Skip to main content

Sapphire Stud Single Earring

1
to
19
104
70
178
100
18
8
2
2
2
2
1
1
18
15
10
9
9
Sort By
Single 14 Karat Yellow Gold Blue Sapphire Stud Earrings
By Hi June Parker
Located in New York, NY
Wear these miniature triangle shaped stud earings with Blue Sapphires for a punch of color on your
Category

2010s American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Blue Sapphire, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold

Single 14 Karat Yellow Gold Blue Sapphire Stud Earrings
Single 14 Karat Yellow Gold Blue Sapphire Stud Earrings
Free Shipping
H 0.32 in W 0.32 in D 0.08 in
14K Gold with Diamonds and Sapphire SINGLE Evil Eye Stud Earring
Located in Los Angeles, CA
energy positive and jealousy and bad luck away when wearing this diamond, sapphire, and gold earring. It
Category

2010s American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, 14k Gold

Hi June Parker 14 Karat Gold Single Blue Sapphire Stud Earring
By Hi June Parker
Located in New York, NY
Wear this miniature triangle shaped stud earring with Blue Sapphires for a punch of color on your
Category

2010s American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Blue Sapphire, Gold, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold

Hi June Parker 14 Karat Gold Single Blue Sapphire Stud Earring
Hi June Parker 14 Karat Gold Single Blue Sapphire Stud Earring
Free Shipping
H 0.32 in W 0.32 in D 0.08 in
Blue Sapphire Diamond Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
Cast from 18-karat gold and sterling silver, these studs earrings are hand set with .16 carats blue
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Emerald, Diamond, Sterling Silver, 18k Gold

Hi June Parker 14 Karat Yellow Gold Single Stud Earring Yellow Sapphire
By Hi June Parker
Located in New York, NY
Wear these miniature diamond shape stud earrings with Yellow Sapphires for a punch of color on your
Category

2010s American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Yellow Sapphire, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold

Hi June Parker 14 Karat Gold Single Stud Earring Oval Blue Sapphire
By Hi June Parker
Located in New York, NY
mixing with your favorite single earrings to update your ear game. Sold as a SINGLE earring, get two to
Category

2010s American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Blue Sapphire, Gold, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold

Yellow Sapphire Front Back Double Sided Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
gold and sterling silver, these stud earrings are hand set in 6.64 carats of yellow sapphire in
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Sapphire, Yellow Sapphire, 18k Gold, Sterling Silver

Red Coated Three Stone Pink Sapphire Mini Single Stud Earring Hi June Parker
By Hi June Parker
Located in New York, NY
with this 3-stone SINGLE stud. Inspired by seeing the cross-section view of life, as if slicing a tree
Category

2010s American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Pink Sapphire, Sterling Silver

Front Back Double Sided Blue Sapphire Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
Be on top of the newest earring trend with a pair of double-sided stud earrings. Handcrafted from
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Blue Sapphire, 18k Gold, Sterling Silver

Blue Sapphire Diamond 14 Karat Gold Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
Cast from 14-karat gold. These beautiful stud earrings are hand set with 2.45 carats blue sapphire
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, 14k Gold, Gold

Blue Sapphire Diamond 18 Karat Gold Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
Cast from 18-karat gold. These beautiful stud earrings are hand set with .35 carats blue sapphire
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, Gold, 18k Gold

Rainbow Heart Stud Earrings 'Single Earing'
By Mordekai
Located in Miami Beach, FL
Pick your favorite color: The full rainbow fantasy in the most unique and colorful studs to light
Category

2010s American Modern Stud Earrings

Multi Stone Sapphire 18 Karat Gold Cluster Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
These stud earrings are handmade in 18-karat gold and beautifully detailed with 4.79 carats of
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Multi-gemstone, Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, Pink Sapphire, Yellow Sapphire,...

14K Sapphire & Diamond Stud Earrings, 11.70ctw Oval Blue Sapphire
Located in Holtsville, NY
Enhance your jewelry collection with these elegant 14K Sapphire & Diamond Stud Earrings. Crafted in
Category

2010s American Artist Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, 14k Gold

5.72 Carat Tourmaline Sapphire 14 Karat Gold Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
These beautiful stud earrings are handcrafted in 14K gold, 5.72 carats tourmaline and .20 carats
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Sapphire, Tourmaline, Gold, Yellow Gold, 14k Gold

Tourmaline Sapphire 18 Karat Gold Diamond Star Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
These stud earrings are handmade in 18-karat gold. It is beautifully detailed with 1.12 carats of
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Tourmaline, Multi-gemstone, Sapphire, Gold, 18k Gold

Carved Blue Sapphire Diamond 18 Karat Gold Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
These stunning hand carved earrings are thoughtfully and meticulously crafted in 18-karat gold. It
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Artisan Stud Earrings

Materials

Blue Sapphire, Diamond, Gold, 18k Gold

Blue Sapphire Diamond 18 Karat Yellow Gold Bee Stud Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
Cast in 18 Karat Gold, these enamel bee stud earrings are set with .30 carats blue sapphire & .22
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Blue Sapphire, Diamond, 18k Gold, Yellow Gold

Blue Coated Silver Three Stone Single Stud Earring Hi June Parker
By Hi June Parker
Located in New York, NY
with this 3-stone SINGLE stud. Inspired by seeing the cross-section view of life, as if slicing a tree
Category

2010s American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Blue Sapphire, Silver

Designer 14K Sapphire & Diamond Stud Earrings, Statement Gemstone Jewelry
Located in Holtsville, NY
Elevate your elegance with our stunning 14K Yellow Gold Sapphire & Diamond Stud Earrings. Crafted
Category

2010s American Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold

Yellow Sapphire Earring Stud in 18 Karat Yellow Gold
Located in London, GB
This single earring stud is part of our Blossom Collection of mix and match pieces. The glistening
Category

21st Century and Contemporary British Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Yellow Sapphire, 18k Gold, Yellow Gold

Yellow Sapphire Earring Stud in 18 Karat Yellow Gold
Yellow Sapphire Earring Stud in 18 Karat Yellow Gold
Free Shipping
W 0.1 in D 0.09 in L 0.38 in
14K Sapphire & Diamond Stud Earrings - Timeless Elegance, Statement Jewelry
Located in Holtsville, NY
Elevate your elegance with these exquisite 14K Yellow Gold earrings, featuring two stunning Round
Category

2010s American Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold

Stud Earring (0.2 CT, Orange Sapphire Faceted Slab, YGA+SAF)
By Parts of Four
Located in Paris, FR
Stud earring in polished gold plated sterling silver and a slab of sapphire. This item is made with
Category

2010s Stud Earrings

Materials

Sapphire, Sterling Silver

Stud Earring (0.2 CT, Orange Sapphire Faceted Slab, YGA+SAF)
By Parts of Four
Located in PARIS, FR
Stud earring in polished gold plated sterling silver and a slab of sapphire. This item is made with
Category

2010s Stud Earrings

Materials

Sapphire, Sterling Silver

Stud Earring (0.2 CT, Orange Sapphire Faceted Slab, PA+SAF)
Located in Paris, FR
Stud earring in polished sterling silver and sapphire slab. This item is made with a naturally
Category

2010s Stud Earrings

Materials

Sapphire, Sterling Silver

Elegant 14K Sapphire & Diamond Stud Earrings with Cushion Brilliant Gems
Located in Holtsville, NY
Indulge in sophistication with our exquisite 14K Sapphire & Diamond Stud Earrings, a fusion of
Category

2010s American Artist Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, 14k Gold

14K Sapphire Diamond Stud Earrings - Blue Gemstone Fine Jewelry Accessory
Located in Holtsville, NY
Elevate your style with our exquisite 14K Yellow Gold Sapphire & Diamond Stud Earrings
Category

2010s American Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold

Ananta Sesha Stud Earring 'Single' in 14 Karat Rose Gold
By Selda Jewellery
Located in Istanbul, TR
prosperity. Ananta sesha stud earring (single) in 14k rose gold by selda jewellery Additional Information
Category

2010s Turkish Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

White Diamond, Black Diamond, Ruby, Rose Gold, 14k Gold

Yellow Coated Three Stone Mini Three Stone Single Stud Earring Hi June Parker
By Hi June Parker
Located in New York, NY
with this 3-stone SINGLE stud. Inspired by seeing the cross-section view of life, as if slicing a tree
Category

2010s American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Yellow Sapphire, Silver

14K Sapphire Diamond Stud Earrings - Luxury Statement Jewelry, Stunning Piece
Located in Holtsville, NY
Discover timeless elegance with these captivating Rhodium-Plated & 14K Yellow Gold stud earrings
Category

2010s American Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold, Rhodium

Sugarloaf Sapphire and Diamond Cluster Stud Earrings White Gold 0.68ct
Located in London, GB
A stunning pair of sugarloaf sapphire and diamond cluster stud earrings in white gold. Each
Category

Mid-20th Century British Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, White Gold

WHAAM STUDS – Sapphire & 18K Gold
Located in London, GB
Modern, Handcrafted Stud Earrings made with 18 Carat Yellow Gold featuring Blue Fancy Sapphires
Category

2010s British Art Deco Stud Earrings

Materials

Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, 18k Gold, Yellow Gold

WHAAM STUDS – Sapphire & 18K Gold
WHAAM STUDS – Sapphire & 18K Gold
Free Shipping
W 0.4 in L 0.4 in
Blue Round Sapphire 2.15CT & White Round Diamonds 0.20CT 14KW Studs Earrings
Located in New York, NY
This pair of earrings are made of two round blue sapphire stones in the center with a total weight
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, White Diamond, Blue Sapphire, 14k Gold, White Gold

Blue Round Sapphire 2.15CT & White Round Diamonds 0.20CT 14KW Studs Earrings
Blue Round Sapphire 2.15CT & White Round Diamonds 0.20CT 14KW Studs Earrings
Free Shipping
H 0.35 in W 0.35 in D 0.15 in L 0.01 in
Pear Cut Natural Pink Sapphire and Baguette Diamond Halo Stud Pierced Earrings
Located in Scottsdale, AZ
shine from every angle. Each earring features a single prong set pear cut pink sapphire set at the
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, Pink Sapphire, Gold, 18k Gold, White Gold

Blue Round Sapphire 2.25CT & White Round Diamonds 0.51CT 18KW Studs Earrings
Located in New York, NY
This pair of earrings are made of two round blue sapphire stones in the center with a total weight
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, 18k Gold, White Gold

Blue Round Sapphire 2.25CT & White Round Diamonds 0.51CT 18KW Studs Earrings
Blue Round Sapphire 2.25CT & White Round Diamonds 0.51CT 18KW Studs Earrings
Free Shipping
H 0.33 in W 0.13 in D 0.26 in Dm 0.01 in L 0.33 in
6.94 Carats Total Round Cut Yellow Sapphire and Diamond Halo Stud Earrings
By Roman Malakov
Located in New York, NY
Showcasing two color-rich brilliant round cut yellow sapphires weighing 6.94 carats total
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, Yellow Sapphire, Platinum

Vintage Sapphire and Diamond Cluster Earrings
Located in London, GB
Here we have vintage pair of 18ct sapphire and diamond earrings. Each white gold mount plays host
Category

20th Century Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, Gold, White Gold

18 Karat Gold 13.56 Carat Multi-Sapphire and Diamond Cocktail Stud Earrings
By Gems Paradise
Located in Jaipur, IN
18 Karat Yellow Gold 13.56 Carat Multi-Sapphire and Diamond Cocktail Stud Earrings This
Category

2010s Indian Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Sapphire, Diamond, Gold, 18k Gold, Yellow Gold

18 Karat White Gold 6.11 Carat Diamond and Sapphire Cocktail Stud Earrings
By Gems Paradise
Located in Jaipur, IN
18 Karat White Gold 6.11 Carat Diamond and Sapphire Cocktail Stud Earrings This classic royal blue
Category

2010s Indian Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, Gold, 18k Gold, White Gold

Dainty 1.34 Carat Bezel Set Blue Sapphire 14k Yellow Gold Stud Earrings Gift
By VR Jewels
Located in Houston, TX
1.34 Carat Bezel Set Blue Sapphire Stud Earrings in 14K Gold to make a statement with your look
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, Gold, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold

18 Karat White Gold 4.58 Carat Sapphire and Diamond Cluster Stud Earrings
By Gems Paradise
Located in Jaipur, IN
18 Karat White Gold 4.58 Carat Sapphire and Diamond Cluster Stud Earrings This incredible royal
Category

2010s Indian Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, Gold, 18k Gold, White Gold

Deco Style 1.80 Carats Sapphires Diamonds 18K Yellow Gold Timeless Stud Earrings
By Rossella Ugolini
Located in Rome, IT
, Rock Crystal 0.12 Carats White Diamonds Stud Earrings. Timeless Classy and Elegant Stud Earrings
Category

2010s Italian Art Deco Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, Gold, 18k Gold, Yellow Gold

18 Karat White Gold Invisible Setting 5.76 Carat Sapphire Diamond Stud Earrings
By Vaibhav Dhadda
Located in Jaipur, Rajasthan
18 karat white gold invisible setting 5.76 carats sapphire diamond stud earrings. This incredible
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Indian Art Deco Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, 18k Gold, White Gold

3.16 Carat Oval Sapphires and Round Brilliant Diamond White Gold Stud Earrings
Located in Chevy Chase, MD
A gorgeous pair of Blue Sapphire and Diamond earrings! The two oval Sapphires are set in four
Category

2010s American Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, 18k Gold, White Gold

Roman Malakov 1.42 Carats Total Blue Sapphire and Diamonds Halo Stud Earrings
By Roman Malakov
Located in New York, NY
A simple and versatile pair of stud earrings showcasing 1.28 carats total round blue sapphires
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, White Gold, 18k Gold

Bali Emerald and Opal Stud Earrings with Sapphire in Gold by NIXIN Jewelry
Located in Los Angeles, CA
Australian Opal meets emerald and blue sapphire in the Bali Emerald and Opal Stud Earrings. Each
Category

2010s American Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Emerald, Opal, Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, Gold, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold

Roman Malakov 2.29 Carats Total Oval Cut Blue Sapphire & Diamond Stud Earrings
By Roman Malakov
Located in New York, NY
A simple and classic pair of stud earrings showcasing an oval cut blue sapphires weighing 2.29
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, 18k Gold, White Gold

GIA Certified 0.64 Carats Total Blue Sapphire and Diamond Halo Stud Earrings
By Roman Malakov
Located in New York, NY
A simple and classic pair of stud earrings showcasing round blue sapphires weighing 0.64 carats
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, 18k Gold, White Gold

1.94 Carats Total Mixed Shape Blue Sapphire & Round Diamond Halo Stud Earrings
By Roman Malakov
Located in New York, NY
A simple and chic pair of stud earrings showcasing a cluster of oval and princess cut brilliant
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, 18k Gold, White Gold

1.60 Carat Oval Cut Sapphire and Diamond Stud Earrings in 18K Yellow Gold
Located in NEW YORK, NY
A simple pair of stud earrings showcasing 1.60 carats of 2 oval cut lush blue sapphires, surrounded
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Sapphire, Diamond, Yellow Gold

Natural Blue Round Sapphire and White Diamond .96 Carat TW Gold Stud Earrings
Located in New York, NY
RareGemWorld's classic natural round cut sapphire earrings. Mounted in a beautiful 14K White Gold
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, White Diamond, Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, Gold, 14k Gold, White Gold

Natural Blue Round Sapphire and White Diamond 1.73 Carat TW Gold Stud Earrings
Located in New York, NY
RareGemWorld's classic sapphire earrings. Mounted in a beautiful 14K White Gold setting with
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, White Diamond, Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, Gold, 14k Gold, White Gold

Natural Blue Round Sapphire and White Diamond .93 Carat TW Gold Stud Earrings
Located in New York, NY
RareGemWorld's classic sapphire earrings. Mounted in a beautiful 14K White Gold setting with
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, White Diamond, Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, Gold, 14k Gold, White Gold

Single Round Green Emerald Stud in Platinum
By Valentina Fine Jewellery
Located in Sai Kung District, HK
Beautiful round green emerald stud earring set in Platinum. The natural Zambian green emerald is
Category

2010s Stud Earrings

Materials

Emerald, Platinum

Single Round Green Emerald Stud in Platinum
Single Round Green Emerald Stud in Platinum
Free Shipping
W 0.18 in L 0.18 in
Yellow Gold Sapphire & Diamond Halo Stud Earrings 14k Rnd .28ctw All-Seeing Eyes
Located in Greensboro, NC
Metal Content: 14k Yellow Gold Stone Information Genuine Sapphires Treatment: Heating Carats
Category

Late 20th Century Unknown Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, Yellow Gold

Ananta Sesha Stud Earring 'Single' in 14 Karat Rose Gold with Cognac Diamond
By Selda Jewellery
Located in Istanbul, TR
prosperity. Ananta sesha stud earring (single) in 14k rose gold with cognac diamond by selda jewellery
Category

2010s Turkish Modern Stud Earrings

Materials

Rose Gold

Art Deco .76ct Diamond Sapphire Platinum Earrings
Located in Scotts Valley, CA
Details: Fabulous Art Deco Diamond and Sapphire earrings in Platinum. These stunning earrings have
Category

Vintage 1920s Unknown Art Deco Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, 14k Gold, Platinum

1.52 Carats Total Round Cut Royal Blue Sapphire and Diamond Halo Stud Earrings
By Roman Malakov
Located in New York, NY
A simple and versatile pair of stud earrings showcasing 1.52 carats total round cut royal blue
Category

21st Century and Contemporary American Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Blue Sapphire, 18k Gold, White Gold

Cushion Cut Blue Topaz, Diamond, & Sapphire Stud Earrings in 14 Karat White Gold
Located in Scottsdale, AZ
be worn with just about anything. The incredible sizeable stud earrings each feature a single
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Diamond, Sapphire, Topaz, Blue Topaz, Gold, 14k Gold, White Gold

Blue Sapphire Diamond Star Ear Climber Earrings
By Meghna Jewels
Located in Hoffman Estate, IL
blue sapphire and .23 carats diamonds. FOLLOW MEGHNA JEWELS storefront to view the latest collection
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Unknown Contemporary Stud Earrings

Materials

Blue Sapphire, Diamond, 18k Gold, Sterling Silver

  • 1
Get Updated with New Arrivals
Save "Sapphire Stud Single Earring", and we’ll notify you when there are new listings in this category.

Sapphire Stud Single Earring For Sale on 1stDibs

Surely you’ll find the exact sapphire stud single earring you’re seeking on 1stDibs — we’ve got a vast assortment for sale. Each design created in this style — which was crafted with great care and often made from Gold, 18k Gold and 14k Gold — can elevate any look. Finding an appealing sapphire stud single earring — no matter the origin — is easy, but Meghna Jewels, Hi June Parker and Allison Bryan each produced a popular version that is worth a look. Today, if you’re looking for a single cut version of this piece and are unable to find the perfect match, our selection also includes round cut and old european cut alternatives.

How Much is a Sapphire Stud Single Earring?

On average, a sapphire stud single earring at 1stDibs sells for $1,360, while they’re typically $71 on the low end and $6,500 for the highest priced versions of this item.

Finding the Right stud-earrings for You

Stud earrings have a unique and rich cultural history. Though their design has evolved, vintage stud earrings are still a classic jewelry style.

Stud earrings are frequently dated back over 7,000 years to Asia, where they were worn mostly by upper-class men to indicate their wealth and status. Although earrings sometimes fell out of favor over the years — such as when ear piercing was prohibited by the Catholic Church in the 13th century — they’ve remained one of the most enduring forms of body modification.

When diamond jewelry gained prominence in the 19th century, thanks to prosperity in Europe and the United States as well as the greater accessibility of gemstones, studs adorned with fine diamonds became popular. Screw-back earrings debuted in the late 19th century and allowed people without pierced ears to don the embellishment. Stud earrings became especially popular in the 1960s.

Stud earrings are simple and usually small in size, making them lightweight and easy to wear. Unlike other earrings, stud earrings have a floating appearance. They are often made with a single gemstone, such as a sapphire or emerald, and a straight post that goes through the ear, typically with a rubber or metal backing to hold it in place.

Today, stud earrings accentuate outfits with a casual, elegant style, adding a bit of glam to any ensemble. Find an eclectic array of stud earrings on 1stDibs.