Jean-Pierre Cassigneul Art

Jean-Pierre Cassigneul b.1935 French Ciel incertain (Uncertain Sky) Signed “Cassigneul” (lower left) Oil on canvas This exquisite painting by Jean-Pierre Cassigneul, titled Ciel ...

Jean-Pierre Cassigneul b.1935 French L'Hortensia (The Hortensia) Signed “Cassigneul” (lower right) Oil on canvas Jean Pierre Cassigneul’s L'Hortensia captures an elegant woman se...

This art work titled "La Conversation" 1991 is an original color lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is h...

"Sur la Plage" signed Jean-Pierre Cassigneul. Framed oil on canvas. Canvas 32" h x 23.5" w. Frame is hand carved and gilded. Cassigneul is a French painter known for his serene portr...

One of a Kind elegant genre painter of an elegant woman in a garden with vase of Lillies by Cassigneul

Jean-Pierre Cassigneul was born in 1935 and first exhibited his work at age 17. He went on to participate in various group exhibitions, including the Salon d’Automne in Paris, the Sa...

A very rare composition by the artist Jean-Pierre Cassigneul, the woman holds a beautiful Bouquet of Roses by the artist, she is wearing a chapeau in front of a painting showing th...

Jean-Pierre Cassigneul is arguably France’s most popular and revered contemporary figurative painter. Since his birth, the artist has been immersed in the world of feminine beauty an...

This watercolor has a photo certificate signed by the artist and will be included in his future catalogue raisonne. This has a complete subject compared to other drawings consisting...

This art work titled "Lise" 1991 is an original color lithograph on Arches paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and numbered 300/300 in pencil by the artist.. The image size is 10.75 x 19.75 inches, framed size is 24,5 x 32.5 inches. Custom framed in a wooden gold leaf frame, with fabric matting and gold color spacer. It is in excellent condition. About the artist: Jean-Pierre Cassigneul is a French painter known for his serene portraits of women in hats that recall the French Post-Impressionist avant-garde, including the works of Pierre Bonnard and Edouard Vuillard. He was born on July 13, 1935, in Paris. He studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and went on to exhibit in various group exhibitions, including the Salon d' Automne in Paris (of which he was member), the Salon de la Jeune Peinture, He exhibited at the Beaubourg Center in Paris in 1977 and solo as of 1952, on a regular basis in France but also in New York, and Tokyo and worldwide Jean PierreCassigneul is known for his charming and extremely popular Van Dongen-influenced paintings of women in floral hats, complete with frequent allusions to other aspects of the Années Folles. 1952 First private exhibition at the Galerie Lucy Kroge in Paris aged 17. 1954 Enters into the Académie Charpentier and then decides to study under Jean Souverbie at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Paris. 1955 He passes his entrance exam a year later and enrolls at the "Ecole Nationale Superieure" des Beaux-Arts de Paris. Works in Chapelain-Midy’s studio. 1958 First exhibition at the Galerie des Beaux-Arts. 1959 Appointed member of the Salon d’Automne. 1956–1960 Instructed by the French painter Roger Chapelain-Midy. 1963 Present at the Salon de la Jeune Peinture for the first time. 1964 Private exhibition at the Galerie Tivey-Faucon, Paris. Meets Kiyoshi Tamenaga, who becomes his art dealer for Japan. 1965 Creation of his first lithographic works. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1966 Present at the International Exhibition of Figurative Art, Tokyo. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1968 Exhibition at the Galerie Juarez in Palm Beach, USA. Private exhibition at la Galerie Vital, Paris. 1969 Exhibition of lithographic works at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1970 January : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, Palm Beach, then in New York. First trip to Japan, where he stays for three months. Important private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1973 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery in Palm Beach, then in New York. Private exhibition at the Tamenaga Gallery, Tokyo. Meets art publisher Alain Mazo. 1974 Private exhibition at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris, then in New York. 1975 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. 1976 Private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. Publication of the album “Parcs” by Editions Mazo-Paris. 1977 June : Private exhibition at the Galerie René Kieffer, Paris Private show of paintings and pastels at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris. 1978 Retrospective exhibition of lithographic works at Vision Nouvelle. June-July : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. Important private showat the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1980 Designs his first tapestry, executed by Atelier 3...

This art work titled "Les Amoureux sur ub Banc" c.1980 is an original colors lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and numb...

Jean-Pierre Cassigneul At Terrace, 1989 Pencil, color pencil and watercolour on paper Signed and dated lower right Image size 46 x 36.3 cm Frame size 68.5 x 54.5 x 2.5 cm A COA sign...

Jean-Pierre Cassigneul The white sailing boat, 1975 Lithograph Edition 38/160 lower left Hand Signed lower right Image size: 65.5 x 50 cm Sheet...

*PLEASE NOTE UK BUYERS WILL ONLY PAY 5% VAT ON THIS PURCHASE. Femme au bord de la mer by Jean-Pierre Cassigneul (b. 1935) Oil on canvas 92 x 65 cm (36 ¹/₄ x 25 ⁵/₈ inches) Signed lo...

It is a perfect portrait., the background does not conflict with the portrait. Great detail by the artist instead of being sparse.

This art work titled "Murmures" 1989 is an original color lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and inscribed E.A (Artist Proof) in pencil by the artist. Referenced and pictured in the artist's catalogue raisonne by Mazo. plate #31. The image size is 23.80 x 30 inches, framed size is 39.25 x 44.5 inches. Custom framed in a wooden gold frame, with fabric matting and gold color spacer. It is in excellent condition. About the artist: Jean-Pierre Cassigneul is a French painter known for his serene portraits of women in hats that recall the French Post-Impressionist avant-garde, including the works of Pierre Bonnard and Edouard Vuillard. He was born on July 13, 1935, in Paris. He studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and went on to exhibit in various group exhibitions, including the Salon d' Automne in Paris (of which he was member), the Salon de la Jeune Peinture, He exhibited at the Beaubourg Center in Paris in 1977 and solo as of 1952, on a regular basis in France but also in New York, and Tokyo and worldwide Jean PierreCassigneul is known for his charming and extremely popular Van Dongen-influenced paintings of women in floral hats, complete with frequent allusions to other aspects of the Années Folles. 1952 First private exhibition at the Galerie Lucy Kroge in Paris aged 17. 1954 Enters into the Académie Charpentier and then decides to study under Jean Souverbie at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Paris. 1955 He passes his entrance exam a year later and enrolls at the "Ecole Nationale Superieure" des Beaux-Arts de Paris. Works in Chapelain-Midy’s studio. 1958 First exhibition at the Galerie des Beaux-Arts. 1959 Appointed member of the Salon d’Automne. 1956–1960 Instructed by the French painter Roger Chapelain-Midy. 1963 Present at the Salon de la Jeune Peinture for the first time. 1964 Private exhibition at the Galerie Tivey-Faucon, Paris. Meets Kiyoshi Tamenaga, who becomes his art dealer for Japan. 1965 Creation of his first lithographic works. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1966 Present at the International Exhibition of Figurative Art, Tokyo. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1968 Exhibition at the Galerie Juarez in Palm Beach, USA. Private exhibition at la Galerie Vital, Paris. 1969 Exhibition of lithographic works at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1970 January : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, Palm Beach, then in New York. First trip to Japan, where he stays for three months. Important private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1973 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery in Palm Beach, then in New York. Private exhibition at the Tamenaga Gallery, Tokyo. Meets art publisher Alain Mazo. 1974 Private exhibition at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris, then in New York. 1975 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. 1976 Private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. Publication of the album “Parcs” by Editions Mazo-Paris. 1977 June : Private exhibition at the Galerie René Kieffer, Paris Private show of paintings and pastels at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris. 1978 Retrospective exhibition of lithographic works at Vision Nouvelle. June-July : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. Important private showat the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1980 Designs his first tapestry, executed by Atelier 3...

Le Tennis is a beautiful large painting by the artist and painted painted in 1981. The artist has one of the paintings in his own collection and was happy to hear when we acquired t...

This art work titled "Les Fausses Confidences" 1988 is an original color lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and inscribe...

This art work titled "Le Lac du Bois de Boulogne" 1991 is an original color lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and numbe...

This art work titled "Femme a l'Ombrelle" 1972 is an original color lithograph on Arches paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and numbered 29/150 in pencil by the artist. Referenced and pictured in the artist's catalogue raisonne by Sauret plate #42. The image size is 22.25 x 16 inches, framed size is 36.15 x 28.25 inches. Custom framed in a wooden gold leaf frame, with fabric matting and gold color spacer. It is in excellent condition. About the artist: Jean-Pierre Cassigneul is a French painter known for his serene portraits of women in hats that recall the French Post-Impressionist avant-garde, including the works of Pierre Bonnard and Edouard Vuillard. He was born on July 13, 1935, in Paris. He studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and went on to exhibit in various group exhibitions, including the Salon d' Automne in Paris (of which he was member), the Salon de la Jeune Peinture, He exhibited at the Beaubourg Center in Paris in 1977 and solo as of 1952, on a regular basis in France but also in New York, and Tokyo and worldwide Jean PierreCassigneul is known for his charming and extremely popular Van Dongen-influenced paintings of women in floral hats, complete with frequent allusions to other aspects of the Années Folles. 1952 First private exhibition at the Galerie Lucy Kroge in Paris aged 17. 1954 Enters into the Académie Charpentier and then decides to study under Jean Souverbie at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Paris. 1955 He passes his entrance exam a year later and enrolls at the "Ecole Nationale Superieure" des Beaux-Arts de Paris. Works in Chapelain-Midy’s studio. 1958 First exhibition at the Galerie des Beaux-Arts. 1959 Appointed member of the Salon d’Automne. 1956–1960 Instructed by the French painter Roger Chapelain-Midy. 1963 Present at the Salon de la Jeune Peinture for the first time. 1964 Private exhibition at the Galerie Tivey-Faucon, Paris. Meets Kiyoshi Tamenaga, who becomes his art dealer for Japan. 1965 Creation of his first lithographic works. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1966 Present at the International Exhibition of Figurative Art, Tokyo. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1968 Exhibition at the Galerie Juarez in Palm Beach, USA. Private exhibition at la Galerie Vital, Paris. 1969 Exhibition of lithographic works at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1970 January : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, Palm Beach, then in New York. First trip to Japan, where he stays for three months. Important private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1973 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery in Palm Beach, then in New York. Private exhibition at the Tamenaga Gallery, Tokyo. Meets art publisher Alain Mazo. 1974 Private exhibition at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris, then in New York. 1975 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. 1976 Private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. Publication of the album “Parcs” by Editions Mazo-Paris. 1977 June : Private exhibition at the Galerie René Kieffer, Paris Private show of paintings and pastels at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris. 1978 Retrospective exhibition of lithographic works at Vision Nouvelle. June-July : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. Important private showat the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1980 Designs his first tapestry, executed by Atelier 3...

This art work titled "La Douceur du Printemps" 1991 is an original color lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and inscribe...

This painting has clean clear lines, great detail, a great period for the artist and the artist turns 90 later this year. " Model in the artists studio" is reproduced in his recent ...

This art work titled "La Lettre" 1990 is an original color lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and Inscribed E.A. (Epreuve d'Artist) in pencil by the artist. Referenced and pictured in the artist's catalogue raisonne by Mazo. plate #23. The image size is 29.75 x 22 inches, framed size is 42.5 x 32.75 inches. Custom framed in a wooden silver frame, with fabric matting and silver color spacer. It is in excellent condition. Please note that the color of the frame on picture #1 is more gold that it is in reality, refer to picture # 7 for exact color. About the artist: Jean-Pierre Cassigneul is a French painter known for his serene portraits of women in hats that recall the French Post-Impressionist avant-garde, including the works of Pierre Bonnard and Edouard Vuillard. He was born on July 13, 1935, in Paris. He studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and went on to exhibit in various group exhibitions, including the Salon d' Automne in Paris (of which he was member), the Salon de la Jeune Peinture, He exhibited at the Beaubourg Center in Paris in 1977 and solo as of 1952, on a regular basis in France but also in New York, and Tokyo and worldwide Jean PierreCassigneul is known for his charming and extremely popular Van Dongen-influenced paintings of women in floral hats, complete with frequent allusions to other aspects of the Années Folles. 1952 First private exhibition at the Galerie Lucy Kroge in Paris aged 17. 1954 Enters into the Académie Charpentier and then decides to study under Jean Souverbie at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Paris. 1955 He passes his entrance exam a year later and enrolls at the "Ecole Nationale Superieure" des Beaux-Arts de Paris. Works in Chapelain-Midy’s studio. 1958 First exhibition at the Galerie des Beaux-Arts. 1959 Appointed member of the Salon d’Automne. 1956–1960 Instructed by the French painter Roger Chapelain-Midy. 1963 Present at the Salon de la Jeune Peinture for the first time. 1964 Private exhibition at the Galerie Tivey-Faucon, Paris. Meets Kiyoshi Tamenaga, who becomes his art dealer for Japan. 1965 Creation of his first lithographic works. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1966 Present at the International Exhibition of Figurative Art, Tokyo. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1968 Exhibition at the Galerie Juarez in Palm Beach, USA. Private exhibition at la Galerie Vital, Paris. 1969 Exhibition of lithographic works at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1970 January : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, Palm Beach, then in New York. First trip to Japan, where he stays for three months. Important private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1973 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery in Palm Beach, then in New York. Private exhibition at the Tamenaga Gallery, Tokyo. Meets art publisher Alain Mazo. 1974 Private exhibition at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris, then in New York. 1975 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. 1976 Private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. Publication of the album “Parcs” by Editions Mazo-Paris. 1977 June : Private exhibition at the Galerie René Kieffer, Paris Private show of paintings and pastels at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris. 1978 Retrospective exhibition of lithographic works at Vision Nouvelle. June-July : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. Important private showat the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1980 Designs his first tapestry, executed by Atelier 3...

This art work titled "Le Lac du Bois de Boulogne" 1991 is an original color lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and numbered 7/200 in pencil by the artist. The image size is 34 x 23.5 inches, sheet size is 39 x 27.75 inches. It is in excellent condition, has never been framed. About the artist: Jean-Pierre Cassigneul is a French painter known for his serene portraits of women in hats that recall the French Post-Impressionist avant-garde, including the works of Pierre Bonnard and Edouard Vuillard. He was born on July 13, 1935, in Paris. He studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and went on to exhibit in various group exhibitions, including the Salon d' Automne in Paris (of which he was member), the Salon de la Jeune Peinture, He exhibited at the Beaubourg Center in Paris in 1977 and solo as of 1952, on a regular basis in France but also in New York, and Tokyo and worldwide Jean PierreCassigneul is known for his charming and extremely popular Van Dongen-influenced paintings of women in floral hats, complete with frequent allusions to other aspects of the Années Folles. 1952 First private exhibition at the Galerie Lucy Kroge in Paris aged 17. 1954 Enters into the Académie Charpentier and then decides to study under Jean Souverbie at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Paris. 1955 He passes his entrance exam a year later and enrolls at the "Ecole Nationale Superieure" des Beaux-Arts de Paris. Works in Chapelain-Midy’s studio. 1958 First exhibition at the Galerie des Beaux-Arts. 1959 Appointed member of the Salon d’Automne. 1956–1960 Instructed by the French painter Roger Chapelain-Midy. 1963 Present at the Salon de la Jeune Peinture for the first time. 1964 Private exhibition at the Galerie Tivey-Faucon, Paris. Meets Kiyoshi Tamenaga, who becomes his art dealer for Japan. 1965 Creation of his first lithographic works. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1966 Present at the International Exhibition of Figurative Art, Tokyo. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1968 Exhibition at the Galerie Juarez in Palm Beach, USA. Private exhibition at la Galerie Vital, Paris. 1969 Exhibition of lithographic works at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1970 January : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, Palm Beach, then in New York. First trip to Japan, where he stays for three months. Important private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1973 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery in Palm Beach, then in New York. Private exhibition at the Tamenaga Gallery, Tokyo. Meets art publisher Alain Mazo. 1974 Private exhibition at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris, then in New York. 1975 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. 1976 Private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. Publication of the album “Parcs” by Editions Mazo-Paris. 1977 June : Private exhibition at the Galerie René Kieffer, Paris Private show of paintings and pastels at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris. 1978 Retrospective exhibition of lithographic works at Vision Nouvelle. June-July : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. Important private showat the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1980 Designs his first tapestry, executed by Atelier 3...

This art work titled "Paroles Dans un Parc (Words in the Park)" 1989 is an original color lithograph on Arches paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and inscribed E.A. (Artist Proof in French) in pencil by the artist. The image size is 22.15 x 30.25 inches, sheet size is 24.75 x 32.85 inches. It is in excellent condition, has never been framed. About the artist: Jean-Pierre Cassigneul is a French painter known for his serene portraits of women in hats that recall the French Post-Impressionist avant-garde, including the works of Pierre Bonnard and Edouard Vuillard. He was born on July 13, 1935, in Paris. He studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and went on to exhibit in various group exhibitions, including the Salon d' Automne in Paris (of which he was member), the Salon de la Jeune Peinture, He exhibited at the Beaubourg Center in Paris in 1977 and solo as of 1952, on a regular basis in France but also in New York, and Tokyo and worldwide Jean PierreCassigneul is known for his charming and extremely popular Van Dongen-influenced paintings of women in floral hats, complete with frequent allusions to other aspects of the Années Folles. 1952 First private exhibition at the Galerie Lucy Kroge in Paris aged 17. 1954 Enters into the Académie Charpentier and then decides to study under Jean Souverbie at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Paris. 1955 He passes his entrance exam a year later and enrolls at the "Ecole Nationale Superieure" des Beaux-Arts de Paris. Works in Chapelain-Midy’s studio. 1958 First exhibition at the Galerie des Beaux-Arts. 1959 Appointed member of the Salon d’Automne. 1956–1960 Instructed by the French painter Roger Chapelain-Midy. 1963 Present at the Salon de la Jeune Peinture for the first time. 1964 Private exhibition at the Galerie Tivey-Faucon, Paris. Meets Kiyoshi Tamenaga, who becomes his art dealer for Japan. 1965 Creation of his first lithographic works. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1966 Present at the International Exhibition of Figurative Art, Tokyo. Exhibition at the Galerie Bellechasse, Paris. 1968 Exhibition at the Galerie Juarez in Palm Beach, USA. Private exhibition at la Galerie Vital, Paris. 1969 Exhibition of lithographic works at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1970 January : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, Palm Beach, then in New York. First trip to Japan, where he stays for three months. Important private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1973 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery in Palm Beach, then in New York. Private exhibition at the Tamenaga Gallery, Tokyo. Meets art publisher Alain Mazo. 1974 Private exhibition at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris, then in New York. 1975 Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. 1976 Private exhibition at the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. Publication of the album “Parcs” by Editions Mazo-Paris. 1977 June : Private exhibition at the Galerie René Kieffer, Paris Private show of paintings and pastels at the Galerie Wally Findlay, Paris. 1978 Retrospective exhibition of lithographic works at Vision Nouvelle. June-July : Exhibition at the Wally Findlay Gallery, New York. Important private showat the Mitsukoshi Gallery, Tokyo. 1980 Designs his first tapestry, executed by Atelier 3...

Jean-Pierre Cassigneul Canal, c.1984 Watercolour on paper Signed lower right Image size 21.7 x 16.5 cm Frame size 48 x 40 x 3 cm Gallery COA

Jean-Pierre Cassigneul Title: Boat, 1973 Lithograph Edition 15 /200 lower left Hand Signed lower right Image size: 49 x 32.5 cm Sheet size: 62.5 x 45.8 cm

Jean-Pierre Cassigneul Title: SEA ​​BREEZE, C. 1982 Lithograph Edition E.A. lower left Hand Signed lower right Image size: 61 x 45 cm Sheet size: 66.8 x 51 cm

This art work titled "Les Cavaliers" 1988 is an original large colors lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and inscribed E...

This art work titled "Le Bonheur Entrevu" 1988 is an original large colors lithograph on wove paper by French artist, Jean Pierre Cassigneul, born 1935. It is hand signed and number...

*PLEASE NOTE UK BUYERS WILL ONLY PAY 5% VAT ON THIS PURCHASE. La Tarte aux fraises by Jean-Pierre Cassigneul (b. 1935) Oil on canvas 130 x 97 cm (51 ¹/₈ x 38 ¹/₄ inches) Signed lowe...