post Impressionist Oil Painting Portrait of Lady
By Jean Dulac
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait of a Lady by Jean Dulac (1902-1968) *see below signed oil painting on canvas, unframed canvas: 16 x 13 inches provenance: private collection, Lyon, France (the artists home ...
Oil
$7,754Sale Price|20% Off
Post Impressionist Portrait of a Woman - British 40's art portrait oil painting
Located in Hagley, England
This striking British Post Impressionist portrait oil painting is by noted Manchester artist Harry Rutherford. Painted circa 1940, the portrait is of a dark haired young woman in a f...
Oil
$1,682
Mother and Child in Garden by Pierre Neveu French Figurative Signed Oil Painting
By Pierre Neveu
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Mother and Child in Garden by Pierre Neveu French Figurative Oil Painting by Pierre Neveu (1920–1998), French signed and dated 1955 lower right oil on canvas, unframed Canvas: 29 x ...
Pastel, Color Pencil
$700Sale Price|20% Off
Mid Century French Impressionist Oil Head & Shoulders Portrait Vintage Woman
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Artist/ School: Suzanne Dinkés (French, 1895 - 1984) Medium: oil on board, unframed Size : 16 x 13 inches double sided image Provenance: private collection, France Condition: The pai...
Oil
$1,113Sale Price|20% Off
Portrait of woman
By René Guinand
Located in Genève, GE
Dimension with frame :54 x 47 x 4 cm
Oil, Wood Panel
$17,576
Femme et jeune fille - Post Impressionist Figurative Oil by Henri Lebasque
Located in Marlow, Buckinghamshire
Signed and dated figurative oil on panel circa 1920 by French post impressionist painter Henri Lebasque. The piece depicts a woman in a red dress sewing while a young girl in a pink ...
Oil, Panel
$183Sale Price|20% Off
1950’s Fashion Illustration Original Painting Of A Lady In A Stunning Pink Dress
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Pink Dress by Josine Vignon (French 1922-2022) ink/watercolour/pencil drawing on card, unframed paper: 10 x 6.5 inches double sided very good condition provenance: from the artists...
Ink, Watercolor, Color Pencil
Sleeping girl. Portrait, child, horizontal, oil, impressionism, small
Located in Oslo, NO
"This is a portrait of a sweet girl, the daughter of my friend, who I was visiting." said Anna about this portrait. "The little one played with me for a long time until she got tired...
Oil
"Elisabeht" Original contemporary portrait. Vertical. oil on hardboard
Located in Oslo, NO
In my artwork, I've poured my soul into capturing the complex tapestry of human emotion. With each stroke of oil paint, I've interwoven a sense of resilience amidst adversity, the su...
Oil, Acrylic, Board
$753Sale Price|20% Off
Orchestra Musicians Playing Cellos And Violins In Warm Concert Scene French Oil
By Pierre Neveu
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Orchestra Musicians Artist: Pierre Neveu (French b.1929) signed lower left Medium: oil on canvas, unframed Canvas: 15.75 x 15.75 inches inscribed verso Condition: Good and sound co...
Oil
$1,292Sale Price|20% Off
Original French Mid Century Post-Impressionist Oil Painting Portrait Young Lady
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait by Édouard Righetti (1924-2001) Signed lower front oil painting on canvas, beautifully painted with rick thick impasto oil and bold colors....
Oil
$811Sale Price|41% Off
Large Intimist Female Nude Catalan Postwar School oil on canvas painting
Located in Sitges, Barcelona
Carles Got (Barcelona, 1918–1977) Large Intimist Female Nude – Catalan Postwar School Medium: Oil on canvas Dimensions: 92 × 73 cm (36.22 × 28.74 inches) Framing: Unframed Signature: Hand-signed by the artist Period: Mid-20th century Condition: Good. Firm canvas, stable paint layer, natural patina of age. No visible restorations. Description Imposing original oil painting by Carles Got, a Barcelona-based painter of the postwar generation, firmly rooted in the great Catalan figurative tradition connected to artists such as Isidre Nonell, Joaquim Sunyer, Josep de Togores...
Oil
Antique Horse Painting "Standing Grey Horse, Facing Right" Georg Wolf dated 1907
Located in SANTA FE, NM
Antique Horse Painting “Standing Grey Horse, Facing Right” Georg Wolf (Germany 1882-1962) Oil on canvas Signed and dated 1907 lower right 27 x 19 (35 x 27 frame) inches With it's bobbed tail cut short so it doesn't become tangled, it's apparent that this fine specimen was a draught horse...
Canvas, Oil
$2,315Sale Price|20% Off
1960's French Post Impressionist Oil The Circus Performers Montparnasse Frame
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
The Circus by Josine Vignon (French 1922-2022) signed on front and back oil painting on canvas, framed in original 'Montparnasse' style frame. framed: 26 x 23 inches canvas: 18 x 1...
Canvas, Oil
$7,960Sale Price|20% Off
1930's English, Portrait in oil of a Bowler Hatted man, Photographer John Bean
Located in Woodbury, CT
George Herbert Buckingham Holland was born in Northampton, the son of a grocer. He studied at Leicester School of Art. He made his living painting portraits of Northampton dignitarie...
Canvas, Oil
$1,077Sale Price|20% Off
Antique French Fauvist 1920's Signed Oil Painting Portrait of Fashionable Lady
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait of a Lady French School, fauvist style indistinctly signed circa 1920's period oil on canvas, unframed canvas: 22 x 18 inches provenance: private collection condition: very ...
Oil, Canvas
$1,723Sale Price|20% Off
1940's French Portrait of Young Man Original Signed Oil on Canvas Period Frame
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait of a Man by Roger Allain (French 1920-1992) signed and dated 1941 (a very rare period due to WW2) oil on canvas canvas: 22 x 18 inches provenance...
Oil, Canvas
"Boy Standing in France" French Post-Impressionist Oil Painting on Board Framed
Located in New York, NY
This painting depicts a whimsical portrait of a young boy .The bright colors and quick brush strokes are what makes this painting so attractive and desirable. The piece is done in a ...
Oil, Canvas
Turn of Century English Portrait of Mrs. Rogerson
Located in Soquel, CA
Elegant Victorian original oil portrait of Mrs. Rogerson by John Charlton Robert Azensky Fine Art is pleased to offer this fine example of Victorian portraiture of Mrs. Frances Mary...
Linen, Oil, Stretcher Bars
$700Sale Price|20% Off
Mid Century French Impressionist Oil Portrait of a Vintage Style Woman
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Artist/ School: Suzanne Dinkés (French, 1895 - 1984) Medium: oil on board, unframed Size : 16 x 13 inches double sided work Provenance: private collection, France Condition: The pain...
Oil
$3,029Sale Price|50% Off
Parc des Buttes-Chaumont Gouache, Post-Impressionist, Framed, 1930s
By Lucien Génin
Located in London, GB
'Parc des Buttes-Chaumont' in Paris, gouache on art paper, by Lucien Génin (circa 1930s). A charming depiction of well turned out Parisians enjoying a day at the park. Boaters, strollers and swans all co-mingle around the peaceful lake. The reflection of the rocky bluff in the water is superbly treated by Génin. It's a cheerful and uplifting image of days-gone-by in 1930s Paris. The park takes its name from the 'bare hill' (chauve-mont) that once occupied the site. It became a place where gypsum was mined, and where the limestone was quarried to be used in buildings in Paris and the United States. Worse, though, it was a site that also became a dumping ground. Luckily, during the 19th-century renovation of Paris under Napoleon III, chauve-mont was chosen as a place for a large park, as part of the emperor's fascination with endowing Paris with green spaces. The artificial lake created at that time wraps around a hilly central island. The lake attracts waterfowl and other birds and is stocked with fish. The 19th-century planners cleaned up the site and added tons of soil to fill the pits left by a limestone mining operation. Then dynamite was used to "sculpt" the site into the craggy shapes seen today, including the 50-metre-high central hill with cliffs, an interior grotto, pinnacles, and arches. Up on top, overlooking the rest of the park - and depicted in this artwork - is a small, round belvedere, based on the Roman Temple of Vesta in Italy. From that spot you can see a lovely view of Montmartre and the white cupolas of the Sacre-Coeur. The painting is in very good condition. It has been newly framed and glazed with museum-quality glass (anti-reflective and UV protection) to preserve this significant artwork for decades to come. Dimensions with frame: H 62 cm / 24.4" W 76 cm / 29.9" Dimensions without frame: H 48.5 cm / 19.1" W 63 cm / 24.8" About the Artist: After the devastation of the First World War, Lucien Génin (1894 - 1953) left his provincial home in the autumn of 1919 to find his fortune among the lively Parisians in the heart of Montmartre. Génin befriended the painters Frank Will, Gen Paul, Émile Boyer, Marcel Leprin...
Gouache, Paper
$2,961Sale Price|20% Off
Portrait of Lady in Green - Welsh Post Impressionist 50s art oil painting
By Glyn Morgan
Located in Hagley, England
This superb British Post Impressionist oil painting is by artist Glyn Morgan. Morgan was a noted Welsh artist, initially taught by Ceri Richards in Cardiff and later a Benton End stu...
Oil
$1,021Sale Price|20% Off
Classical Guitarist Reading Notes in Concert French Oil Painting
By Pierre Neveu
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
The Guitarist Artist: Pierre Neveu (French b.1929) Medium: oil on canvas, unframed Canvas: 46 x 35 inches Signed and titled verso Condition: Good and sound condition Provenance: From...
Oil
$3,231Sale Price|20% Off
Portrait of Nellie - Welsh Post Impressionist 1950's art oil painting exh label
By Glyn Morgan
Located in Hagley, England
This superb British Post Impressionist fifties portrait oil painting on board is by noted artist Glyn Morgan. Morgan was a noted Welsh artist, initially taught by Ceri Richards in Ca...
Oil
$1,561Sale Price|20% Off
French Post Impressionist Oil Painting Lady with Hat Eating Fruit at Table
By Pierre Neveu
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
The Fruit Table Artist: Pierre Neveu (French b.1929) signed lower right Medium: oil on canvas, unframed Canvas: 24 x 29 inches Condition: Good and sound condition Provenance: From t...
Oil
$816Sale Price|20% Off
"Sleeping girl" Original impressionistic portrait. Vertical oil painting
Located in Oslo, NO
Childhood is a very important part of a person 's life and a lot is laid there . For me, childhood is carelessness, purity , sincerity, lightness, the drawl of time, a lot of impress...
Canvas, Oil
$927Sale Price|37% Off
Pitussi Oil on Canvas Painting, Thoughtful Woman, 92x65 cm, Unsigned
Located in Sitges, Barcelona
Frederic Cabanas (1954) - Pitussi - Oil on canvas Oil measurements 92x65 cm. Without frame. Frederic Cabanas Multifaceted artist, painter, sculptor, musician, photographer, wr...
Canvas, Oil
$990Sale Price|20% Off
Orchestra With Conductor Leading Musicians At A Bright Halle French Oil Painting
By Pierre Neveu
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Orchestra With Conductor Leading Musicians At A Bright Halle French Oil Painting Artist: Pierre Neveu (French b.1929) Medium: oil on canvas, unframed Canvas: 36 x 29 inches Condition...
Oil
$748Sale Price|20% Off
Mid Century French Impressionist Oil Portrait of Young Woman Hair Tied Back
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Portrait of a Woman Artist/ School: Suzanne Dinkés (French, 1895 - 1984) Medium: oil on board, unframed Size : 13 x 9.5 inches Provenance: private collection, France Condition: The p...
Oil
Portrait of Mrs Veronica Heiss with Coral Hair Ornament and Necklace, 1883
By Anders Zorn
Located in Stockholm, SE
This early watercolour portrait by Anders Zorn depicts Mrs Veronica Heiss (née Reiner, 1841–1927) in a bust-length, oval composition. Zorn portrays the sitter wearing a vivid madder-...
Paper, Watercolor
$289Sale Price|34% Off
Woman Posing Mixed Media Painting, Fauvist Style, 1970s, Framed
By Jordi Curos
Located in Sitges, Barcelona
Jordi Curós Ventura (1930-2007) - Woman Mixed technique on canvas board. Work measurements 46x38 cm. Frame size 63x55 cm. Jordi Curós Ventura (Olot, Girona, March 4, 1930) is a Span...
Mixed Media
$3,247
Gustaf Höglund: Self-Study (1939), a Rare and Striking Early Self-Portrait
Located in Stockholm, SE
Gustaf Höglund (1910-1994) Sweden Självstudie (Self Study), 1939 signed and dated lower left oil on canvas unframed 71 × 31 cm (28 × 12.2 in) framed 79 × 39 cm (31.1 × 15.4 in) T...
Canvas, Oil
$1,642Sale Price|20% Off
Mid Century French Oil Painting Half Length Male Nude Portrait Seated Man
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Artist/ School: Suzanne Dinkés (French, 1895 - 1984) Medium: oil on canvas, unframed Size : 22 x 18 inches Signed verso Provenance: private collection, France Condition: The painting...
Oil
Lady Holding Bouquet Of Red Poppies
Located in Lake Worth Beach, FL
Lady Holding Bouquet Of Red Poppies. Portrait depicting a beautiful young woman holding bouquet of red poppies in a fine pink satin dress. The painti...
Canvas, Oil
$850Sale Price|20% Off
Mid 20th Century French Fauvist Painting - Amazing Colors - pupil of Andre Lhote
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
'Abstract Figure' Suzanne Vattier, French 1901-1996 signed and dated on back 1971 gouache painting on artist paper, framed size: 13 x 19.5 inches Fabulous 1970s abstract goauche pai...
Gouache
The Opera Garnier in paris
Located in Saint-Ouen, FR
COSSON, Jean Louis Marcel (1878 – 1956) Ballerinas and gentlemen in the Swing of the Opera Oil on canvas signed low left Framed by Gault (Paris - Fbg St Honoré) Dimensions canvas ...
Oil
Portrait of an Indian with Rifle, Post-Impressionist Oil on Canvas
Located in Miami, FL
This dignified portrait of an Indian with a rifle was most likely painted when Walt Louderback was in Paris in the early part of the twentieth century. The word Paris is indistinctl...
Canvas, Oil
$1,615
Gentleman with a Pipe - 1930's French Post Impressionist Portrait Oil Painting
Located in Sevenoaks, GB
* No US duty or taxes to pay on works of art * A striking 1930's French post-impressionist oil on board portrait of a gentleman smoking a pipe by Antonin Guéton. Excellent quality...
Oil, Board
$737Sale Price|20% Off
French Mid Century Oil Painting Portrait Nude Woman with Long Dark Hair
Located in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
The Artists Model Artist/ School: Suzanne Dinkés (French, 1895 - 1984) Medium: oil on canvas, unframed Inscribed verso Size : 22 x 18 inches Provenance: private collection, France Co...
Oil
Vintage Western Cowboy Painting, Encampment Scene, by listed artist , ca 1950’s
By Frederic Burnett
Located in Baltimore, MD
This atmospheric Western scene may be just what a themed room or collection needs. Listed American artist Frederic Burnett is known for his depictions of the American West and this ...
Oil