Large American Holophane Pendant Lights, circa 1920s

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Large American Holophane Pendant Lights, circa 1920s

About the Item

Large American Holophane pendant lights circa 1920s - Price is per light (2 available) - Prismatic glass - Stepped copper galleries - Takes E27 fitting bulbs - Made by Holophane - American ~ 1920s - 32cm wide x 40cm tall Holphane In 1893, the French engineer and physicist André-Eugène Blondel (1863-1938), with the help of a Greek engineer, Spyridon Psaroudaki, invented the prismatic lens lampshade, and started the Holophane Company of France, the word Holophane coming from the Greek 'holos' for whole, and 'phane' for light. The Holophane lampshade gave an even light by using the principle of a Fresnel lighthouse lens, the invention of which is credited to Augustin-Jean Fresnel (1788-1827), a scientist and French commissioner for lighthouses, and was first used in 1823 at Cordouan in the Gironde estuary. Borosilicate glass was used, also known as Pyrex, which has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion making the lampshade very resistant to thermal shock and stress. In 1896 a British company licensed Holophane's patent and started Holophane Ltd in the UK. In 1898 American businessman Otis Mygatt bought Holophane Ltd and started the Holophane Glass Company Inc, New York. At the outset, neither the USA nor UK company could manufacture the glass, so they started simply by marketing and selling the French product. In 1902, Otis Mygatt arranged for Heisey Glasswork Co in Newark, Ohio, to start production of Holophane lampshades, which it continued to do until 1997. Mygatt's initiative came at a time when U.S. industry needed strong and efficient factory lighting to make night shifts possible and enable workers to fabricate precise parts requiring brightly lit conditions. In 1906 Holophane established the Illuminating Engineering Society to advance scientific lighting, a role it played into the 1990s. For its English branch, Otis Mygatt teamed up with a French entrepreneur, Mr. Froget, specialising in the manufacture of moulds for the rubber industry to create a company in 1920 in Paris for the manufacture of moulds for glass which, by 1921, was producing lampshades in a glass plant in Les Andelys, between Rouen and Paris, where Holophane SA is still located. Holophane comprised a U.S. entity, Holophane Glass Co Inc, with its own means of production for products in the United States, the UK Holophane Limited, with a worldwide sales territory excluding only the United States, without means of production, the Société Anonyme Holophane or Holophane SA, located on Boulevard Haussmann in Paris, which managed the production at the English-owned factory in Les Andelys. Condition Report Fully re wired with modern electrical components, no major chips or cracks to the glass.

Creator:
Holophane (Manufacturer)
Dimensions:
Height: 15.75 in (40 cm)Width: 12.6 in (32 cm)Depth: 12.6 in (32 cm)
Style:
Art Deco (Of the Period)
Materials and Techniques:
Cut Glass
Place of Origin:
United States
Period:
1920-1929
Date of Manufacture:
1920
Condition:
Rewired.
Seller Location:
Gloucester, GB
Reference Number:
1stDibs: LU3796319894542