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Jan Hillebrand WijsmüllerLate Summer River Landscape / - Realistic Impression -c. 1900
c. 1900
About the Item
Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller (1855 Amsterdam - 1925 ibid.), Late Summer River Landscape, oil on canvas, relined, 34 x 56 cm (inside measurement), 43 x 64 cm (frame), signed J[an] H[illebrand] Wijsmuller at lower right.
- in good condition, the frame with isolated bumped spots
- Realistic Impression -
About the artwork
The panoramic landscape format shows a river landscape, with the course of the river, which curves to the right, leading the eye into the depths of the picture and tempting it to continue the landscape in the imagination beyond the visible area. At the same time, however, the fact that the landscape is not visible through the bend in the river focuses our gaze on the entirety of the landscape depicted, without prompting us to focus on distant details. Accordingly, the brushstroke is not designed to render details with realistic precision. In the front left area of the river there is even a completely free brushwork, trained by Impressionism, which nevertheless remains committed to representational and convincingly suggests the movement of the water.
Regardless of the distance of the observer, the entire picture is painted with the same broad brushstroke, so that the landscape is given as an impression. And yet this impression is not ephemeral, as in the case of French Impressionism, to put it exaggeratedly, but reveals to us the essence of the landscape in all its richness. This is why the Dutch variant of Impressionism is always also a realism, although the pictures appear less progressive, but still contain a dimension of landscape painting that is lost with progress.
In the impression, the reality of the landscape is revealed, and this happens as we experience the landscape in the visual impression. Wijsmuller does not depict houses or people in order to allow the experience of the landscape to fully unfold. The experience is determined first and foremost by the river, which does not flow into the picture from our point of view, but towards us. Where the river begins to bend, the water is churned by a rapids. Toward us, the riverbed widens and the water comes to rest, covering the entire width of the foreground like a mirror.
The stillness of the water corresponds to the evening mood of the late summer landscape, in which the warm tones of the evening light blend with the yellow and brown tones of the plants. A gentle, almost idyllic reality, carried by the brushstroke, yet animated by a liveliness that is also made visible by the brushstroke. The broad, dynamically placed brushstrokes evoke the movement of the treetops and animate even the immobile reeds, while the trunks on the right bank, executed in virtuoso white strokes that seem like markings, make the sunlight shine. On the other bank, a carpet of light also spreads out, its energetic effect again expressed in the brushstroke. The dynamic of the landscape is further enhanced by the complementary color contrasts between the greens, yellows, and browns on the one hand and the blue of the all-encompassing sky on the other. A contrast that is intensified by the reflection in the water.
The evening coming to rest of the landscape is thus at the same time an all-encompassing contrasting and yet in itself harmonious movement. This reality becomes accessible to us as an experience in the impression of the landscape.
About the artist
Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller entered the Royal Academy of Arts in Amsterdam in 1876 and studied under the innovative Professor August Allebé, who was famous for the Amsterdam Impressionism, also known as the Allebé School.
In 1877, Wijsmuller transferred to the Hague Academy of Art, and thus to the Hague School, and then completed his studies at the Brussels Academy of Art. Returning to the Netherlands, Wijsmuller opened his own studio in Amsterdam.
In 1883 he won the prestigious Young Artist Award, donated by Willink van Collen, which made Wijsmuller a well-known and sought-after artist.
Wijsmuller was a member of the Societät Arti et Amicitiae Amsterdam and the Pulchri Studio in The Hague.
Wijsmuller belongs to the second generation of the Hague School. While Vincent van Gogh described the protagonists of the first generation to his brother Theo as "the great gray people," the second generation, and Wijsmuller in particular, used a much more colorful palette. His oeuvre makes him a major player in Dutch Impressionism, the second Golden Age of Dutch painting.
Selection of public collections that own paintings by Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller:
Historisches Museum, Amsterdam / Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam / Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam / Museum Willet-Holthuysen, Amsterdam / Dordrechts Museum, Dordrecht / Dienst Verspreide Rijkscollecties, Den Haag / Gemeentemuseum, Den Haag / Museum Mesdag, Den Haag / Stadhuis, Den Haag / Goois Museum, Hilversum / Zeeuws Museum, Middelburg / St. Vrienden Museum Noordwijk, Noordwijk / Belasting & Douane Museum, Rotterdam
GERMAN VERSION
Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller (1855 Amsterdam - 1925 ebd.), Spätsommerliche Flusslandschaft, Öl auf Leinwand, doubliert, 34 x 56 cm (Innenmaß), 43 x 64 cm (Rahmen), rechts unten mit „J[an] H[illebrand] Wijsmuller“ signiert.
- in gutem Zustand, der Rahmen mit vereinzelten bestoßenen Stellen
Exposé als PDF
- Realistische Impression -
zum Kunstwerk
Das panoramaartige Querformat zeigt eine Flusslandschaft, wobei der nach rechts geschwungene Flusslauf den Blick in die Tiefe des Bildes hineinführt und dazu verleitet, die Landschaft in der Vorstellung über den sichtbaren Bereich hinaus fortzusetzen. Dass sich die Landschaft durch die Biegung des Flusses entzieht, konzentriert unseren Blick aber zugleich auf den präsentierten Landschaftsausschnitt im Ganzen, ohne dazu angespornt zu werden, entfernte Details fokussieren zu wollen. Dementsprechend ist auch der Pinselduktus nicht darauf angelegt, Details in einer realistischen Präzision zu gewahren. Im linken vorderen Bereich des Flusses ist gar eine ganz freie, vom Impressionismus geschulte Pinselführung zu gewahren, die dennoch dem Gegenständlichen verpflichtet bleibt und überzeugend die Bewegung des Wassers suggeriert.
Unabhängig von der dargestellten Entfernung des Betrachters ist das ganze Bild in demselben breiten Pinselduktus gehalten, wodurch die Landschaft als ein Eindruck, also als Impression gegeben ist. Und doch ist die Impression nichts Ephemeres, wie dies – überspitzt formuliert – im französischen Impressionismus der Fall ist, sie erschließt uns in ihrer Reichhaltigkeit das Wesen der Landschaft. Daher ist die niederländische Variante des Impressionismus immer zugleich auch ein Realismus, wodurch die Bilder freilich weniger progressiv erscheinen, dafür aber weiterhin eine Dimension der Landschaftsmalerei enthalten, die mit der Progression verloren geht.
In der Impression wird die Realität der Landschaft offenbar und dies geschieht, indem wir im Seheindruck die Landschaft erleben. Um das Landschaftserlebnis zur vollen Wirkung kommen zu lassen, stellt Wijsmuller keinerlei Häuser oder Menschen dar. Zunächst wird das Erlebnis vom Fluss bestimmt, der nicht – unserer Blickrichtung entsprechend – ins Bild hinein, sondern auf uns zu fließt. Dort, wo die Krümmung des Flusses einsetzt, ist das Wasser durch eine Stromschnelle aufgewühlt. Zu uns hin weitet sich das Flussbett und das Wasser kommt zur Ruhe, so dass es wie ein Spiegel die ganze Breite des Bildvordergrundes durchmisst.
Das Zur-Ruhe-Kommen des Wassers entspricht der Abendstimmung der spätsommerlichen Landschaft, in der sich das warmtonale Abendlicht mit den Gelb- und Brauntönen der Pflanzen vermählt. Eine vom Pinselduktus mitgetragene sanfte, beinahe idyllische Realität, die dennoch von einer ebenfalls durch den Pinselduktus sichtbar gemachten Lebendigkeit beseelt ist. Die breiten dynamisch gesetzten Pinselstriche evozieren eine Bewegtheit der Baumkronen und vitalisieren auch das unbewegte Schilf, während die in weißen virtuosen Strichlagen ausgeführten, wie Markierungen wirkenden Stämme am rechten Ufer das Sonnenlicht zum Aufleuchten bringen. Auf der anderen Uferseite breitet sich ebenfalls ein Lichtteppich aus, dessen energetische Wirkung abermals im Pinselduktus zum Ausdruck kommt. Zur Dynamik der Landschaft gehören auch die sich ergänzenden Farbkontraste, die Grün-, Gelb- und Brauntöne einerseits und das Blau des alles überspannenden Himmels andererseits. Ein Kontrast, der durch die Spiegelung im Wasser zusätzlich intensiviert wird.
Das abendliche Zur-Ruhe-Kommen der Landschaft ist also zugleich eine allumfassende kontrastreiche und dennoch in sich harmonische Bewegtheit. Diese Realität wird uns in der Impression der Landschaft als Erlebnis zugänglich.
zum Künstler
Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller trat 1876 in die Königliche Kunstakademie Amsterdam ein und studierte bei dem innovativen Professor August Allebé, der namentlich für den Amsterdamer Impressionismus einsteht, der auch Schule von Allebé genannt wird.
1877 wechselte Wijsmuller zur Kunstakademie in Den Haag und damit zur Haager Schule, um anschließend sein Studium an der Kunstakademie in Brüssel zu vollenden. In die Niederlande zurückgekehrt, eröffnete Wijsmuller in Amsterdam ein eigenes Atelier.
1883 gewann er den von Willink van Collen gestifteten prestigeträchtigen Förderpreis für junge Künstler, der Wijsmuller zu einem bekannten und gefragten Künstler hat werden lassen.
Er war Mitglied der Societät Arti et Amicitiae Amsterdam sowie der Künstlervereinigung Pulchri Studio in Den Haag.
Wijsmuller zählt zur zweiten Generation der Haager Schule. Hatte Vincent van Gogh die Protagonisten der ersten Generation seinem Bruder Theo gegenüber als „die großen grauen Leute“ bezeichnet, bedient sich die zweite Generation, und dabei insbesondere Wijsmuller, einer deutlich farbintensiveren Palette. Mit seinem Oeuvre ist er ein wichtiger Akteur des niederländischen Impressionismus, dem zweiten Goldenen Zeitalter der Niederländischen Malerei.
Auswahl öffentlicher Sammlungen, die Bilder von Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller besitzen:
Historisches Museum, Amsterdam / Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam / Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam / Museum Willet-Holthuysen, Amsterdam / Dordrechts Museum, Dordrecht / Dienst Verspreide Rijkscollecties, Den Haag / Gemeentemuseum, Den Haag / Museum Mesdag, Den Haag / Stadhuis, Den Haag / Goois Museum, Hilversum / Zeeuws Museum, Middelburg / St. Vrienden Museum Noordwijk, Noordwijk / Belasting & Douane Museum, Rotterdam
- Creator:Jan Hillebrand Wijsmüller (1855 - 1925, Dutch)
- Creation Year:c. 1900
- Dimensions:Height: 16.54 in (42 cm)Width: 25.2 in (64 cm)Depth: 1.97 in (5 cm)
- Medium:
- Movement & Style:
- Period:
- Condition:
- Gallery Location:Berlin, DE
- Reference Number:1stDibs: LU2438212727962
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