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Virgil Solis'Agony in the Garden' Renaissance woodcut print by Virgil Solis after Dürer1552
1552
About the Item
This woodcut print, depicting the 'Agony in the Garden,' is a rare image coming from a small passional. A passional is a common kind of devotional text for the layperson describing the suffering of saints and martyrs, the Passion of Christ, and readings for holidays and feast days. For this early printed text, Solis made forty woodcut illustrations after the compositions from Albrecht Dürer's 'Small Passion' series. The passional for which these prints were made was presumably influenced by the vast cultural and religious changes surrounding the Protestant reformation, especially the work of Martin Luther.
'Agony in the Garden' is an important moment in the Passion narrative which appears in all four of the gospels. It describes the moment when Christ prayed to God the Father in the garden of Gethsemane while his apostles slept. This illustration seems to describe the account of Luke, which in the twenty-second chapter. Luke wrote that Christ said a prayer three times, checking on the three apostles between each prayer and finding them asleep. He commented: "The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak". An angel came from heaven to strengthen him. During his agony as he prayed: "His sweat was, as it were, great drops of blood falling down upon the ground."
woodcut in black on cream wove paper
from a small passional
copy in reverse after Albrecht Dürer
printed by Valentin Geissler in Nuremberg after 1552
4.75 x 3.25 inches, sheet
14.63 x 13 inches, frame
monogram VS in the block, lower left
collector's stamp of Antoine Vivenel (French, 1799–1862) in red ink, lower left (Lugt L.190)
overall good and stable condition; some signs of discoloration and old restoration; restored losses upper right and left corners; restored tear lower right corner; margins cut to image; mounted to lining paper
presented in a gold leaf moulding, mounted on cream matboard and protected behind glass; framed to conservation standards using archival materials
With an output of over 2,000 prints and drawings, Virgil Solis was one of Nuremberg's most prolific printmakers and book illustrators. His origins and training are unclear, though his father may have been a painter. He became a master in 1539 and often signed himself as a painter, but no evidence of that career exists.
Solis aimed to produce popular, commercially successful prints on many subjects and regularly borrowed figures and compositions from German and Italian masters. His early drawing style employed strong outlines and simple hatching. He made over two hundred woodcuts illustrating biblical stories plus decorative elements, published in eleven editions between 1562 and 1606.
Solis also disseminated contemporary ornamental forms to artisans, who often used his prints as models for furniture decoration, architectural friezes, pitchers, bowls, sword scabbards, and jewelry. His mixtures of animal and vegetable forms on drinking vessel designs helped to break many goldsmiths' strict adherence to classical motifs. Solis's monogram signature came to mean only that prints originated in his workshop, rather than identifying his own designs. Later owners printed his woodblocks and plates well into the 1650s.
(Biography via the Getty Museum, Los Angeles)
- Creator:Virgil Solis (1514 - 1562, German)
- Creation Year:1552
- Dimensions:Height: 14.63 in (37.17 cm)Width: 13 in (33.02 cm)
- Medium:
- Movement & Style:
- Period:
- Condition:overall good and stable condition; some signs of discoloration and old restoration; restored losses upper right and left corners; restored tear lower right corner; margins cut to image; mounted to lining paper.
- Gallery Location:Milwaukee, WI
- Reference Number:
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