Tulipwood Case Pieces and Storage Cabinets

A Rare Louis XV Ormolu-Mounted Tulipwood and Chinese Lacquer cabinet, c. 1750 (Regence Period) A truly magnificent, monumental, and one of a kind cabinet, painted throughout with gi...

Antique Italian Louis XVI style walnut chest of drawers, 19th century. With a rectangular walnut top with tulipwood banding, 3 drawers with tulipwood banding and brass pulls, resting...

Superb Louis XVI Style Gilt-Metal Mounted Inlaid Tulipwood Semanier or Lingerie chest of seven drawers with original working lock & key. 1980's Baker Furniture; scarcely seen in ...

A fine quality antique French Louis XV style marble top & ormolu mounted tulipwood & kingwood bombe shape commode chest, circa 1900. The serpentine shaped top having the original var...

An extraordinary Louis XV period (1715-1774) French ormolu mounted tulipwood and kingwood marquetry bombé sauteuse commode by master Parisian ébéniste André-Antoine Lardin. circa late 1740s In our 40+ years we have not came across a chest of drawers that captures our attention like this one! Exquisitely hand-crafted in Paris in the mid-18th century, exceptionally executed in opulent and luxurious period King Louis 15th taste, featuring a curvacious serpentine-front bombe-form solid wood case fitted with two drawers, adorned with finely chased, chiseled and gilded bronze doré mounts, including rare and most distinctive sculptural fiolated scroll Rocaille handles, flanking ornate keyhole escutcheons with original key included. In absolutely stunning rare and exotic precious tulipwood and kingwood veneer work with striking warm rich highly figured grain patterns, elegant floral marquetry inlays and fascinating early sunburst panels. Topped with the original serpentine shaped Brèche de Médous marble-top with stepped molded edge. The Breccia de Médous is extracted in the towns of Médous and Asté, near Bagnères-de-Bigorre in the Hautes-Pyrénées. This dramatic breccia is composed of angular elements of contrasting colors ranging from black to yellow to gray creating a bold but subdued visual display. Signed, retaining the original LARDIN blind stamp to top proper-right rear post underneath marble. André-Antoine Lardin (1724-1790) is a celebrated Master Cabinetmaker, earning maître in 1750, and particularly respected for his extraordinary woodworking veneer - marquetry work. - PROVENANCE / ACQUISITION: From the important collection of Loyd-Paxton, Dallas, Texas. Property from the magnificent Estate of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Morris Graham Sr., El Paso, Texas, but also with homes in Dallas, Texas and Pebble Beach, California. Acquired from the highly reputable auction house Heritage Auctions, Dallas, Texas. 2024 Furniture & Decorative Art Featuring The Collection of Mrs. Henry Ford II Signature Auction Catalog #8167 Loyd Paxton Gallery, Dallas, Texas. With one of the finest collections in the world and prominent customers to match, including Sir Elton John, Truman Capote, Saudi Prince Faisal, and the Sultan of Brunei. Rare French antiques from Loyd-Paxton made their way into Versailles when it underwent renovations, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York purchased furnishings, including a dazzling Louis XIV Boulle desk that had been owned by the Sun King himself. Betty Jo Graham might not hold celebrity status but her remarkable life and many contributions to American history and the arts community of El Paso, Texas, make her deserving of the limelight nonetheless. Affectionately known to her friends as BJ, led a remarkable life that intertwined a deep passion for music with significant contributions to her community and country. BJ embarked on her vocal journey at the age of 12, studying under the esteemed Mini Ferguson Owens at the University of Wichita. Her pursuit of musical excellence continued in the same institution, where she later attended college. BJ's life was not solely dedicated to music; she also played a vital role in American history. During the tumultuous times of World War II, she contributed her skills to the Cessna AT-17 training program, a crucial effort in preparing pilots for combat. She worked as an electrical wiring diagram analyst for Boeing Engineering Development on the iconic Enola Gay project in 1956. BJ's heart always remained with music. She continued to refine her vocal skills with notable figures such as Maude Douglas Tweedy in New York City and John Charles Thomas in Apple Valley, California. Her love story with Robert Morris Graham Sr., whom she married in 1975, was filled with shared adventures and travels across the globe, living in places from Dallas, Texas, to Pebble Beach, California, and El Paso, Texas. As a trustee of the El Paso Symphony Orchestra and a board member of the El Paso Symphony Youth Orchestra and El Paso Pro-Musica, she played a pivotal role in nurturing the musical landscape of her community. Her support extended to various causes, including the El Paso Opera, Holocaust Museum, Museum of Art, and many more, showcasing her belief in the transformative power of art and culture. Betty Jo Graham's journey through life reflects a profound dedication to her passions, community, and the arts. Her legacy, marked by her music, history, and philanthropy contributions, inspires and impacts many, ensuring that her melodious spirit will be remembered and cherished for future generations. After traveling the globe and living in cities across the country, Graham and her husband, Robert Morris Graham Sr., eventually settled in El Paso, where she served as a trustee of the El Paso Symphony Orchestra and a board member of the El Paso Symphony Youth Orchestra and El Paso Pro-Musica. Though Graham had a lifelong passion for music and played a pivotal role in nurturing the musical landscape of her community, her philanthropy extended to various causes, including the El Paso Opera, El Paso Holocaust Museum and El Paso Museum of Art, showcasing her belief in the power of art and culture. A patron of the arts, Graham was also a collector of fine jewelry, with a particular fondness for eye-catching, statement-making rings, necklaces, earrings and more, and Heritage was honored to present Property from the Estate of Mrs. Betty Jo “B.J.” Graham as part of its Spring Fine Jewelry Signature Auction. Inscription to placard on reverse: FROM THE COLLECTION OF LOYD-PAXTON DALLAS, TEXAS Signatures: Original blind stamped LARDIN to top of rear post. Bronzes not removed to inspect for foundry marks. - DIMENSIONS: (approx) 33" High, 42" Wide, 20.75" Deep - CONDITION REPORT: Overall a superb example, especially considering its nearly 300 years old. Beautifully aged warm patina, antique wood glow and lustrous sheen. Strong, sturdy, stable, structurally sound. Evidence of restorations, likely by Loyd-Paxton, including high-quality bespoke upholstered drawer lining. Typical wear commensurate with age, use, handling and exposure, including minor nicks to edge, age splits scattered throughout body, expected antique character and charm. Marble top is in great shape. Accompanied by two working keys. Overall outstanding presence, delivered cleaned, waxed, with hand rubbed polished patina, ready for immediate use and generational enjoyment! - INTERESTING ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: This elegant commode typifies the fashion for furniture mounted with exotic and rare woods, exquisite marquetry-work, and decadent Rococo bronzes. Andre Antoine Lardin, also known as N.B. Lardin was born in 1724 and died on 10 August 1790. He held his master's title from 1 July 1750 and was particularly respected for the exceptional quality of his veneering / marquetry. A well known and regarded maître ébéniste, Lardin’s career is somewhat thinly documented, most likely due to the upheaval and record destruction during the Revolution, notably when the guilds in Paris and elsewhere were abolished in 1791. Lardin worked for various marchand-mercier (furniture dealers) and probably also for a private clientele. He ran his workshop first in the Rue de Charenton and from 1770 in the Rue Saint-Nicolas. His two sons, André Antoine II and Louis François, worked with him for some time and the second-named became his successor in the Rue Saint-Nicolas. Lardin is known to have worked for the marchands André-François Carré, this superb commode having almost most certainly been commissioned through the intervention of one of these fashionable dealers. The marchand-mercier André-François Carré, is recorded rue Froidmanteau, "Magasin de glaces, porcelaine ébénisterie et curiosités pour les cabinets d'histoire naturelle." Carré also worked with two vernisseurs (vernis Martin): Porchon and Prévost. All of Lardin's furniture is classic in form and decor, well crafted and mostly veneered in rosewoods or violet wood. Lardin worked in the taste of the time with geometric patterns, cartouche fields and simulated fluting. Furniture with elaborate inlays such as birds, trophies, urns, landscapes, or flowers and sunburts such as this stunning example appear more rarely. The stamp JME stands for Jures Menuisiers Ebeniste and notes the guild affiliation of the master. The Corporation des Menuisiers-Ébénistes was a French craft guild which was concerned with the profession of woodworking. Some JME stamps are worn down from the marble slab over the years and no longer apparent, but in this case lacking the JME stamp is likely indicative of work made prior to reaching maître ébéniste (master cabinetmaker), denoting an early and exceedingly scarce example. Eighteenth century French furniture...

This rare Italian marquetry bar cabinet from circa 1960 is a stunning piece of mid-20th-century craftsmanship, blending neoclassical inspiration with timeless elegance. Beautifully veneered in fine walnut and satinwood, the cabinet features intricate floral and urn marquetry designs throughout, displaying the artistry and precision typical of Italian decorative furniture. The front panel is adorned with a central urn filled with flowers, surrounded by delicate geometric and scrolling inlays, while the sides and legs echo these refined motifs. The cabinet opens to reveal a fitted dry bar interior, perfectly designed for housing martini glasses, cocktail essentials, and liquor bottles. Its compact yet practical size makes it an ideal piece for a sophisticated home bar, adding both storage and style to your living room, study, or lounge. The elegant tapered legs, inlaid with floral detailing, give the piece a light, graceful presence. This Italian dry martini liquor bar...

A very fine French 19th/20th century Louis XVI style mahogany, kingwood and tulipwood parquetry three-door vitrine with ormolu-mounted floral wreaths, ribbons, female masks and centr...

A fine and large French late 19th century Louis XVI style mahogany, kingwood bandings and fruitwood marquetry armorial commode with Sycamore Marquetry...

A pair of French Louis XV style "Semainier" tall chest commodes with a Brêche d'Alep marble top. The slender walnut and tulipwood body, each fitted with seven drawers with gilt bronz...

A very fine and impressive pair of French 19th century Louis xv style gilt bronze-mounted kingwood, satinwood and tulipwood floral marquetry two-drawer bombé commodes attributed to François Linke, index number 1810, Paris, late 19th-early 20th century with a brêche d'alep marble top. Unsigned and unmarked, circa Paris, 1890-1900. François Linke (d. 1946) was awarded the gold medal for his Grand Bureau...

A Fine French 19th-20th century Louis XV style ormolu-mounted tulipwood vitrine with marble top, in the manner of François Linke (1855-1946). The slender single door cabinet fitted w...

A Very Fine and Impressive French 19th century Louis XV style gilt bronze-mounted tulipwood, kingwood and fruitwood marquetry bombé two-drawer commode - dresser with marble top, by M...

A very fine and palatial French 19th century Louis XVI style gilt bronze-mounted mahogany, satinwood, tulipwood and fruitwood marquetry and parquetry commode, after a model by Jean H...

A very fine French Louis XV style Palissandre, Tulipwood, mahogany and Marquetry Meuble D' Appui with one door and veined black marble top, Stamped: M. Descotte & Fils, circa 1880-18...

Palatial French 19th-Century Louis XV style figural gilt bronze mounted tulipwood marquetry three-drawer bureau-plat cartonnier with Dual clock-works by Lenoir, Paris, surmounted wit...

A Louis XVI (Possibly Transitional LXV/LXVI) commode, French in origin and dating from the 1780s. The marble top a beautiful blend known as "Rouge Lanquedoc". The body composed of Ki...

A fine French 19th-20th century Louis XV style gilt bronze mounted satinwood and tulipwood Bois Satiné and Bois de Bout floral Marquetry two-drawer commode of bombé serpentine form, ...

Early 19th Century Mahogany Sideboard. Late Regency to Early William IV Period. Beautiful neoclassical inlays of bellflowers an...

A thoroughly delightful pair of antique French walnut and tulipwood marble topped bedside cabinets, in the Louis XVI manner, Circa 1900 in date. They feature shaped rectangular Ital...

A robust Louis Xv styled cartonnier of kingwood and floral marquetry ( inlay ) .Excellent color and patina. The outer veneers laid over heavy solid French oak boards ( giving signi...

A handsome and most decorative pair of Italian mid 18th century Louis XVI Period Walnut, Tulipwood and white Carrara marble commodes. Each wonderful two drawer chest is raised by fou...

This unique cabinet brings together precious woods and cloisonné enamel in a refined dialogue between structure and ornament. Crafted in amaranth wood, distinguished by its natural p...

An exceptional 19th Century French bureau plat with ormolu mounts.  This remarkable bureau plat has veneers of tulipwood and amaranth. The model is taken from the designs of the mak...

A French 19th/20th Century Louis XV Style Gilt-Bronze Mounted Kingwood, Amaranth, Satinwood and Tulipwood Bois Satiné and Bois de Bout Floral Marquetry Two-Drawer Commode of bombé serpentine...

A Napoleon III Ormolu-Mounted Marquetry Meuble d'Appui Of bow fronted arc-en-arbalette outline, the cabinet constructed using several fine woods including birds' eye maple, tulipwoo...

A fine French 19th century Louis XV Style gilt bronze-mounted and "Vernis Martin" style bombé tulipwood veneered vitrine cabinet with a Breche d' Alep marble top. The serpentine fron...

20th century Louis XIV style cabinet Cabinet in the style of Louis 14th. tulip wood on solid pinewood. The fittings are pronounced and of exceptionally ...

A Late 19th Century Louis XV Style Ormolu Mounted, Parquetry Tulipwood and Kingwood with Tooled Brown Leather Inset Top Lady's Bureau Avec Cartonnier made out of 6 top drawers flabk...

A fine 19th century Louis XV style gilt-bronze mounted kingwood and tulipwood floral marquetry Bombé two-drawer commode with a Royal veined yellow marble top. The serpentine body wit...

A Very Fine French 19th-20th Century Louis XVI Style Mahogany, Tulipwood and Ormolu-Mounted Parquetry Three-Door Vitrine Commode 'Meuble d'appui with a Brêche Violette Marble Top, attributed to François Linke (1855-1946). The interior of the vitrine with three glass shelves, lined with a burgundy broque fabric and a mirror backing, flanked by a pair of side doors, each fitted with a pair of mahogany...

A good quality late 19th century side cabinet, having a white marble top, gilded ormolu scrolling mounts to the frieze, various exotic woods to the parquetry and marquetry inlay, a S...

A Fine French 19th Century Louis XV Style Kingwood and Tulpwood Gilt-Bronze Mounted Vernis Martin Style Serpentine Meuble d'Appui (Side cabinet) with Marble Top. The triple-bombé single door body fitted with a Spanish Brocatelle marble top, the single front door centered with a painting depicting a park scene with a man seated across two ladies and a young man standing between them playing violin, the upper apron painting section depicting a lake scene with coastal trees, all surmounted with floral and acanthus ormolu mounts and raise on cabriolet legs with gilt-bronze sabots. Two interior wooden shelves. The lockplate stamped: "V.F. (Crossed keys...

A Truly Magnificent 19th century Secre´taire a` Abattant by Maison Rogie´ of Paris After the original in the Wallace Collection, London, made in 1777 by Pierre-Antoine Foullet Con...

Elevate your interior décor with this Fine French Walnut Inlaid Satinwood Art Nouveau Dresser in the Manner of Galle, a captivating blend of artistry and function that perfectly embo...

Austrian Biedermeier Burl Walnut & Mahogany cask with carved molded edge cornice, flanking book matched hinged doors, tulip wood inlays, satinwood inlays, original steel engraved loc...

A fine 18th century French Louis XVI marquetry commode, expertly crafted by master ébéniste Jean-Baptiste Lependu from solid oak secondary wood with tulipwood, kingwood and satinwood...

This is perhaps one of our favorite pieces and one of the most sophisticated and uniquely finished chests from the mid 18th century. An English - King George III, Hepplewhite flame m...

A stunning and extremely high quality French 19th century Louis XVI st. Belle Époque period Kingwood, Tulipwood, ormolu and Brèche Polychrome de St. Bernard marble cabinet vitrine si...

A stunning and high quality French 19th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu and Tulipwood cabinet/vitrine, signed Henry Dasson 1886. This beautiful tall rectangular three door vitrine is su...

This special faux paint decorated marble top French Louis XV wide dresser, circa 1930, is a stunning example of early 20th-century craftsmanship with timeless Old World elegance. Des...

A fine French 19th-20th century kingwood and tulipwood marquetry and gilt-bronze mounted vitrine, in the manner of François Linke (1855-1946). The slender single door display cabinet with a red-velvet backing and bowed glass panels surmounted with acanthus and floral gilt-bronze mounts in the style of Léon Messagé (French, 1842-1901), the serpentine shaped front door with an ornate marquetry and ink colored panel depicting wreaths, ribbons and tied acantus leaves, all raised on four cabriolet legs ending with gilt-bronze paw-feet, Paris, circa 1900. Linke was born on 17 June 1855 in the small village of Pankraz, in what is now the Czech Republic. Records show that Linke served an apprenticeship with the master cabinet maker, Neumann, which he completed in 1877. Linke’s work book or Arbeits-Buch records that he was in Vienna from July 1872 to October 1873 at the time of the International Exhibition held there in 1873. He subsequently travelled to Prague, Budapest & Weimar before finally arriving in Paris in 1875. It is documented that he obtained employment with an unknown German cabinetmaker in Paris, and stylistic similarities, photographs and geographical proximity have led some to suggest that Emmanuel Zwiener was the most likely candidate. After a period back in his home town of Pankratz, he returned once and for all to Paris in 1877. In 1878 Paris hosted the third great International Exhibition, a remarkable success for a country ravaged by war only seven years earlier. It is known that the fledgling Linke workshops were active in the Faubourg St. Antoine as early as 1881, during this time he supplied furniture for other more established makers such as Jansen and Krieger. By 1889 another World’s Fair, as they were often referred to in America, took place in Paris. Monsieur Eiffel erected what has become the most iconic building in Paris for the exhibition and the atmosphere of wealth and confidence may well have encouraged Linke to think that he could contribute an important part to the next great exhibition. As early as 1892 this was decreed to take place at the end of the century, in an attempt to pre-empt Berlin from staging the last great show of the century. In 1892, Victor Champier (fr) one of the commissioners for the 1900 Paris Fair had appealed, “Create in the manner of the masters, do not copy what they have made”. It was an appeal against mere reproduction and Linke rose to this challenge in an unparalleled way with his unique display that was to include the Grand Bureau. Determined to outshine the competition at the Exhibition, Linke had set about creating the most ambitious pieces he could envisage, and more extravagant than had ever been displayed before. The items he exhibited marked a transition from the historicist interpretation of Louis XV and Louis XVI styles, an interpretation that was the mainstay of his nearest rivals, to something startlingly new and vital in its immediacy. [6] Together with Léon Messagé he developed a new style for the 1900 Exhibition that paid homage to the Louis XV rococo in the fluidity of its approach, but an approach fused with the lively flowing lines of the contemporary and progressive 'art nouveau'. The Art Journal reported in 1900 on Linke's stand: "The work of M. Linke ... was an example of what can be done by seeking inspiration amongst the classic examples of Louis XV and XVI without in any great sense copying these great works. M. Linke's work was original in the true sense of the word, and as such commended itself to the intelligent seeker after the really artistic things of the Exhibition. Wonderful talent was employed in producing the magnificent pieces of furniture displayed". Linke's stand would have appeared refreshingly new to contemporary onlookers, the traditional designs of the eighteenth century melting seamlessly into an exuberant naturalism. The 'Revue' described Linke's style as 'entièrement nouveaux' and noted "This opinion is universally accepted. Linke's stand is the biggest show in the history of art furniture in the year 1900". It is perhaps the most extraordinary and remarkable aspect of Linke’s personal history that he produced such expensive and luxurious furniture of exquisite quality for the 1900 exhibition without any commission or any potential buyer in mind. [9] At a time when other more established furniture businesses such as those of Beurdeley and Dasson were closing down, he made a huge investment in his stand and the furniture he supplied for it. Linke recognised that to move his business forward he needed to appeal to a more International clientele and the new emerging rich who were at this time amassing fortunes on an unprecedented scale. For this reason he gambled everything he had on his display for the 1900 exhibition. Had this not succeeded he would almost certainly have succumbed to bankruptcy. Linke’s notebook records visitors to his stand from England, Europe, the Americas, Egypt and Japan and including; the King of Sweden, three visits from the King of Belgium, Prince Radziwill, the Prince d’Arenberg, the Comte Alberic du Chastel, Miss Anna May Gould, the American heiress, distinguished furniture makers and the President of France Emile Loubet. This risky endeavour was a resounding success, and with his reputation established, La Maison Linke became the pre-eminent furniture house until outset of the Second World War. The technical brilliance of his work and the artistic change that it represented was never to be repeated. His showrooms expanded into prestigious premises in Paris, in the Place Vendôme as well as the Faubourg St. Antoine where his workshop had been established. He embarked on many important commissions in the years up to the outbreak of the First World War, making and designing furniture for leading international industrialists and bankers. After the 1914-1918 World War, Linke undertook the extraordinary commission to furnish the Ras al-Tin Palace in Alexandria for King Fuad of Egypt, possibly the largest single furniture commission ever conceived, eclipsing even Versailles. Linke flourished and remained active until the middle years of the 1930s and died in 1946 Léon Messagé (1842-1901) was a French sculptor, best known for his sculptural collaboration with François Linke for the 1900 Paris Exposition Universelle. Messagé was also responsible for much of the design and creative work for Roux et Brunet...

This is an impressive 18th century Louis XV Tulipwood and Kingwood commode with a rouge variegated marble top over three long graduated drawers and overall embellished with ornate gi...

A Very Fine French Napoleon III Figural Ormolu and Porcelain (Probably Sevres) Mounted Tulipwood Meuble A Hauteur D'Appui, by Mathieu Befort, dit Befort Jeune. The rectangular shaped...

An 18th Century Louis XV French marquetry bureau de pente, or slant front desk, made with veneers of mahogany, rosewood and tulipwood with oak as a secondary wood. Slant front opens ...

A fine quality Louis XV - XVI Transition style breakfront chest of drawers Exquisitely hand-crafted in Genova, Italy in the mid-20th century, the important Mediterranean port city ...

A very fine French Louis XV style Belle Époque mahogany and tulipwood ormolu-mounted vitrine cabinet with a Brêche violette marble top, attributed to François Linke (1855-1946). The ...

A fine French 19th-20th century Louis XV style gilt bronze-mounted kingwood, amaranth, satinwood and Tulipwood Bois Satiné and Bois de Bout Floral Marquetry - Inlaid - Two-Drawer Com...

This very fine formal transitional commode is of the period circa 1770 is crafted from oak secondary woods with tulipwood, kingwood and satinwood veneers. The break front form is enl...

A pair of Marquetry display cabinets in the transitional manner By Edmund Kahn of London & Paris Constructed from kingwood, with tulipwood, bois satiné and harewood inlays; f...

Elevate an entryway or dining room with this refined Louis XVI–style console table. Crafted in France circa 1870, the piece features a serpentine front and richly veneered rosewood s...

A very fine French, 19th century Louis XVI style ormolu-mounted mahogany and tulip wood commode with a brèche violette marble top, after the model by Jean-Henri Riesener (1734-1806)....

A very fine quality French Louis XVI style gilt bronze ormolu mounted matched kingwood display cabinet / vitrine by the luxurious Parisian furniture maker Maison Krieger (1826-1910) Exquisitely hand-crafted in France in the early 20th century, exceptionally executed in sophisticated King Louis 16th taste, having a dramatically veined marble top, over glazed glass front and side panels, opening to single glass shelf and mirrored back, over ribbed cabinet...

French Regence Style Rosewood Enfilade Sideboard, Marquetry, 1950s. This long four-door enfilade is veneered in rosewood with mirror-matched grain running across the front, framing ...

A fine French 19th-20th century Louis XV style gilt-bronze mounted tulipwood chinoiserie marquetry two-drawer bombé commode with a veined rouge royal marble top. The serpentine shape...

French Louis XV-XVI transitional period commode with lovely marquetry in satinwood, rosewood and tulipwood, Gris Sainte Anne marble top and three drawers. The commode features a cent...

This exquisite sideboard, crafted circa 1790, exemplifies the elegance of the Hepplewhite style, renowned for its graceful lines and refined inlay work. Constructed from mahogany wit...

An exceptional late 18th century French marquetry commode, finely executed and signed by André-Louis Gilbert, one of the most respected Parisian ébénistes of the Louis XVI period. Th...

An Exceptionally Rare Secrétaire à Abattant After the designs of Jean-Henri Riesener for Marie Antoinette By Paul Sormani of Paris Of upright rectangular form with canted corners a...

Louis XV style bombe secretary inlaid marquetry, Ormolu Mounted. Signed Henry Dasson. This 19th century bombe tulipwood secretary is built with superior craftsmanship and intricate ...

A very fine 19th century Louis XVI marquetry inlay secretaire A Abattant by Charles Diehl. Kingwood, satinwood and tulipwood inlay with fine gilt bronze ...