Neoclassical Decorative Art
Neoclassical design emerged in Europe in the 1750s, as the Age of Enlightenment reached full flower. Neoclassical furniture took its cues from the styles of ancient Rome and Athens: symmetrical, ordered, dignified forms with such details as tapered and fluted chair and table legs, backrest finials and scrolled arms.
Over a period of some 20 years, first in France and later in Britain, neoclassical design — also known as Louis XVI, or Louis Seize — would supersede the lithe and curvaceous Rococo or Louis XV style.
The first half of the 18th century had seen a rebirth of interest in classical antiquity. The "Grand Tour" of Europe, codified as a part of the proper education of a patrician gentleman, included an extended visit to Rome. Some ventured further, to sketch the ruins of ancient Greece. These drawings and others — particularly those derived from the surprising and rich archaeological discoveries in the 1730s and ’40s at the sites of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum — caused great excitement among intellectuals and aesthetes alike.
Neoclassical furniture is meant to reflect both grace and power. The overall appearance of neoclassical chairs, tables and cabinetry is strong and rectilinear. These pieces are, in effect, classical architecture in miniature: chair and table legs are shaped like columns; cabinets are constructed with elements that mirror friezes and pediments.
Yet neoclassicism is enlivened by gilt and silver leaf, marquetry, and carved and applied ornamental motifs based on Greek and Roman sculpture: acanthus leaves, garlands, laurel wreaths, sheaves of arrow, medallions and chair splats are carved in the shapes of lyres and urns. Ormolu — or elaborate bronze gilding — was essential to French design in the 18th and 19th centuries as a cornerstone of the neoclassical and Empire styles.
As you can see from the furniture on these pages, there is a bit of whimsy in such stately pieces — a touch of lightness that will always keep neoclassicism fresh.
Find antique neoclassical furniture today on 1stDibs.
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ormolu
Late 19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Early 19th Century Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Brass
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Indonesian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Teak, Hardwood
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Carrara Marble
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Walnut
Early 19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1850s American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1830s American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Giltwood, Paper
19th Century English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper, Wood, Glass
19th Century Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Late 19th Century Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
Late 19th Century Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Late 19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Stone, Gold Plate, Bronze
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
1830s English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gesso, Giltwood, Paper
Early 19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
1820s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gesso, Glass, Wood, Paint
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
Late 19th Century Austrian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Giltwood, Porcelain
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Marble, Wrought Iron
1820s American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Giltwood
Early 19th Century Swedish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Giltwood
Late 19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Bronze
Early 19th Century Swedish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paint
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Marble
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Wood, Paper
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Giltwood, Wood
1830s French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ceramic, Porcelain
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Marble, Porphyry
Late 19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Bronze