John Baker Smith

The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw sweeping social change and major scientific advances — both of which contributed to a new aesthetic: modernism. Rejecting the rigidity of Victorian artistic conventions, modernists sought a new means of expression. References to the natural world and ornate classical embellishments gave way to the sleek simplicity of the Machine Age. Architect Philip Johnson characterized the hallmarks of modernism as “machine-like simplicity, smoothness or surface [and] avoidance of ornament.”

Early practitioners of modernist design include the De Stijl (“The Style”) group, founded in the Netherlands in 1917, and the Bauhaus School, founded two years later in Germany.

Followers of both groups produced sleek, spare designs — many of which became icons of daily life in the 20th century. The modernists rejected both natural and historical references and relied primarily on industrial materials such as metal, glass, plywood, and, later, plastics. While Bauhaus principals Marcel Breuer and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe created furniture from mass-produced, chrome-plated steel, American visionaries like Charles and Ray Eames worked in materials as novel as molded plywood and fiberglass. Today, Breuer’s Wassily chair, Mies van der Rohe’s Barcelona chair — crafted with his romantic partner, designer Lilly Reich — and the Eames lounge chair are emblems of progressive design and vintage originals are prized cornerstones of collections.

It’s difficult to overstate the influence that modernism continues to wield over designers and architects — and equally difficult to overstate how revolutionary it was when it first appeared a century ago. But because modernist furniture designs are so simple, they can blend in seamlessly with just about any type of décor. Don’t overlook them.

Picture frames have the distinct role of presenting artwork in your home. A good frame can elevate the appearance of a fine oil painting or provocative fine-art photograph. From ornate handcrafted designs to streamlined wooden styles, some antique, new and vintage picture frames have become stand-alone pieces of art on their own.

Frames were originally a part of paintings themselves before they were separate structures carved from walnut and other woods for use with items like portrait paintings and mirrors. The design of frames evolved in Renaissance-era Italy, where an artist might create his own gilded or painted frame. Today, there are all kinds of picture frames made from a variety of materials, including silver, bronze and acrylic.

Displaying art in the home is an art in and of itself, and trends and new art movements have dictated how picture frames have been integrated into home interiors over the years. When Abstract Expressionist art emerged during the 1930s, for example, collectors utilized minimalist frames to hang abstract works or dispensed with frames entirely. Today, mixing mediums and frame designs make for endless combinations, but knowing how to arrange wall art can help even if you’re feeling adventurous.

Whether it’s a dark wood frame for your landscape paintings, a sleek chrome mid-century modern frame to show off your black-and-white photography or a bold Art Deco frame that might completely outshine its subject, find an extensive collection of antique, new and vintage picture frames on 1stDibs.