Paper Wall Decorations
to
15,463
27,402
8,379
33,422
1,972
1,342
Height
to
Width
to
3,406
2,255
854
306
270
251
169
143
117
82
40
39
38
37
31
31
26
24
5,472
10,618
17,332
3,314
2,473
7,167
5,134
411
250
729
1,239
1,057
1,603
2,078
2,033
1,391
795
36,736
16,839
14,037
9,604
9,396
13,273
5,630
4,966
4,014
3,199
36,736
35,686
36,674
210
134
133
126
104
Material: Paper
Original Vintage Poster Kreuzeck Bahn Garmisch Partenkirchen Skiing Cable Car
Located in London, GB
Original vintage poster promoting the Kreuzeckbahn Garmisch-Partenkirchen cable car service (opened 1926) in the alps mountain range of Bavaria Germany. Great design depicting a view...
Category
1930s German Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Vintage Print by Edmund Dulac, C.1920
By Edmund Dulac
Located in St Annes, Lancashire
Wonderful image by Edmund Dulac
Tipped in plate onto paper
Lithograph.
Published C.1930
The measurement given is the paper size not the actual coloured printed image.
Free ship...
Category
1920s British Moorish Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Vintage World War Two Poster Fruits Of Victory National Savings WWII
Located in London, GB
Original vintage World War Two poster - To Enjoy the Fruits of Victory Save Now - featuring a countryside illustration From the original by Rowland Hilder (1905-1993) depicting a rur...
Category
1940s Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Large Original Antique Map of Ohio, Usa, C.1900
Located in St Annes, Lancashire
Fabulous map of Ohio
Original color.
Engraved and printed by the George F. Cram Company, Indianapolis.
Published, C.1900.
Unframed.
Free shipping.
Category
1890s American Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Antique Fashion Print Published by La Mode Illustrée, No. 50, 1899
Located in Langweer, NL
A very attractive late 19th century French fashion plate which was published by La Mode Illustrée. La Mode Illustrée was published in Paris in the 19...
Category
Late 19th Century Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$114 Sale Price
20% Off
Original Vintage Advertising Poster New York World's Fair 1939 World Of Tomorrow
Located in London, GB
Original vintage travel advertising poster for the World Fair event held in New York at Flushing Meadows-Corona Park from 30 April 1939 to 31 October 1940. Great Art Deco design by J...
Category
1930s American Art Deco Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Antique Botany Print of a White Cacao Tree by Van Nooten 'circa 1875'
Located in Langweer, NL
Antique print titled 'Theobroma Cacao'. Large lithograph of the white theobroma cacao, also called the cacao tree and the cocoa tree. This print originates from 'Fleurs, fruits et feuillages choisis de la flore et de la pomone de l' Ile de Java peints d'après nature' by Berthe Hoola Van Nooten.
Category
Late 19th Century Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Marc Chagall: The Musée National Message biblique (Exhibition Print)
By Marc Chagall
Located in New York, NY
Original Vintage Exhibition poster by Marc Chagall in 1975 for japan to announce the opening of the Marc Chagall Musée National Message biblique. Printed by Mourlot.
Category
1970s French Modern Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Acrylic, Wood, Paper
Persian Shekastesh Nastaliq Calligraphy Panel
Located in New York, NY
Persian shekastesh nastaliq calligraphy panel. Calligraphy panel with gold and blue borders, handwritten in Farsi with intricate Khatam inlay frame consisting of wood and bone work....
Category
Late 18th Century Persian Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Antique Poster Neuberit Moth Insect Repellent Chameleon Design Insekten
Located in London, GB
Original antique advertising poster for Neuberit moth and insect repellent featuring great artwork depicting a chameleon catching a bug with its tongue above the stylised text box - ...
Category
1920s Austrian Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original London Transport Poster Winter Fun South Bank Embankment TFL Anna Hymas
Located in London, GB
Original London Transport poster - Winter Fun South Bank by Bus, Tube and River - featuring a fun design by Anna Hymas depicting peopl...
Category
2010s British Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Japanese Six Panel Kano School Winter Landscape Screen
Located in Rio Vista, CA
Large Japanese Meiji period six-panel screen depicting a winter landscape with a Chinese sage visiting friends in a country villa. Ink and vivid color pigments on mulberry paper mounted to a gilt background. Painted in the 19th century Kano school...
Category
19th Century Japanese Meiji Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Metal
Picasso Lithographic Poster - "Dibujos de Picasso" - Limited Edition, 1961
Located in Barcelona, Barcelona
Step into the world of modern art with this remarkable 1961 exhibition poster, "Dibujos de Picasso", originally created for the renowned Sala Gaspar gallery. This authentic piece is ...
Category
1960s Spanish Mid-Century Modern Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$2,503 Sale Price
40% Off
Original Antique Travel Poster Cote D'Azur Cap Martin French Riviera PLM Railway
Located in London, GB
Original antique travel poster for La Cote D'Azur & Le Cap Martin issued by the PLM Paris Lyon Mediterranee Railway featuring a scenic coastal view by the landscape artist Julien Lac...
Category
1920s French Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Hoi Lebadang Signed Vietnamese French Lithograph Art Print of Owl
Located in Studio City, CA
A rare and hard to find owl image by Vietnamese born renowned French printmaker / artist Hoi Lebadang.
The print is pencil signed and noted as artist proof in French by the artist...
Category
20th Century French Modern Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Vintage Advertising Poster Leon Houard Fabrique Nationale Motorcycles
Located in London, GB
Original vintage advertising poster for Fabrique Nationale Motorcycles featuring an Art Deco design by the Italian artist Marcello Nizzoli (1887-1969) depicting a motorbike rider as ...
Category
1920s Belgian Art Deco Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
18th Century Sketch titled - Old man and his 3 sons
Located in Malton, GB
This is a particularly nice 18th century sketch of a man with three boys titled - Old man and His 3 sons. This is on the reverse and is attributed to N Langer. This is framed very ni...
Category
Early 18th Century Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Jan Saudek Original Photograph, "Mother & Daughter from Pearl Street", 1992
By Jan Saudek
Located in Delft, NL
Jan Saudek Original Photograph, "Mother & Daughter from Pearl Street", 1992
Original silver gelatin print, photograph by Jan Saudek, Czech photographer, born 1935
Titled in the pho...
Category
20th Century Czech Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Rare Henri Matisse Artwork, Editions du Chene, 1943
Located in Barcelona, Barcelona
Step into the timeless brilliance of Henri Matisse with this extraordinary color cliché, expertly edited by Editions du Chêne in Paris, France, in 1943. Adorned by a stunning solid w...
Category
1940s French Mid-Century Modern Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$2,110 Sale Price
40% Off
20th Century Italian Large Oak Frame Containing Pressed Flowers & Herbs
Located in Royal Tunbridge Wells, Kent
A stunning late 20th Century collection of antique pressed flowers and herbs, each preserved and labeled with handwritten botanical names. Thes...
Category
20th Century Italian Other Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Glass, Oak, Paper
Original Antique Illuminated Print of St Thomas Aquinas. C.1880
Located in St Annes, Lancashire
Wonderful print of St Thomas Aquinas
Illuminated Chromolithograph
Published circa 1880
Unframed.
Free shipping
The measurement is the paper size
Category
1880s English Gothic Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
19th-Century Hand-Coloured Knightly Joust: Ornate Armor & Horses in Action
Located in Langweer, NL
19th-Century Hand-Coloured Knightly Joust: Ornate Armor & Horses in Action
This original hand-coloured lithograph, produced in 1842, offers an intimate glimpse into the splendor of ...
Category
1840s Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$705 Sale Price
20% Off
Sam Francis Web 1972 Artist Proof 4-color Screenprint
By Sam Francis
Located in West Palm Beach, US
4-color Artist Proof Screenprint by Sam Francis pencil signed on the lower right. In white wood and plexiglass frame.
Category
1970s Mid-Century Modern Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$6,800 Sale Price
20% Off
Piet Mondrian: Composition C n°II in Red, Blue, and Yellow Lithography
Located in Barcelona, Barcelona
Piet Mondrian: "Composition C n°II in Red, Blue, and Yellow" - Signed Lithograph, Framed
Acquire an iconic piece of modernism with this lithograph by Piet Mondrian, titled "Composition C n°II in Red, Blue, and Yellow." This 8-color passage lithograph is signed in the plate and marked HC, printed on Arches vellum paper measuring 38.5 x 32 cm. Published by Edition d'Art Henri Piazza, it is based on the eponymous 1935 painting and authenticated by the publisher's dry stamp. The lithograph was printed in an edition of 250 copies, plus a few HC proofs, and is accompanied by the publisher's certificate.
This artwork is in excellent condition, with minor wear consistent with its age and use, preserving a beautiful patina. Dimensions: D 3 cm x W 33 cm x H 40 cm.
Perfect for collectors and art enthusiasts, this Piet Mondrian lithograph...
Category
2010s French Mid-Century Modern Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$1,788 Sale Price / item
40% Off
Intricate Arachnids and Insects: Hand-Colored Engraving Published in 1805
Located in Langweer, NL
Title: Engraving of Arachnids and Insects from Early 19th-Century Natural History Collection
Description:
This detailed engraving, part of an early 19th-century natural history co...
Category
Early 1800s Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$94 Sale Price
20% Off
Three Botany Prints Full Color Original Engravings, 1794
Located in Langweer, NL
Set of 3 antique botany prints. It shows the Scarlet Lychnis, Catesby's Lily and Narrow-Leaved Cyrtanthus. These prints originate from '...
Category
Late 18th Century Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$515 Sale Price / set
20% Off
'The Neophyte', Large Signed Etching by Gustave Doré, 19th Century Antique Print
By Gustave Doré
Located in Bristol, GB
Antique print entitled ‘the neophyte (first experience of the monastery)’ by Gustave Dore, 1832 -1883
A captivating, somewhat creepy and darkly humorous take on someone’s first day r...
Category
19th Century European Gothic Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper, Glass
Vintage Monopoly Game "Park Place" Title Deed Lithograph
Located in San Diego, CA
An extremely hard to find and super cool vintage Monopoly game "Park Place" title deed lithograph in a black metal frame, circa 1970s. The piece ...
Category
Mid-20th Century American Mid-Century Modern Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Vintage Poster, Cognac Otard, Liquor, Diver, Wreck underwater, 1910
Located in SAINT-OUEN-SUR-SEINE, FR
Poster to promote Cognac Otard created in 1910.
Artist: Anonymous
Title: Tomen Cognac Otard Dupuy & Co
Date: circa 1910
Size (w x h): 40.6 x 60.2 x in / 103 x 153 cm
Printer : Imp. ...
Category
1910s French Art Nouveau Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Antique Print of Cairo, Egypt. Dated 1809
Located in St Annes, Lancashire
Wonderful image of Cairo
Fine copper-plate engraving
Published by Sherwood & Co.
Dated 1809
Unframed.
Free shipping
Category
Early 1800s English Moorish Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Antique Japanese Epic Novel Book Edo Period, circa 1820
Located in Barcelona, Barcelona
Antique Japanese epic novel book Edo period, circa 1827
Woodblack print book
Book dimensions: 225 mm x 157 mm
There are damages because it is antique item as we show on the ph...
Category
1920s Japanese Edo Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Vintage Medical Print, Lungs, C.1900
Located in St Annes, Lancashire
Great image of medical interest.
Unframed.
Published, circa 1900.
Category
Early 1900s English Edwardian Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Vintage Propaganda Poster Arriba Espana Go Spain Civil War Call To Arms
Located in London, GB
Original vintage Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) propaganda poster - Arriba Espana / Go Spain - featuring soldiers, workers, farmers, women and children rising up and marching forward ...
Category
1930s Spanish Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
1967 Bob Dylan - Milton Glaser Original Vintage Poster
Located in Winchester, GB
Celebrated graphic designer Milton Glaser was commissioned to create this special poster to package with Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits album in 1966. With Dylan suffering serious injurie...
Category
1960s Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$572 Sale Price
20% Off
Traditional Spanish Paper Fan in a Guilted Frame circa 1930
Located in Barcelona, ES
Traditional Spanish paper fan in a guilted frame circa 1920. Depicting a football scene. In original condition, with minor wear consistent of age and use, preserving a beautiful ...
Category
1930s Spanish Mid-Century Modern Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$363 Sale Price
83% Off
Antique Botanical Engraving of Apple Blossom and Mallow - 1803 Floral Print
Located in Langweer, NL
Antique Botanical Engraving of Apple Blossom and Mallow - 1803 Floral Print by Samuel Curtis
This engraving is from "The Botanical Magazin...
Category
Early 1800s Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$133 Sale Price
20% Off
Original Antique Illuminated Print of St Agatha. C.1880
Located in St Annes, Lancashire
Wonderful print of St Agatha
Illuminated Chromolithograph
Published circa 1880
Unframed.
Free shipping
The measurement is the paper size
Category
1880s English Gothic Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Antique Illuminated Print of St Peter. C.1880
Located in St Annes, Lancashire
Wonderful print of St Peter
Illuminated Chromolithograph
Published circa 1880
Unframed.
Free shipping
The measurement is the paper size
Category
1880s English Gothic Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Antique Prints of 19th Century Japanese Silk Panels, France, 1860
Located in St Annes, Lancashire
Wonderful pair of prints of 19th Century Japanese silk panels
Amazing illuminated gold lustre
Lithographs
Published by A.Morel, Paris, Fra...
Category
1860s English Japonisme Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Cubist Still Life Drawing in Black Charcoal by Vastian – Signed & Framed
Located in Barcelona, ES
A striking Cubist still life drawing by contemporary artist Vastian, executed in deep black charcoal on paper. Created circa 2015, this compo...
Category
2010s Spanish Mid-Century Modern Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$399 Sale Price
77% Off
Original Vintage War Poster Italy Breaks Chains That Suffocate Her WWII Soldier
Located in London, GB
Original vintage Italian World War Two poster featuring a dynamic image of a soldier in uniform breaking a chain with the caption in red reading - l'Italia spezza le catene che la so...
Category
1940s Italian Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Vintage Rail Travel Poster The Algerian South Camel Art Algeria Africa
Located in London, GB
Original vintage travel poster for The Algerian South / Le Sud Algerien featuring a stunning image set in the north Africa desert of a man on a camel with buildings on the horizon, a...
Category
1930s Algerian Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Decorative “Antiqued” French Wallpaper Panels of Monkeys, 'Limited Edition'
Located in Richmond, VA
Great quality and colorful French artists made limited edition wallpaper panels. These panels are printed on recycled French paper then hand glazed and crumpled to give a dramatic antiqued appearance.
Category
2010s French Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Keith Haring Vintage NYC Pop Shop Art Lithograph Poster Dancing Dogs Wolves 1991
By Keith Haring
Located in Studio City, CA
A rare and extremely hard-to-find limited vintage Keith Haring (1958-1990) Pop Art offset lithograph poster featuring one of his more coveted images of two dancing dogs/wolves from a...
Category
1990s American Modern Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Utagawa Kuniyoshi, Antique Woodblock Print, Actor Series, Japan, circa 1847
Located in Chatham, ON
UTAGAWA KUNIYOSHI (1797-1861) - Antique woodblock print - from the actor series - third print only (part of a triptych) - contained in a vintag...
Category
Mid-19th Century Japanese Edo Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Ernest Trova, Recent Sculpture 1967 Hayden Gallery M.I.T. Framed Poster
By Ernest Trova
Located in Clifton Springs, NY
Offset lithograph and silkscreen original poster, published by Pace Editions for Hayden Gallery Massachusetts Institute of Technology exhibition in February-March 1967, features Ern...
Category
1960s American Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
1970 Signed David Lance Goines Art Nouveau Lithograph - Velco Sports Bicycles
Located in Cincinnati, OH
David Lance Goines Art Nouveau Lithograph - Velco Sports Bicycles
1790 Signed with David Lance Goines Mark and Signature.
Berkley CA First Edition.
Small marks on image (see pic).
On...
Category
Mid-20th Century Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$636 Sale Price
20% Off
"Le Havre" Limited Edition Art Print by Christiane Lemieux - 42" X 56"
Located in New York, NY
Introducing "Le Havre", a limited edition, signed and numbered print that captures the renowned landscape of Le Havre bathed in the fiery hues of sunset. This geometric abstract, ali...
Category
2010s American Modern Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Original Antique Illuminated Print of St Joseph. C.1880
Located in St Annes, Lancashire
Wonderful print of St Joseph
Illuminated Chromolithograph
Published circa 1880
Unframed.
Free shipping
The measurement is the paper size
Category
1880s English Gothic Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Mid-century Pop Art Marilyn Monroe Cupid's Bow Print by David Bromley, 1990s
Located in Brooklyn, NY
Born in the UK, David Bromley immigrated with his family as a child to Australia where he still lives. Self-taught, he began his artistic career as a potter, and then, with a focus on painting, became known for his storybook images of his imagined British childhood. These images are the frequent subjects of his large oils on canvas, small embroideries and gorgeous silk screen prints with children playing, skipping, sleeping or at the seaside in boats, as if from the pages of Dick and Jane books...
Category
Late 20th Century Australian Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Vivid Lepidoptera: Hand-Colored 18th-Century Butterfly and Moth Studies
Located in Langweer, NL
This exquisite hand-colored copperplate engraving from Friedrich Johann Bertuch's renowned "Bilderbuch für Kinder" (Picture Book for Children), published in Weimar in 1805, presents ...
Category
Early 1800s Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Fiery Majesty: The Volcano Eruption of Kilauea on Hawaii, 1895
Located in Langweer, NL
The image is an illustration of the Kilauea volcano in Hawaii, as indicated by the German caption "Der Kilauea-Vulkan auf Hawaii (Nach der Natur)" which translates to "The Kilauea Vo...
Category
Late 19th Century Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$228 Sale Price
20% Off
Original Antique Travel Poster Deauville Normandy Art Deco Riviera France J Don
Located in London, GB
Original vintage travel poster for Deauville featuring a great design by Jean Don (1900-1985) depicting a lady holding a bouquet of red flowers with fruit trees and a classic car dri...
Category
1920s French Art Deco Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
19th-Century Hand-Coloured Lithograph of a Multi-Level Medieval Siege Tower
Located in Langweer, NL
19th-Century Hand-Coloured Lithograph of a Multi-Level Medieval Siege Tower
This impressive hand-coloured lithograph features a detailed depiction of a multi-level medieval siege ...
Category
1840s Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
ARTIST'S STRIPE Wallpaper - Euphorbia & Alabaster
Located in New York, NY
Make an understated statement with the perfectly imperfect ARTIST’S STRIPE. With hand-painted stripes in a vibrant green against a backdrop of grounding plaster pink, this is the per...
Category
21st Century and Contemporary Swedish Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Restored Vintage 1949 Rattan Framed Crane Barkcloth Fabric Sample by Spectrum
Located in Van Nuys, CA
This framed crane barkcloth fabric sample, produced by the Spectrum company around 1949, served as a showcase of mid-century design aesthetics. Displayed in rattan showrooms across t...
Category
1940s American Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$227 Sale Price
35% Off
1966 Man Ray - Los Angeles County Museum of Art Original Vintage Poster
By Man Ray
Located in Winchester, GB
Gorgeous poster promoting Man Ray's solo exhibition at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. The exhibition opened on October 26th 1966 and featured many of the artists paintings and...
Category
1960s American Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$721 Sale Price
20% Off
Joan Miro Life and Work by Jacques Dupin, 1st Ed
Located in valatie, NY
Joan Miro Life and Work by Jacques Dupin. Published by Harry N. Abrams, 1962, New York. 1st Ed hardcover with Brodart covered dust jacket. A Catalogue Raisonne of Miro's paintings from 1914-1961. 596pp. 1158 illustrations, including 46 color hand-tipped plates...
Category
1960s American Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
'Air France Paris' Original Vintage Travel Poster by Bernard Villemot, 1967
Located in Devon, GB
Air France commissioned French artist Bernard Villemot to design this dazzling poster to promote tourism to Paris in 1967. Primarily printed in blue and green, the painterly design f...
Category
1960s French Modern Vintage Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
Scholar of the Arts: The Medieval Academic, 1847
Located in Langweer, NL
Title: "Scholar of the Arts: The Medieval Academic"
Description: This print illustrates a learned individual, likely a doctor of the arts or a scholar, from the medieval period. The...
Category
1840s Antique Paper Wall Decorations
Materials
Paper
$114 Sale Price
20% Off
Read More
Whether Painted or Papered, Muraled Walls Make Bold Statements in the Home
The ancient practice of covering walls in artistic scenery is back.
In Francks Deceus’s ‘Mumbo Jumbo #5,’ the Black Experience Is . . . Complicated
Despite the obstacles, the piece’s protagonist navigates the chaos without losing his humanity.
12 Floral-Accented Rooms with a Handmade, Folkloric Feel
Who needs a flower garden? Just use your imagination — and some beautifully patterned wallpaper or fabric — to bring the outdoors in.
This Wolf Kahn Pastel Is the Epitome of Beauty at Its Most Essential
A longtime admirer of Kahn’s work, 1stDibs editorial director Anthony Barzilay Freund explores why it’s relevant now more than ever.
Why Jules Chéret Was the King of the Modern Poster
The streets of fin-de-siècle Paris were set aglow with colorful poster ads, thanks to the printing techniques invented by Jules Chéret. Now, the Milwaukee Art Museum is celebrating this undersung talent in America's first solo show dedicated his exuberant works.
Anna Condo’s Multifaceted Career Spans Film, Photography and NFTs
From her historic Manhattan townhouse, the talented creator and curator of 1stDibs' latest NFT exhibition tells us about the art in her home and how she got involved with cryptoart.
How Keith Rivers Went from NFL Linebacker to Blue-Chip Art Aficionado
The former football player is as serious about becoming a great contemporary-art patron as he once was about making tackles. Here, Rivers tells us how he got the collecting bug and how his tastes have evolved over the years.
More Than Ever, the Female Design Council Is Embracing Funked-Up Creativity
The organization's "Womxn’s History Month" collection celebrates female-identified creators pushing the boundaries of technique and material.