Art Deco Burmese Ruby and Diamond Ring In Platinum, GIA Certified.
Located in New York, NY
True to Art Deco style, the ring combines the architectural lines with intricate craftsmanship, creating a timeless composition that feels both bold and refined.
Diamond, Ruby, Platinum
French 1920s Art Deco Natural Ceylon Sapphire Diamonds Platinum Ring
Located in Poitiers, FR
Ring in platinum ring, dog head hallmark. A sublime Art Deco ring, its platinum setting follows the curve of the finger and holds a large oval Ceylon sapphire of soft blue brilliance...
Diamond, White Diamond, Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco Style Platinum Heart Ring with Diamonds and Emeralds
Located in Aventura, FL
This enchanting Art Deco style ring captures romance and sophistication, crafted in lustrous platinum and 18kt yellow gold and featuring a magnificent 1.75-carat heart-shaped emerald...
Diamond, White Diamond, Emerald, Gold, Yellow Gold, Platinum
Art Deco inspired old European cut diamond sapphire platinum halo ring
Located in Beverly Hills, CA
Their deep blue color forms a vivid contrast against the bright diamonds and sleek platinum setting, emphasizing the crisp architectural lines typical of Art Deco design.
Blue Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco style 1.14 carat heart sapphire diamond platinum bombe ring
Located in Beverly Hills, CA
This contemporary ring channels the elegance of Art Deco design with a 1.14 carat heart shape sapphire at its center, radiating rich color and charm.
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco Half Carat Old European Cut Ring. Diamond Engagement Ring Platinum JVS2
Located in New York, NY
Age: Antique Era: Art Deco Era, Circa 1925 Primary Stone: Diamond Primary Stone Weight: Approx. 0.50-Carats Primary Stone Cut: Old European Cut Primary Stone Color: J Color Primary ...
Diamond, Platinum
Sapphire and Diamond Art Deco Style Navette Platinum Dress Ring
Located in London, GB
A fantastic reproduction of an Art Deco style piece, this stunning ring feels as exquisite as it looks.
Diamond, White Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
$5,700Sale Price|25% Off
Art Deco GIA Certified 0.50 Carat Diamond Sapphire Platinum Engagement Ring
Located in Hong Kong, HK
Surrounding the center stone is a stunning halo of natural blue sapphires totaling 0.98 carats, cut to perfection and arranged in a bold geometric setting that evokes timeless Art De...
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Vintage Art Deco 2.08ct Diamond Platinum Round Engagement Ring Sz. 5.75
Located in Morris Plains, NJ
A stunning Art Deco platinum engagement ring featuring a total of approximately 2.08 carats of diamonds.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 1.60 Carat Old European Cut Ring. Diamond Accent Ring Platinum J VS1
Located in New York, NY
Primary Stone: Diamond Carat Weight: Approx 1.60 Carats Color: J Clarity: VS1 Cut: Old European Cut Accent Stones: Diamonds Accent Stone Weight: Approx 0.26 Carats Jewelry Type: Ri...
Diamond, Platinum
Antique 18ct Gold & Platinum, 1920s Art Deco Diamond Bombe Ring
Located in Brighton, GB
Introducing a stunning 18ct gold and platinum Art Deco ring. This fabulous bombe-shaped design showcases a dazzling diamond centre stone perfectly placed on top.
Diamond, Gold, 18k Gold, Platinum
Art Deco Carre Cut Sapphire Wedding Ring. Hand Engraved Eternity Band Platinum
Located in New York, NY
Age: Vintage Era: Art Deco Era, Circa 1930 Primary Stone: Sapphire Primary Stone Cut: Carre Cut Jewelry Type: Wedding Band Jewelry Style: Eternity Band Metal: Platinum Ring Size: 5...
Platinum
1.89 Carat Oval Kashmir Blue Sapphire & Diamond Platinum Art Deco Vintage Ring
Located in Miami, FL
Art Deco platinum ring featuring dual-certified 1.89 carat oval blue sapphire with medium strong saturation surrounded by 10 round brilliant diamonds totaling 1.70 carats (F-G/VS-SI).
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco diamond 14k yellow gold and platinum bezel set ring
Located in Beverly Hills, CA
This elegant Art Deco diamond ring is a timeless 1930’s design, centered by an old European cut diamond weighing approximately 0.30 carat.
Diamond, Gold, 14k Gold, Yellow Gold, Platinum
1.36ct Vivid Blue Ceylon Sapphire & Diamond Platinum Modern Art Deco Ring
Located in Birmingham, GB
All set in a beautifully made 900 platinum ring. A sleek and modern design with clear art deco influences.
Diamond, Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, White Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Old European Cut Diamond Antique Engagement Ring in Platinum
Located in beverly hills, CA
This stunning vintage art deco era engagement ring is crafted in platinum and features a dazzling old European diamond center, estimated to be 0.85 carat., G color and VS clarity.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco aquamarine diamond cluster ring in 18k gold and platinum, Wedding ring
Located in PARIS, FR
Art Deco aquamarine and diamond ring in 18-karat gold and platinum.
Aquamarine, Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
1.89 Carat Oval Kashmir Blue Sapphire & Diamond Platinum Art Deco Vintage Ring
Located in Miami, FL
Art Deco platinum ring featuring dual-certified 1.89 carat oval blue sapphire with medium strong saturation surrounded by 10 round brilliant diamonds totaling 1.70 carats (F-G/VS-SI).
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco GIA 3.11 carat old European cut diamond platinum engagement ring
Located in Beverly Hills, CA
Crafted in platinum and hallmarked with purity marks, the ring beautifully reflects the sophistication and craftsmanship of the Art Deco era.
Diamond, Platinum
French 1920s Art Deco Cultured Pearl Diamonds Platinum Domed Ring
Located in Poitiers, FR
Ring in platinum, dog's head hallmark. An Art Deco ring, its dome-shaped setting is openworked with diamond and arrowhead motifs, each adorned with antique-cut brilliant-cut diamonds.
Diamond, White Diamond, Pearl, Cultured Pearl, Platinum
Art Deco FIligree Engagement Ring. 0.80ct Old European Cut Diamond Platinum KVS1
Located in New York, NY
Other Details: Primary Stone: Diamond Carat Weight: Approx 0.80 Carats Color: K Clarity: VS1 Cut: Old European Cut Secondary Stones: Diamonds Total Additional Diamond Weight: Appro...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco French Cut Diamond & Sapphire Platinum Full Eternity Wedding Band Ring
Located in Miami, FL
Ring size 6.5, contact for sizing. Product Specifications: Item Type: Full Eternity Wedding Band — Art Deco Style: Art Deco Period: 1930 Metal: Platinum Size: 6.5 (adjustable) Weigh...
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Antique 1920s 1.17 Carat European Cut Diamond Platinum Art Deco Ring
Located in Boston, MA
Antique 1920s European Cut Diamond Platinum Art Deco Ring - The center European Cut diamond weighs 1.17ct with K color and VS1 clarity.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Style 1950s 1.89 Carat Diamond and Platinum Cocktail Ring
Located in Jesmond, Newcastle Upon Tyne
This stunning, fine and impressive rectangular diamond ring has been crafted in platinum. The pierced decorated rectangular, Art Deco style setting is ornamented with three feature ...
Diamond, Platinum
Vintage 1930s Art Deco 1.16 Carat European Cut Diamond Platinum Ring
Located in Boston, MA
The diamond sit low in an Art Deco platinum setting accented with 6 single cut diamonds.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Platinum Diamond and Jade Cabochon Ring
Located in New York, NY
Art Deco Platinum Diamond and Jade Cabochon Ring Description: An elegant ring centering on a richly colored jade cabochon of vibrant green, mounted in an ornate platinum setting.
Diamond, White Diamond, Jade, Platinum
French Late Art Deco Natural Ceylan Sapphire Diamonds Platinum Ring
Located in Poitiers, FR
Ring in platinum, dog head hallmark. Sublime and imposing Art Deco ring, it is set with a natural and certified cushion-cut sapphire on its domed top.
Diamond, White Diamond, Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco GIA 3.02 carat old mine cut diamond platinum engagement ring
Located in Beverly Hills, CA
This extraordinary Art Deco engagement ring is a beautifully refined jewel from the 1930’s, centered by a GIA-certified old mine cut diamond weighing an impressive 3.02 carats.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Ruby, Diamond, Gold and Platinum Plaque Ring, circa 1920
Located in London, GB
A ruby and diamond early Art Deco plaque ring, with five principle old-cut diamonds, set horizontally, in platinum rub over settings, with a surround of calibré rubies, in a rectangu...
Diamond, Ruby, Gold, Platinum
Art Deco Sapphire, Old Cut Diamond and Platinum Ring, 1.30 Carats
Located in London, GB
An Art Deco sapphire and diamond ring, with a central old cut diamond, weighing an estimated 1.30 carats, in our opinion the colour is I and our opinion of the clarity is VS, in a mi...
Diamond, Sapphire, Blue Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco 1.95 Carat Ceylon Sapphire and Diamond Platinum Ring
Located in Montgomery, AL
Ceylon sapphires are most known for their bright hue that is lighter than the traditional deep blue sapphires of other origins. This Art Deco platinum ring features a unique sapphire...
White Diamond, Blue Sapphire, Platinum
Antique Art Deco Platinum Filigree Old European Cut Diamond Solitaire Ring
Located in Philadelphia, PA
A fine antique diamond ring. In an Art Deco filigree platinum setting.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Platinum Filigree Old Euro Cut 2.06tcw H I1 Diamond Ring
Located in New York, NY
This Art Deco ring is crafted in platinum and showcases Old European cut diamonds totaling approximately 2.06 carats.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 2.50 Carat Ring. Old European Cut Engagement Ring Platinum L SI1 1925
Located in New York, NY
This is a rare opportunity to own an extraordinary piece of antique jewelry. Age: Antique Era: Art Deco Era, Circa 1925 Primary Stone: Diamond Primary Stone Carat: Approx. 2.50-Cara...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Antique Platinum Wedding Band, Stacking Ring, 5-4-24, Size 7.75
Located in Upland, CA
About This Ring: A timeless Art Deco wedding band carrying the intimate inscription "H.E. to D.P. 5-4-24," a beautiful reminder of a cherished moment in time.
Platinum
Art Deco 1920s Platinum 0.78ctw Diamond Solitaire Ring with Diamond Shoulders
Located in Staines-Upon-Thames, GB
The diamond studded shoulders lead to a plain, polished band of platinum. A beautiful example of Art Deco design and skill.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Style 1.05 Carat Diamond and Platinum Solitaire Engagement Ring
Located in Jesmond, Newcastle Upon Tyne
A stunning contemporary 1.30 carat diamond (total) and platinum solitaire ring in the Art Deco style; an addition to our contemporary engagement ring range.
Diamond, Platinum
$4,127Sale Price|35% Off
Art Deco 0.55 Carat Old European Diamond Platinum Filigree Engagement Ring
Located in Santa Barbara, CA
(A tiny nibble on a crown facet not visible to naked eye) Era: 1920's Art Deco Metal: Platinum Center Stone: Diamond Carat Weight: 0.55 Cut: Old European Color: J Clarity: VS1 Addi...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Antique Platinum Wedding Band, Stacking Ring, Feb 20 - 1921, Size 5
Located in Upland, CA
About This Ring: A timeless Art Deco wedding band carrying a beautiful love story.
Platinum
Art Deco style 1990 Platinum Cocktail Ring with Peridot and Diamonds
Located in Aventura, FL
Weighing 6.1 grams, this piece is a testament to refined craftsmanship and sophisticated design. Period: 1990's Style: Art Deco Style Metal: Platinum Stone: Natural Diamonds & Perid...
Diamond, White Diamond, Peridot, Platinum
Art Deco Platinum and 1 Carat Diamond Ring. Old European Diamond Engagement Ring
Located in New York, NY
Age: Antique Era: Art Deco Era, Circa 1925 Primary Stone: Diamond Primary Stone Weight: Approx. 1.00-Carats Primary Stone Cut: Old European Cut Primary Stone Color: I Color Primary ...
Diamond, Platinum
Vintage Art Deco Diamond Onyx Ring Platinum Filigree Octagon Jewelry
Located in Torrance, CA
Elegant & finely detailed Art Deco era ring (circa 1920s to 1930s) crafted in 900 platinum.
Diamond, White Diamond, Onyx, Platinum
Art Deco 2.02Ctw Old European Cut Diamond Vintage Engagement Ring in Platinum
Located in Boston, MA
An Art Deco engagement ring featuring a 1.5 carat Old European cut diamond.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Round Brilliant-Cut 0.80 Carat Diamond Platinum Ring, Circa 1935
Located in London, GB
An Art Deco diamond ring, set with a round brilliant-cut diamond, weighing approximately 0.80 carats, in the centre, in a grain set square setting, with four eight-cut diamonds, in a...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Diamond Filigree Platinum Solitaire Engagement Ring Estate Fine Jewelry
Located in Montreal, QC
Beautiful Art Deco Diamond Engagement Ring centering a Brilliant cut Diamond, approx. 0.45 carat; wonderful H color and VS2 clarity, milgrain setting; shank is 18K and top mounting i...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
Oscar Caplan Art Deco 2.20 Carat Onyx 0.50 Carat Diamond Platinum Ring
Located in Jesmond, Newcastle Upon Tyne
A stunning, fine and impressive, vintage Art Deco 2.20 carat onyx and 0.50 carat diamond, platinum ring; part of our diverse collection of onyx jewelry.
Diamond, Onyx, Platinum
Art Deco Vintage Platinum 2.53ct Diamond Solitaire Ring, Circa 1920, Women's
Located in Zurich, Zollstrasse
A classic Art Deco Platinum Diamond solitaire ring comprising a transitional brilliant cut diamond of 2.53 ct., J color, si clarity in a claw setting with unusual diamond shoulders...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Diamond Platinum Engagement Ring Mined .80 Carat Original 1940s .80ct
Located in Dearborn, MI
Genuine Original Antique from the 1940's Art Deco Diamond Platinum Engagement Ring .80ct Featuring a Genuine Natural Mined .67ct Round Brilliant Cut Diamond Center We Weighed the ...
Diamond, Platinum
Vintage Art Deco Diamond solitaire ring, Engagement ring, 18k gold and platinum
Located in NEWARK, GB
If you are looking for a classic vintage engagement ring then look no further than this. Marks and era: Stamped Plat and 18ct to the inner band for 18ct gold and platinum, c1930s, A...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Yellow Gold, Platinum
$3,550Sale Price|20% Off
Art Deco Style with 0.88ct Diamonds & pear cut Sapphires Platinum Ring
Located in MADRID, ES
A stunning Art Deco-inspired platinum ring, featuring brilliant-cut diamonds and sapphires.
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco–Style Platinum Diamond & Onyx Ring — 1.15 Carats, Size 6.75
Located in Miami, FL
A platinum ring featuring a dramatic combination of diamonds and sleek black onyx, designed in a bold Art Deco–inspired motif.
Diamond, Onyx, Platinum
$10,388Sale Price|20% Off
ART DECO 1930 Platinum Cocktail Ring With Star Blue Moonstone & Diamonds
Located in Miami, FL
An art-deco platinum ring with moonstone and diamonds.
Diamond, Moonstone, White Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco GIA 1.75 carat old mine cut diamond platinum engagement ring
Located in Beverly Hills, CA
A captivating embodiment of 1930s romance, this authentic Art Deco engagement ring showcases a remarkable 1.75 carat old mine cut diamond certified by GIA.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Inspired Platinum Diamond 10.77 Carat Australian Opal Engagement Ring
Located in Los Angeles, CA
Latest of my creations. A breathtaking Art Deco Inspired Australian Opal Baguette and Round Diamond Engagement Ring Handmade in 90% Platinum.
Diamond, Opal, Platinum
Art Deco style 1.35 carat old European cut diamond sapphire platinum ring
Located in Beverly Hills, CA
This beautiful Art Deco style diamond and sapphire ring brings together antique-inspired romance, rich color, and refined contemporary craftsmanship.
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Vintage Art Deco Ring Diamond Turquoise Onyx Platinum Cocktail Jewelry
Located in Torrance, CA
Finely detailed vintage Art Deco diamond, turquoise & onyx cocktail ring (circa 1920s to 1930s) crafted in platinum.
Diamond, White Diamond, Onyx, Turquoise, Platinum
Intricate Vintage Platinum Diamond and Sapphire Art Deco Engagement Ring 2.50ct
Located in San Francisco, CA
Love love love it!! This Intricate Vintage Diamond and Sapphire Engagement Ring is a work of art! Crafted in Platinum, the design features an intricate pattern of sapphires, beaded e...
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Fascination with the Jazz Age is endless, and even today jewelry designers continue to be inspired by authentic Art Deco jewelry and watches.
The Art Deco period, encompassing the 1920s and ’30s, ushered in a very distinct look in the design of jewelry. There were many influences on the jewelry of the era that actually began to take shape prior to the 1920s. In 1909, Serge Diaghilev brought the Ballet Russes to Paris, and women went wild for the company’s exotic and vibrant costumes It’s no wonder, then, that jade, lapis lazuli, coral, turquoise and other bright gemstones became all the rage. There already existed a fascination with the East, particularly China and Japan, and motifs consisting of fans and masks started to show up in Art Deco jewelry.
However, the event that had the greatest influence on Deco was the excavation of the tomb of King Tut in 1922. When the world saw what was hidden in Tut’s burial chamber, it sent just about everyone into a frenzy. Pierre Cartier wrote in 1923 that “the discovery of the tomb will bring some sweeping changes in fashion jewelry.” And he couldn’t have been more right. “Egyptomania” left an indelible mark on all of the major jewelry houses, from Cartier to Van Cleef & Arpels, Boucheron and Georges Fouquet. (Cartier created some of the most iconic jewelry designs that defined this era.)
While a lot of Art Deco jewelry was black and white — the black coming from the use of onyx or black enamel and the white from rock crystal and diamonds — there is plenty of color in jewelry of the era. A perfect accent to diamonds in platinum settings were blue sapphires, emeralds and rubies, and these stones were also used in combination with each other.
Many designers employed coral, jade and lapis lazuli, too. In fact, some of the most important avant-garde jewelers of the period, like Jean Després and Jean Fouquet (son of Georges), would combine white gold with ebony and malachite for a jolt of color.
A lot of the jewelry produced during this time nodded to current fashion trends, and women often accessorized their accessories. The cloche hat was often accented with geometric diamond brooches or double-clip brooches. Backless evening dresses looked fabulous with sautoir necklaces, and long pearl necklaces that ended with tassels, popular during the Edwardian period, were favored by women everywhere, including Coco Chanel.
Find unique Art Deco necklaces, earrings, bracelets and other jewelry on 1stDibs.
Antique diamond rings, diamond tiaras and dazzling vintage diamond earrings are on the wish lists of every lover of fine jewelry. And diamonds and diamond jewelry are primarily associated with storybook engagements and red-carpet grand entrances — indeed, this ultra-cherished gemstone has a dramatic history on its hands.
From “A Diamond Is Forever” to “Diamonds Are a Girl’s Best Friend,” pop culture has ingrained in our minds that diamonds are the most desired, the most lasting and the most valuable gemstone. But what makes the diamond so special? Each stone — whether it’s rubies, sapphires or another stone — is unique and important in its own right. April babies might claim diamonds for themselves, but just about everyone wants this kind of sparkle in their lives!
There are several factors that set diamonds apart from other stones, and these points are important to our gem education.
Diamonds are minerals. They are made up of almost entirely of carbon (carbon comprises 99.95 percent; the remainder consists of various trace elements). Diamonds are the hardest gemstones, ranking number 10 on the Mohs Hardness Scale. Even its name, diamond, is rooted in the Greek adamas, or unconquerable. The only object that can scratch a diamond is another diamond. Diamonds are formed deep within the earth at very high temperatures (1,652–2,372 degrees Fahrenheit at depths between 90 and 120 miles beneath the earth’s surface) and are carried up by volcanic activity. Diamonds are quite rare, according to the Gemological Institute of America, and only 30 percent of all the diamonds mined in the world are gem quality.
In the 1950s, the Gemological Institute of America developed the 4Cs grading system to classify diamonds: clarity, color, cut and carat weight. Not all diamonds are created equal (there are diamonds, and then there are diamonds). The value of the diamond depends on the clarity (flawless diamonds are very rare but a diamond's value decreases if there are many blemishes or inclusions), color (the less color the higher the grade), cut (how the diamond’s facets catch the light, certain cuts of diamonds show off the stone better than others) and carat weight (the bigger, the better).
When you start shopping for a diamond engagement ring, always prioritize the cut, which plays the largest role in the diamond's beauty (taking the time to clean your diamond ring at least every six months or so plays a role in maintaining said beauty). And on 1stDibs, a range of buying guides can be found for those in the market for antique engagement rings, vintage engagement rings or Art Deco engagement rings.
Shop antique and vintage diamond rings, diamond necklaces and other extraordinary diamond jewelry on 1stDibs.
Antique and vintage rings have long held a special place in the hearts of fine jewelry lovers all over the world.
No matter their origin or specific characteristics, rings are timeless, versatile accessories. They’ve carried deep meaning since at least the Middle Ages, when diamond rings symbolized strength and other kinds of rings were worn to signify romantic feelings or to denote an affiliation with a religious order. Rings have also forever been emblematic of eternity.
Over time, rings have frequently taken the form of serpents, which have long been associated with eternal life, health and renewal. Italian luxury jewelry house Bulgari has become famous for its widely loved Serpenti motif, for example, and its Serpenti ring, like the other accessories in the collection, began as an homage to jewelry of the Roman and Hellenistic eras. The serpent is now a popular motif in fine jewelry. Jewelry devotees have long pined for rings adorned with reptiles, thanks to antique Victorian rings — well, specifically, Queen Victoria’s illustrious engagement ring, which took the form of a gold snake set with rubies, diamonds and an emerald (her birthstone). Designs for Victorian-era engagement rings often featured repoussé work and chasing, in which patterns are hammered into the metal.
Engagement rings, which are reliably intimidating to shop for, are still widely recognized as symbols of love and commitment. On 1stDibs, a range of buying guides can be found for those in the market for antique engagement rings, vintage engagement rings or Art Deco engagement rings.
The most collectible antique engagement rings and vintage engagement rings are those from the Victorian, Edwardian and Art Deco eras. Named for the monarchies of the four King Georges, who in succession ruled England starting in 1714 (plus King William’s reign), antique Georgian rings, be they engagement rings or otherwise, are also coveted by collectors. Pearls, along with colored gemstones like garnets, rubies and sapphires, were widely used in Georgian jewelry. The late-1700s paste jewelry was a predecessor to what we now call fashion or costume jewelry.
The Art Nouveau movement (1880–1910) brought with it rings inspired by the natural world. Antique Art Nouveau rings might feature depictions of winged insects and fauna as well as women, who were simultaneously eroticized and romanticized, frequently with long flowing hair. Art Deco jewelry, on the other hand, which originated during the 1920s and ’30s, is by and large “white jewelry.” White metals, primarily platinum, were favored over yellow gold in the design of antique Art Deco rings and other accessories as well as geometric motifs, with women drawn to the era’s dazzling cocktail rings in particular.
Whether you’re hunting down a chunky classic for a Prohibition-themed cocktail party or seeking a clean contemporary design to complement your casual ensemble, find an exquisite collection of antique, new and vintage rings on 1stDibs.
Learn about these antique jewelry styles, then choose a design that speaks to you.
Ready to rock? Some of our favorite jewelry designers and dealers share indispensable advice for choosing that most important ring.
Will your beloved be enchanted by an Edwardian ring or a trendy Art Deco piece? We clue you into period styles and tips for finding the perfect ring.