Skip to main content

Louis XVI Lighting

LOUIS XVI STYLE

Reflecting the final era of royal opulence before the upheaval of the French Revolution, antique Louis XVI furniture features more angular shapes than the Rococo curves of the Louis XV style, harkening back to the imposing grandeur of Louis XIV.

Dating between 1750 and 1800, an era that overlapped with the last king of France whose reign was cut short by the guillotine, Louis XVI furniture, known as the goût grec, is emblematic of the neoclassical revision that French furniture underwent during the second half of the 18th century.

Authentic Louis XVI furniture characteristics include clean lines and carved details such as scrolls and acanthus flourishes that were inspired by ancient Greece and Rome. This was informed by a burgeoning interest in antiquity in the 18th century, owing to new archaeological excavations at sites including Pompeii and Herculaneum. It largely eclipsed the more East Asian–influenced ornamentation of Louis XV for something more geometric and symmetrical.

The Louis XVI style was defined by what was being created for the palatial rooms at Versailles and Fontainebleau, particularly for the queen, with cabinetmaker Jean-Henri Riesener being a favorite of Marie-Antoinette’s for his luxurious pieces accented with gilded bronze and marquetry. Furniture maker Jean-Baptiste-Claude Sené was also a major designer of the period, with his pieces for the royal residences adorned with giltwood and neoclassical touches like tapered columns for chair legs and laurel leaf carvings. Cabinetmaker Adam Weisweiler occasionally incorporated into his furniture porcelain panels produced by Sèvres, a popular manufacturer of European ceramics that served the crown with serveware, vases and other decorative objects.

Find a collection of antique Louis XVI seating, tables, cabinets and other furniture on 1stDibs.

to
150
1,173
398
1,526
64
11
Height
to
Width
to
931
732
69
104
64
71
62
68
62
65
61
64
58,049
18,958
8,978
8,079
3,931
2,590
2,062
1,599
966
838
787
623
576
544
409
199
127
73
937
516
75
262
111
33
56
28
51
15
19
22
16
10
3
1,455
862
581
492
339
1,488
1,288
147
45
40
1,601
1,543
1,557
39
26
18
15
11
Style: Louis XVI
Black Marble Ormolu Mounted Caldwell Lamps, 1800s
Located in New York, NY
A Pair of Black Marble Ormolu Mounted Caldwell Lamps made in the late 1800s. An awe-inspiring pair of lamps that harken back to the refined crafts...
Category

19th Century American Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Ormolu

French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Ormolu and Porcelain Lamp, Signed by Sèvres
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A most impressive and large scale French 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu and porcelain lamp, signed by Sèvres. The lamp is raised by striking triangular shaped porcelain base with ...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

Dutch Late 19th Century Louis XVI St. Ormolu Chandelier
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A wonderful and most decorative Dutch late 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu chandelier. The five arm chandelier is centered by a fine bottom reeded finial and striking ball reserve ...
Category

19th Century Dutch Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

French 20th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu and Bronze Chandelier, after Gouthiere
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An extremely stunning and high quality French early 20th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu and enameled Bronze chandelier, after a model by Pierre Gouthière. This truly impressive eight l...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze, Ormolu

Pair of French 19th Century Louis XVI St. Ormolu and White Carrara Marble Lamps
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A beautiful and high quality pair of French 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu and white Carrara marble lamps. Each three arm candelabra lamp ...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Ormolu

French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Eight-Light Baccarat Crystal Chandelier
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An outstanding and high quality mid 19th century French Louis XVI st. ormolu and Baccarat crystal eight light chandelier. The eight 'S' scrolled arms are heavily decorated by exquisi...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Ormolu

French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Ormolu and Rock Crystal Parrot Chandelier
Located in New York, NY
A fine antique French Louis XVI style gilt bronze and rock crystal chandelier. The chandelier is composed of six scrolling gilt bronze arms, each supporting candle-form lights with d...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Rock Crystal, Bronze

A French 19th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu and Biscuit Porcelain lamp
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A stunning and most decorative French 19th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu and Biscuit Porcelain lamp. This very attractive lamp is raised on a square Ormolu base with concave corners a...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

Louis XVI Style Cut Crystal and Gilt Bronze Lamp by Gherardo Degli Albizzi
Located in Florence, Tuscany
This Louis XVI style cut crystal and gilt bronze lamp by Gherardo Degli Albizzi features an amphor shape made by three crystal sections and fully chiselled bronze handles centered by flower decoration. Crystal sections are separated by gilt bronze profiles...
Category

2010s Italian Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Bronze

Beautiful Pair of 19th Century French Louis XVI Gilt Bronze Sconces
Located in Dallas, TX
A fine and beautiful pair of 19th century French Louis XVI gilt bronze and enameled bronze sconces. Fine quality gilt bronze ram's head details.
Category

Late 19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Pair of Louis XVI Period Dore Bronze Mounted Grey and Black Veined Marble Lamps
Located in New York, NY
A fine pair of Louis XVI Period Dore bronze mounted grey and black veined marble vases turned to lamps. Each is beautifully made with a cylindrical hand-carved grey and black veined ...
Category

18th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Bronze

French 19th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu, Bronze, Crystal and marble floor lamp
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A most elegant and highly detailed French 19th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu, patinated Bronze, etched Crystal and Giallo Antico marble Torchière floor lamp. The floor lamp is raised ...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Marble, Bronze, Ormolu

Beautiful Bronze Wall Lamp in Louis XVI Seize
Located in Berlin, DE
Beautiful bronze wall lamp in Louis XVI style Two flames. Solid bronze. Lamp crowned by a plastic bow. Electrified. (F-82).
Category

20th Century French Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Late 19th Century Fine Louis XVI Cut Crystal and Gilt Bronze Chandelier
Located in Dallas, TX
A fine and beautiful late 19th century French Louis XVI 16 light cut crystal and gilt bronze chandelier.
Category

Late 19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal

French 19th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu and cut Glass chandelier
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A magnificent and high quality French 19th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu and cut Glass chandelier. This exquisite twelve arm twelve light chandelier is centered by a glass prism cut bottom finial hanging below a glass rosette and an array of berried foliate Ormolu decorations. The central fut above is decorated by acanthus leaves, beaded bands, weaving pattern bands, cherub busts, acorn ornaments, pierced foliate designs, hanging garments, and rosette pendants. Emerging from the collage of decorations on the body of the fut are the twelve 'C' scrolled foliate decorated arms. Each arm displays a tear drop glass central reserve and a group of scallop and tear drop cut glass pendants hanging below the foliate designed candle cups. Coming from each arm and leading up to the top crown are twelve swaging Ormolu berried garlands. The elaborate pierced top crown displays scalloped glass pendants...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

American 19th Century Dore Bronze Candlestick Table Lamp, E. F. Caldwell & Co
Located in New York, NY
A fantastic 19th century Caldwell Louis XVI style dore bronze candlestick lamp. Beautifully hand-chassed, hand-chiseled with two-tone matte and burnished gold, this lamp is perfect t...
Category

Early 1900s American Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Set of 4 Antique French Louis XVI Silvered Bronze and Beveled Mirror Sconces.
Located in New Orleans, LA
Set of 4 Antique French Louis XVI Silvered Bronze Sconces with Beveled Mirrors, Circa 1890's.
Category

Late 19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Louis XVI Style Cage Chandelier Attributed to L'Escalier de Cristal, circa 1900
Located in Brighton, West Sussex
A fine Louis XVI style gilt-bronze and glass cage chandelier with applied porcelain flowers, attributed to L'Escalier de Cristal. French, circa 1900. Fitted internally with el...
Category

Late 19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Pair of French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Alabaster and Ormolu Chandeliers
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A unique and very elegant pair of French 19th century Louis XVI style Alabaster, Ormolu, and Glass chandeliers. Each attractive five light chandelier is centered by an Ormolu acorn b...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Ormolu

Pair of Louis XVI Style Marble Lamps
Located in Stamford, CT
Pair of Louis XVI style ormolu mounted lamps with baluster form white marble vases on square marble base.. Provenance: Christie's, New York, 2003.
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Bronze

Pair of Neoclassical Style Gilt Bronze Sconces
Located in London, GB
Pair of neoclassical style gilt bronze sconces French, late 19th century Measures: Height 74cm, width 43cm, depth 34cm This...
Category

Late 19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu, Bronze

Pair of French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Porcelain and Ormolu Lamps
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A charming and high quality pair of French 19th century Louis XVI st. cobalt blue porcelain and ormolu lamps. Each small scale lamp is raised by an elegant circular mottled base with...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

Pair of Louis XVI Bronze Sconces, circa 1930/1950
Located in Saint-Ouen, FR
Pair of Louis XVI bronze sconces, circa 1930/1950.
Category

1930s French Vintage Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Pair of French 19th Century Louis XVI St. Ormolu and Marble Lamps
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A superb pair of French 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu and marble lamps. Raised on ormolu bun feet below a rectangular sienna marble base with chased ormolu trim. Above each is a ...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

Fine Pair of 19th Century French Louis XVI Gilt Bronze Sconces
Located in Dallas, TX
A fine and beautiful pair of 19th century French Louis XVI gilt bronze sconces.
Category

Late 19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Pair of Ormulu Sconces in Louis XVI Style
Located in Paris, FR
A pair of ormolu and chased sconces with two light arms. The twisted plate is decorated with foliage and volutes. It is surmounted by a fire pot decorat...
Category

1880s French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Pair of 18th C. French Louis XVI Period Patinated and Dore Bronze Vases/Lamps
Located in New York, NY
An Incredible Pair of Antique French Louis XVI Period Patinated and Dore Bronze Vases Turned to Lamps on Rouge Marble Bases. The lamps feature an urn-shaped body with an intricate...
Category

18th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Bronze

Pair of Neoclassical Style Gilt Bronze Sconces
Located in London, GB
Pair of neoclassical style gilt bronze sconces French, 19th century Measures: Height 46cm, width 33cm, depth 23cm This pair...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu, Bronze

Pair Of French 19th Century Louis XVI St. Quartzite And Ormolu Lamps
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An extremely unique and most decorative pair of French 19th century Louis XVI st. Quartzite and Ormolu lamps. Each lamp is supported by an Ormolu base below a square Quartzite base w...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Ormolu

Louis XVI Style Gilt Bronze Three-Light Sconce by Gherardo Degli Albizzi
Located in Florence, Tuscany
Louis XVI style gilt bronze three-light sconce with urn top and scroll arms. The vegetal decoration on the body and lower pine finial. Available in different finishings, colors and d...
Category

2010s Italian Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Bronze Lantern, circa 1950
Located in Saint-Ouen, FR
Bronze lantern, circa 1950 Need new electric system. Original glasses missing. Bronze signed.
Category

1950s French Vintage Louis XVI Lighting

French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Ormolu, Baccarat and Rock Crystal Chandelier
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A stunning French mid 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu, Baccarat crystal and rock crystal twelve arm chandelier. The chandelier is centered by a striking solid rock crystal bottom b...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Rock Crystal, Ormolu

19th Century Pair French 'Verde Antico' Marble Table Lamps
Located in Dublin 8, IE
19th Century Pair French 'Verde Antico' Marble Table Lamps in the Louis XVI style with applied ormolu mounts of floral swags, ribbons and acanthus leaf detailing. The pair sit atop s...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Ormolu

Pair of Louis XVI Style Three-Light Wall-Appliques after Jean Hauré, circa 1890
By Jean Hauré, Etienne Forestier
Located in Brighton, West Sussex
A fine pair of Louis XVI style gilt bronze three-light wall-appliques after a Design by Jean Hauré for the Château de St. Cloud. French, circa 1890. ...
Category

Late 19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Pair Of Candlestick Lamps
Located in Atlanta, GA
Fine pair of 19th century patinated bronze candlestick lamps in a Louis XVI style
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Louis XVI Style Gilt and Burnished Bronze Sconce by Gherardo Degli Albizzi
Located in Florence, Tuscany
This Louis XVI Style Gilt and Burnished Bronze Sconce by Gherardo Degli Albizzi two-arm sconce is centred by burnished bronze rod decorated with a spiral v...
Category

2010s Italian Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

20th Century Classic French Chandelier in antique Louis Seize Style bronze
Located in Berlin, DE
Massively beautifully chiselled brass metal, gilded. Strongly ornamented baluster shafts, of which sixteen volute-like curved luminaries emerge. Vase-shaped grommets on profiled eave...
Category

20th Century French Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Ormolu, Crystal and Frosted Crystal Sconces
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A most elegant pair of French 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu, Baccarat crystal and frosted crystal six arm sconces. Each sconce is centered by a lovely mottled elongated back plat...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Ormolu

Pair of French 19th Century Louis XVI St. Ormolu Candelabra Lamps
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An elegant and high quality pair of French 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu candelabra lamps. Each four arm lamp is raised by a beautiful mottled circul...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Bronze and Baccarat Crystal Chandelier
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An elegant French 19th century Louis XVI st. silvered bronze and Baccarat crystal six arm chandelier. The chandelier is centered by a fine solid Baccarat crystal ball below a lovely silvered bronze tier hung by fine beaded garlands...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Bronze

Louis XVI Style Marble and Gilt Bronze Candelabra By Gherardo Degli Albizzi
Located in Florence, Tuscany
This beautiful Louis XVI style marble and gilt bronze column candelabra by Gherardo Degli Albizzi has got a very refined design featured by a classic vegetal motif capital and masks ...
Category

2010s Italian Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Lapis Lazuli, Marble, Malachite, Bronze

Pair French 19th C. Cut Crystal & Dore Bronze Multi-Arm Candelabra w/ Roosters
Located in New York, NY
A Monumental Pair of French 19th Century Cut Crystal and Dore Bronze Multi-Arm Candelabra with Rooster Heads. This ornate, extravagant pair of monumental bronze candelabras exemplif...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Bronze

Pair of Gilt Bronze Mounted Marble Lamps
Located in Atlanta, GA
A Very important pair of gilt bronze mounted Vert des Alpes marble urns, now fitted as lamps in the Louis XVI taste, on socle plinths with square bases. France, circa 1920. Dimension...
Category

1920s French Vintage Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Bronze

Pair of Louis XVI Style Gilt Bronze Wall Sconces
Located in Hamilton, Ontario
Superb pair of large Louis XV style gilt bronze wall sconces. Each sconce features five branches of lights that are sculpted with acanthus leaves, asymmetric scrolls and gadrooned fo...
Category

Early 20th Century French Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

Pair of French 19th Century Louis XVI St. Marble and Ormolu Mounted Lamp
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An elegant and high quality pair of French 19th century Louis XVI st. marble and ormolu mounted lamps. Each lamp is raised by fine floral topie shaped ormolu feet. The square Greek Antique Green marble...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Marble, Ormolu

Pair of French 19th Century Louis XVI St. Ormolu Three Arm Candelabra Lamps
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An elegant pair of French 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu three arm candelabra lamps. Each lamp is raised by a circular stepped base with a lovely wrap around foliate band and beaded design. Above the spiral fluted socle pedestal is a fine berried laurel pattern...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

French Mid-19th Century Louis XVI Style Marie Antoinette Crystal Chandelier
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A very elegant French mid 19th century Louis XVI st. Marie Antoinette Baccarat crystal chandelier. With six S scrolled ormolu arms joined by crystal garlands accented with tear drop ...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Ormolu

Louis XVI Style Gilt-Bronze and Cut-Glass Eight-Light Chandelier
Located in Brighton, West Sussex
A fine Louis XVI style gilt-bronze and cut-glass eight-light chandelier, French, Circa 1900.
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Ormolu Five-Arm Chandelier
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An exceptional French 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu five arm chandelier. The chandelier is centered by a charming and richly chased bottom floral finial below fine palmettes and ...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

Pair of Gilt Bronze Sconces Louis XVI Style
Located in Marseille, FR
Pair of gilded bronze light wall sconces with babies. French work of the early 19th century. Louis XVI style.
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

French 19th Century Louis XVI St. Baccarat Crystal And Ormolu Chandelier
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A truly stunning and resplendent French 19th century Louis XVI st. Baccarat crystal and ormolu chandelier. This air balloon shaped chandelier has a unique and very rare cut Baccarat ...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Ormolu

Louis XVI Style Gilt Bronze and Faux Lapis Wall Sconce by Gherardo Degli Albizzi
Located in Florence, Tuscany
On this Louis XVI style gilt bronze and faux lapis wall sconce by Gherardo Degli Albizzi it's possible to appreciate the handcrafted work of gilt bronze decorations such as branch's ...
Category

2010s Italian Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze, Enamel

French 19th Century Louis XVI Style Ormolu and Silvered Bronze Chandelier
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An elegant and high quality French 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu and silvered bronze eight arm chandelier. The chandelier is centered by a finely chased bottom acorn finial joine...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze, Ormolu

19th Century French Louis XVI Carved and Giltwood 6 Light Chandelier
Located in Dallas, TX
Superb 19th century French Louis XVI style carved and giltwood chandelier with 6 lights. Exceptional carvings on this elegant piece! Makes an impressive statement!
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Giltwood

French 19th Century Louis XVI St. Ormolu And Frosted Glass Lantern
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
An elegant French 19th century Louis XVI st. ormolu and frosted glass lantern. The lantern is centered by a fine and richly chased bottom floral finial amidst large beautiful acanthu...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

A pair of Italian early 19th century Louis XVI st. Giltwood, Gilt metal sconces
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A beautiful and very unique pair of Italian early 19th century Louis XVI st. Giltwood, Gilt metal, and Crystal sconces. Each seven light sconce is centered by a gilded sphere which c...
Category

Early 19th Century Italian Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Metal

French 19th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu sconces
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A large scale and high quality pair of French 19th century Louis XVI st. Ormolu sconces. Each beautiful three arm sconces is centered by a foliate decorated bottom finial. The finial...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Ormolu

French 19th Century Louis XVI St. Baccarat Crystal and Ormolu Lamp
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A charming French 19th century Louis XVI st. Baccarat crystal and ormolu lamp. The lamp is raised by a striking and most decorative Baccarat crystal body with a lovely circular folia...
Category

19th Century French Antique Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Crystal, Ormolu

Pair of Louis XVI style bronze sconces circa 1930.
Located in Saint-Ouen, FR
Pair of Louis XVI style bronze sconces circa 1930.
Category

1930s French Vintage Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Bronze

20th Century Wall Sconce in the Louis Seize Style
Located in Berlin, DE
A classicist wall sconce with finely chiselled bronze. Basket-shaped body made of handcut French ball prisms in the course of broad, ornamental-reliefed ring connected centrally plac...
Category

20th Century French Louis XVI Lighting

Materials

Brass

Louis Xvi lighting for sale on 1stDibs.

Find a broad range of unique Louis XVI lighting for sale on 1stDibs. Many of these items were first offered in the 21st Century and Contemporary, but contemporary artisans have continued to produce works inspired by this style. If you’re looking to add vintage lighting created in this style to your space, the works available on 1stDibs include lighting, decorative objects, asian art and furniture and other home furnishings, frequently crafted with metal, bronze and other materials. If you’re shopping for used Louis XVI lighting made in a specific country, there are Europe, France, and Italy pieces for sale on 1stDibs. While there are many designers and brands associated with original lighting, popular names associated with this style include Oggetti D'Arte, Edward F. Caldwell & Co., Alexandre Vossion, and Gherardo Degli Albizzi. It’s true that these talented designers have at times inspired knockoffs, but our experienced specialists have partnered with only top vetted sellers to offer authentic pieces that come with a buyer protection guarantee. Prices for lighting differ depending upon multiple factors, including designer, materials, construction methods, condition and provenance. On 1stDibs, the price for these items starts at $212 and tops out at $470,000 while the average work can sell for $7,500.

Recently Viewed

View All