Academic Art
During the Renaissance, the first European fine art academies were established in Italy and would guide the style and standards of visual culture in the following centuries. Academic art became dominant across the continent in the 17th century, with artists coming together to offer instruction in this style of painting and sculpture.
The academic art period represented a significant change from the previous era when painters, sculptors and other artists were part of guilds and seen more as artisans than purveyors of culture. While patronage from the elite and the church remained pivotal, young artists were able to support themselves for the first time through academic exhibitions and an independent marketplace. The leading academies included the French Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture founded in Paris in 1648 (which became the Académie des Beaux-Arts after the French Revolution) and the London Royal Academy of Arts formed in 1768 under the inaugural leadership of painter Joshua Reynolds.
Academy students sketched drawings based on prints, sculptures and, finally, live models. Movements including neoclassicism and romanticism were particularly popular in these art schools and institutions where the influence of Raphael and Nicolas Poussin was prominent. Beaux Arts architecture and furniture design drew on these movements, too, and, as they also originated at the Académie des Beaux-Arts, the disciplines share common ground with academic painting and sculpture.
Although academic art was a major shift for artistic status when it began, by the middle of the 19th century it was viewed as stodgy and resistant to new ideas, with the subject matter of artists such as William-Adolphe Bouguereau and Jean-Léon Gérôme generally limited to allegorical or mythological themes. Impressionism, realism and the other movements that engaged with contemporary issues that followed were direct reactions to the academic tradition, although it continued to inform the avant-garde as artists like Gustav Klimt and Pablo Picasso started their practices as academic realists.
Find a collection of academic paintings, sculptures, prints and more art on 1stDibs.
18th Century Academic Art
Oil
1780s Academic Art
Carbon Pencil, Paper, Chalk
1770s Academic Art
Pastel
18th Century Academic Art
Chalk, Laid Paper
1750s Academic Art
Gold Leaf
Early 1700s Academic Art
Engraving
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Canvas, Oil
18th Century Academic Art
Oil, Canvas
1740s Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor
Mid-18th Century Academic Art
Gold Leaf
18th Century Academic Art
Oil, Canvas
1770s Academic Art
Pencil
18th Century Academic Art
Oil, Board
18th Century Academic Art
Oil
1790s Academic Art
Etching, Archival Paper
1780s Academic Art
Laid Paper, Engraving
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving
Late 18th Century Academic Art
Oil
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving
Late 18th Century Academic Art
Oil, Canvas
Early 1700s Academic Art
Ink, Paper, Black and White, Engraving
Late 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving
1790s Academic Art
Aquatint
18th Century Academic Art
Pastel, Paper, Pencil
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving
1710s Academic Art
Engraving
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving
18th Century Academic Art
Oil
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving
1770s Academic Art
Etching, Paper, Ink
1780s Academic Art
Gouache, Paper, Chalk, Graphite, Watercolor
1740s Academic Art
Watercolor, Engraving
1780s Academic Art
Laid Paper, Handmade Paper
1750s Academic Art
Gold Leaf
1710s Academic Art
Engraving
1740s Academic Art
Watercolor, Engraving
1750s Academic Art
Gold Leaf
1750s Academic Art
Gold Leaf
1740s Academic Art
Engraving
1740s Academic Art
Watercolor, Engraving
Mid-18th Century Academic Art
Etching, Watercolor
1740s Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor
1740s Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor
1790s Academic Art
Canvas, Oil
1740s Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor
1770s Academic Art
Etching
1750s Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor
1750s Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor
1750s Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor
1750s Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor
Early 1700s Academic Art
Lithograph
Early 18th Century Academic Art
Engraving
Mid-18th Century Academic Art
Engraving, Watercolor