Janet Rosenblum

Organically shaped, clean-lined and elegantly simple are three terms that well describe vintage mid-century modern furniture. The style, which emerged primarily in the years following World War II, is characterized by pieces that were conceived and made in an energetic, optimistic spirit by creators who believed that good design was an essential part of good living.

ORIGINS OF MID-CENTURY MODERN FURNITURE DESIGN

• Emerged during the mid-20th century 
• Informed by European modernism, Bauhaus, International style, Scandinavian modernism and Frank Lloyd Wright’s architecture
• A heyday of innovation in postwar America 
• Experimentation with new ideas, new materials and new forms flourished in Scandinavia, Italy, the former Czechoslovakia and elsewhere in Europe

CHARACTERISTICS OF MID-CENTURY MODERN FURNITURE DESIGN

• Simplicity, organic forms, clean lines  
• A blend of neutral and bold Pop art colors 
• Use of natural and man-made materials — alluring woods such as teak, rosewood and oak; steel, fiberglass and molded plywood 
• Light-filled spaces with colorful upholstery 
• Glass walls and an emphasis on the outdoors 
• Promotion of functionality

MID-CENTURY MODERN FURNITURE DESIGNERS TO KNOW

• Charles and Ray Eames
• Eero Saarinen
• Milo Baughman
• Florence Knoll
• Harry Bertoia 
• Isamu Noguchi 
• George Nelson 
• Danish modernists Hans Wegner and Arne Jacobsen, whose emphasis on natural materials and craftsmanship influenced American designers and vice versa

ICONIC MID-CENTURY MODERN FURNITURE DESIGNS

• Eames lounge chair
• Nelson daybed
• Florence Knoll sofa
• Egg chair
• Womb chair
• Noguchi coffee table
• Barcelona chair

VINTAGE MID-CENTURY MODERN FURNITURE ON 1STDIBS

The mid-century modern era saw leagues of postwar American architects and designers animated by new ideas and new technology. The lean, functionalist International-style architecture of Le Corbusier and Bauhaus eminences Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius had been promoted in the United States during the 1930s by Philip Johnson and others. New building techniques, such as “post-and-beam” construction, allowed the International-style schemes to be realized on a small scale in open-plan houses with long walls of glass.

Materials developed for wartime use became available for domestic goods and were incorporated into mid-century modern furniture designs. Charles and Ray Eames and Eero Saarinen, who had experimented extensively with molded plywood, eagerly embraced fiberglass for pieces such as the La Chaise and the Womb chair, respectively. 

Architect, writer and designer George Nelson created with his team shades for the Bubble lamp using a new translucent polymer skin and, as design director at Herman Miller, recruited the Eameses, Alexander Girard and others for projects at the legendary Michigan furniture manufacturer. 

Harry Bertoia and Isamu Noguchi devised chairs and tables built of wire mesh and wire struts. Materials were repurposed too: The Danish-born designer Jens Risom created a line of chairs using surplus parachute straps for webbed seats and backrests.

The Risom lounge chair was among the first pieces of furniture commissioned and produced by legendary manufacturer Knoll, a chief influencer in the rise of modern design in the United States, thanks to the work of Florence Knoll, the pioneering architect and designer who made the firm a leader in its field. The seating that Knoll created for office spaces — as well as pieces designed by Florence initially for commercial clients — soon became desirable for the home.

As the demand for casual, uncluttered furnishings grew, more mid-century furniture designers caught the spirit.

Classically oriented creators such as Edward Wormley, house designer for Dunbar Inc., offered such pieces as the sinuous Listen to Me chaise; the British expatriate T.H. Robsjohn-Gibbings switched gears, creating items such as the tiered, biomorphic Mesa table. There were Young Turks such as Paul McCobb, who designed holistic groups of sleek, blond wood furniture, and Milo Baughman, who espoused a West Coast aesthetic in minimalist teak dining tables and lushly upholstered chairs and sofas with angular steel frames.

As the collection of vintage mid-century modern chairs, dressers, coffee tables and other furniture for the living room, dining room, bedroom and elsewhere on 1stDibs demonstrates, this period saw one of the most delightful and dramatic flowerings of creativity in design history.

Antique and vintage side chairs are space savers by design and wonderfully versatile pieces of seating for your dining room or wherever guests may gather.

Chairs have been indispensable pieces of furniture for a long time. We sit, therefore we deserve good seating. In Ancient Egypt, chairs were utilized in homes regardless of class, and most furniture was made of wood. Comfortable folding chairs, for example, were found in King Tutankhamun’s tomb.

Chairs evolved to be more commonplace in the 1830s, and by the Industrial Revolution, they could be found in most homes. The traditional wooden side chair might feature an upholstered back and seat and was typically used for gathering around a big dining room table. Because the side chair does not feature armrests, it could easily be tucked under the table when not in use or delicately placed in a corner for decorative purposes. Today, the side chair’s slim silhouette and armless design still offer the same level of versatility as it did in its early days. It’s supportive of a large gathering for a meal in the dining room or kitchen and serves as an accent piece (or extra seating) resting against the wall in a living room or inviting foyer.

When shopping for side chairs, think about the colors and furniture style you’ve already introduced to your living room or dining room. Keep the height of your sofa in mind, for example. If you intend to pair your sofa with your side chair when it’s not perched near the dining table, it wouldn’t hurt if the height of your side chair matches the height of your sofa. Even if your side chair will largely be used in the kitchen or dining room, it will likely be used in the living room or home entertainment area as well. When you’re thinking about the seating where meals are served in your home, benches, stools and armchairs make suitable alternatives too. And if you’re feeling adventurous, combining a variety of dining room seating options can be both aesthetically pleasing and downright practical.

Side chairs are available in a number of styles today, and this convenient seating is one of the types of chairs you should know when furnishing your new home. Explore antique and vintage side chairs on 1stDibs. Find Art Deco side chairs and mid-century modern side chairs, or search by creator to find side chairs crafted by legendary designers like Charles and Ray Eames and others.