Neoclassical Decorative Art
Neoclassical design emerged in Europe in the 1750s, as the Age of Enlightenment reached full flower. Neoclassical furniture took its cues from the styles of ancient Rome and Athens: symmetrical, ordered, dignified forms with such details as tapered and fluted chair and table legs, backrest finials and scrolled arms.
Over a period of some 20 years, first in France and later in Britain, neoclassical design — also known as Louis XVI, or Louis Seize — would supersede the lithe and curvaceous Rococo or Louis XV style.
The first half of the 18th century had seen a rebirth of interest in classical antiquity. The "Grand Tour" of Europe, codified as a part of the proper education of a patrician gentleman, included an extended visit to Rome. Some ventured further, to sketch the ruins of ancient Greece. These drawings and others — particularly those derived from the surprising and rich archaeological discoveries in the 1730s and ’40s at the sites of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum — caused great excitement among intellectuals and aesthetes alike.
Neoclassical furniture is meant to reflect both grace and power. The overall appearance of neoclassical chairs, tables and cabinetry is strong and rectilinear. These pieces are, in effect, classical architecture in miniature: chair and table legs are shaped like columns; cabinets are constructed with elements that mirror friezes and pediments.
Yet neoclassicism is enlivened by gilt and silver leaf, marquetry, and carved and applied ornamental motifs based on Greek and Roman sculpture: acanthus leaves, garlands, laurel wreaths, sheaves of arrow, medallions and chair splats are carved in the shapes of lyres and urns. Ormolu — or elaborate bronze gilding — was essential to French design in the 18th and 19th centuries as a cornerstone of the neoclassical and Empire styles.
As you can see from the furniture on these pages, there is a bit of whimsy in such stately pieces — a touch of lightness that will always keep neoclassicism fresh.
Find antique neoclassical furniture today on 1stDibs.
1870s Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ceramic
19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Ormolu
Mid-20th Century Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Walnut, Burl, Acrylic, Maple, Mahogany, Wood, Lucite
1980s American Vintage Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas, Paint
1810s English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century German Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Porcelain
20th Century Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
Mid-20th Century Canadian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Spelter
20th Century Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paint, Paper
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Maiolica, Majolica
17th Century Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Late 19th Century American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Early 19th Century German Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Carrara Marble
Early 19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Walnut
1850s American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Late 19th Century Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1830s American Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Giltwood, Paper
Late 20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas
20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Paper
Early 19th Century Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Brass
Early 20th Century French Neoclassical Decorative Art
Bronze
Late 18th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century Indonesian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Teak, Hardwood
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
Late 18th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1930s American Vintage Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood, Masonite, Paint
Late 19th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Stone, Gold Plate, Bronze
1960s American Vintage Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
Late 19th Century Danish Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Late 18th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
Late 18th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
1840s Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gold Leaf
Early 20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Masonite
1830s English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Gesso, Giltwood, Paper
Late 18th Century French Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
19th Century English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Wood, Paper
1950s American Vintage Neoclassical Decorative Art
Wood
Mid-20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper
20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paint
Late 19th Century Austrian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Glass, Giltwood, Porcelain
Early 20th Century Italian Neoclassical Decorative Art
Late 18th Century English Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Creamware, Pottery
20th Century French Neoclassical Decorative Art
Plaster
20th Century American Neoclassical Decorative Art
Canvas, Giltwood, Paint
Late 18th Century Italian Antique Neoclassical Decorative Art
Paper