Caracalla, An 18th Century Drawing Attributed Drawing to Johan Tobias Sergel

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Caracalla, An 18th Century Drawing Attributed Drawing to Johan Tobias Sergel
18th century

About the Item

An 18th century study drawing of a bust depicting Caracalla, possibly executed by Johan Tobias Sergel during his Roman period. Red chalk on paper with watermarks, (drawing without frame 49 x 39 cm) , mounted in a Gustavian frame, probably original, woodcut decoration and original gilding. LITERATURE: Oscar Antonsson: Sergel's youth and Roman times, Stockholm 1942, page 103; "Furthermore, Sergel mentions the Palazzo Farnesse with the Carracci frescoes, which he would soon study in detail, and un beau buste de Carracala". During the years 1767-1778, Johan Tobias Sergel was on a study trip in Italy with a state scholarship. During the period, Sergel made a large number of study drawings with motifs of ancient models as well as Renaissance works. In Oscar Antonsson's monograph on Sergel, it appears that the artist saw a beautiful bust of Caracalla in Rome. Johan Tobias Sergel (1740 - 1814) was a renowned Swedish neoclassical sculptor during the end of 18th century and the early 19th century. After studying in Paris, he went to Rome where he stayed for twelve years and sculpted a number of groups in marble. It was in Rome also that he modelled the statue of King Gustav III, subsequently cast in bronze and purchased by the city of Stockholm in 1796. While primarily a sculptor, Sergel also drew sequential picture stories, an early form of comic strip. Summoned by King Gustav III, Sergel returned to Stockholm in 1779 and continued to work there. Among the monuments he created at this time are a tomb for Gustav Vasa. He was an important part of the artistic elite in Stockholm. Among his works in the Swedish Nationalmuseum in Stockholm are his monumental sculptures "Diomedes Stealing the Palladium", "The Muse of History Recording the Deeds of Gustavus Adolphus", and a "Bust of Gustavus III". Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (188 – 217AD), better known by his nickname Caracalla was Roman emperor from 198 to 217 AD. Proclaimed co-ruler by his father in 198, he reigned jointly with his brother Geta, co-emperor from 209, after their father's death in 211. His brother was murdered by the Praetorian Guard later that year under orders from Caracalla, who then reigned afterwards as sole ruler of the Roman Empire. Caracalla's reign became notable for the Antonine Constitution also known as the Edict of Caracalla, which granted Roman citizenship to all free men throughout the Roman Empire. The edict gave all the enfranchised men Caracalla's adopted praenomen and nomen: "Marcus Aurelius". Domestically, Caracalla became known for the construction of the Baths of Caracalla, which became the second-largest baths in Rome; for the introduction of a new Roman currency named the antoninianus, a sort of double denarius; and for the massacres he ordered, both in Rome and elsewhere in the empire. In 216, Caracalla began a campaign against the Parthian Empire. He did not see this campaign through to completion due to his assassination by a disaffected soldier in 217. Macrinus succeeded him as emperor three days later. The ancient sources portray Caracalla as a tyrant and as a cruel leader, an image that has survived into modernity. Geoffrey of Monmouth started the legend of Caracalla's role as king of Britain. Later, in the 18th century, the works of French painters revived images of Caracalla due to apparent parallels between Caracalla's tyranny and that ascribed to king Louis XVI.

Attributed to:
Johan Tobias Sergel (1740 - 1814, Swedish)
Creation Year:
18th century
Dimensions:
Height: 22.64 in (57.5 cm)Width: 19.3 in (49 cm)Depth: 0.99 in (2.5 cm)
Medium:
Paper
Movement & Style:
Old Masters
Period:
17th Century
Condition:
Gallery Location:
Stockholm, SE
Reference Number:
1stDibs: LU2608212969612

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