1910s Paintings

Henry Ward Ranger (1858 - 1915) Stony Cove and Headland, 1910 Oil on canvas 28 x 36 inches Signed lower right Provenance: McDonough Gallery, New York William Macbeth Galleries, New York American Art Association, The Completed Pictures Left by the Late Henry Ward Ranger, 1917, Lot 72 A key person in the establishment of the Old Lyme, Connecticut art colony in 1899, Henry Ward Ranger is regarded as the leader of the Tonalist movement in America and was a leading painter in this country in the late 19th and early 20th-centuries. He was born in Geneseo and raised in Syracuse, New York, and in 1873, enrolled in the College of Fine Arts at Syracuse University, where his father was a professor of photography and drawing. Two years later, he became a re-toucher of paintings in his father's studio and did not earn a college degree. He also spent much time in New York City, where he was a writer of music criticism and visited galleries, where he had his first exposure to French Barbizon painting...

This superb British portrait oil painting is by noted artist George Spencer Watson and is dateable to 1913. The sitter is Lillian Gardiner ( Mrs ...

CELSO LAGAR Spanish, 1891 - 1966 NATURE MORTE signed "Lagar" lower left oil on canvas 18-1/4 X 21-3/4 inches (46 X 55 cm.) framed: 23-3/8 X 27-1/8 (59 X 68.5 cm.) PROVENANCE Privat...

Ferdinand Burgdorff (American, 1881-1975) Pantheum Moonlight, 1916 Oil on canvas Signed and dated lower right 16 x 24 inches 21.5 x 29.5 inches, framed Born in Cleveland, Ohio, Ferd...

Here for your consideration is an outstanding oil on canvas painting by Max Silbert. Signed lower right. Circa 1915. Recently professionally cleaned with no restorations. The fra...

La obra no va firmada, es de autor anónimo Se presenta sin enmarcar la obra El estado de la obra es aceptable Medidas obra: 61 cm altura x 50 cm ancho

Signed with monogram, lower left, 'AN' for Albert Naur (Danish, 1889-1973) and dated 1919. Albert Naur first studied Philosophy and Law in Copenhagen (1908-1911) while painting in a...

Raoul DUFY The Dance, c .1910 Original woodcut Signed with stamp of the artist's studio Numbered on /220 Titled in the board 50.5 x 65.4 cm (c. 19.6 x 25.5 inch) Excellent condition

An original Scottish Impressionist oil by John Henderson. This fine painting dates to circa 1910 and is an oil on canvas in a stunning and fresh palette. The wooded moorland stream l...

Signed and dated post impressionist riverscape oil on canvas by French painter Ferdinand du Puigaudeau. This stunning and large work depicts a view of the river Loire in Nantes, Fran...

An original oil on canvas by the British listed artist Darsie Japp. It was painted circa 1930 and depicts two woman at a table having a drink. A very evocative inter war oil painting. Provenance. James Bourlet Framers. Sotheby 12.11.86. Condition. Oil on canvas, 28 inches by 22 inches unframed and in excellent condition. Housed in a gallery frame, 36 inches by 30 inches framed in good condition. Darsie Japp (1888-1973) was born in Liverpool and attended St John's College of the University of Oxford. After he graduated he worked in the offices of his father's shipping company in the City of London between 1904 and 1907. Whilst working in the City Japp studied at the night school of the Lambeth School of Art under Philip Connard. Japp studied at the Slade School of Art between 1908 and 1909, where he became friends with his fellow student Stanley Spencer and would often visit him in his home at Cookham in Berkshire. Japp specialised in landscape and figure paintings and exhibited with the New English Art Club of which he became a member in 1919. At the start of the First World War Japp joined the British Army and, eventually, became a Major in the Royal Field Artillery commanding an artillery battery in Macedonia, for which he was awarded the Military Cross...

Signed lower right, 'Emerson' for William C. Emerson (American, 1865-1937) and dated 1910. Original card board, verso, was additionally signed 'W. C. Emerson' and titled, 'The Dance' (images included were taken prior to lay down). Displayed in a period, carved and giltwood frame; framed dimensions: 27.75 x 33.75 x 1.5 inches. Born in London, England, William Emerson...

This quietly atmospheric painting by Jon Loman captures a group of four hooded crows in a snow-covered winter landscape. Three of the birds perch on a rustic wooden fence, while the ...

"Houseboats in Moon Light", a rare early 20th century tonalist nocturnal harbor landscape scene at Greenbrae Boardwalk, San Rafael, California by Charles Rollo Peters (American, 1862-1928), 1912. Inscribed "Charles Rollo Peters Greenbrae, 1912" in the lower left corner. Presented in an antique giltwood frame. Image size: 19.5"H x 25.25"W Auction record high for this noted Nocturnal and Tonalist artist is $58,000. Rare works like this one range $30,000-$35,000. (Note: the photos showing the inscribed signature have been adjusted to show contrast and the artists inscribed signature in other photos enhanced by acrylic over inscription in the oil paint for visibility). Although not noted on verso, the title is taken from two others done the same year at Greenbrae Boardwalk near San Rafael, California. Charles Rollo Peters (American, 1862-1928), called "The Poet of Night", is best known for his Tonalist landscapes, especially nocturnes, with much of his subject matter being scenes around his home in Monterey, California. James McNeill Whistler, who promoted the Tonalist aesthetic in Europe, was a major influence on his painting, and "is reported to have said that Peters was the only artist other than himself who could paint nocturnes." (Gerdts) As Peters matured, his life became increasingly tumultuous, but the one stable part of his existence was his painting. He continued to pour his emotions into his work, creating lonely, mysterious nocturnes with a palette of deep blues and blacks. The scenes were invariably dotted with a speck of light emanating from the moon or a lighted window. His landscapes usually displayed a more prominent sky view and often included a winding path or road trailing off in the distance. Peters was born in San Francisco in 1862 to a wealthy family, and in San Francisco attended Bates Private School for Boys and the City College, where his talent for sketching and painting became obvious and was encouraged. After graduation from the College, he spent time as a commercial artist, but this pursuit did not hold his interest. In the mid 1880s, he began to study privately with Jules Tavernier and also attended classes with Virgil Williams and Christian Jorgensen at the California School of Design. During this period, he painted Bay-Area scenery. In 1886, he began a four-year period of study and travel in Europe, enrolling in Paris at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and the Academie Julian. His teachers were Jean-Leon Gerome and Fernand Cormon. In San Francisco, where he returned in 1890, he met and married Kathleen Mary Murphy, and the couple immediately departed for an extended trip to England and France. Peters painted the countryside and produced numerous landscape paintings, especially moonlit views of Brittany and Paris---his first nocturnes, encouraged by the aesthetic of Whistler, whose influence was pervasive in England and France. Upon his return to California about 1895, Peters held a large show in San Francisco and was able to sell many of his works. Soon after, he and his family relocated to Monterey, California where Peters became interested in California adobe ruins and missions as subjects for his paintings. Night paintings with rich blues highlighted by moon light became his signature work. Like most Tonalists, he painted in his studio. It was written of him that Monterey residents often saw him "wandering about in the semi-darkness, taking down notes here and there, studying the different phases of light, and creating a vivid mental picture of the scene he wished to paint." (Lowrey 158) In 1899, he made a tour with his collection of paintings through Chicago, Maine, Long Island, and New York City where he held a solo exhibition at the Union Club and received very favorable publicity. One reviewer of the Union Club work wrote: "The artist has studied the atmospheric effect of the night to good purpose, and in the representation of the silvery gray of moonlight he has arrived at singular proficiency." Peters returned to Monterey in 1900, and purchased thirty acres of land where he built an estate. He exhibited in the annual exhibitions of the San Francisco Art Association and the Bohemian Club. Along with William Keith, Xavier...

Frank Nelson Wilcox (American, 1887-1964) Frosty Dawn, Upstate New York, c. 1916 Watercolor and gouache on board Signed lower right 21 x 30 inches Frank Nelson Wilcox (October 3, 1887 – April 17, 1964) was a modernist American artist and a master of watercolor. Wilcox is described as the "Dean of Cleveland School painters". In 1906 Wilcox enrolled from the Cleveland School of Art...

Signed lower right, 'A. W. Kerr' for Alexander Kerr (Australian, 1875-1950) and painted circa 1920. Inscribed on original frame, 'Menam River, Bangkok, ...

Carl Johansson (1863-1944) Sweden Vangforsen, Ramsele, 1915 oil on canvas signed and dated Carl Johansson 15 unframed: 50 x 65.5 cm (19 5/8 x 25 3/4 in) framed: 68 x 83 cm (26 3/4 ...

William Anderson Coffin (1855 - 1925) Springtime Landscape, circa 1910 Oil on canvas 30 x 24 inches Signed lower right Landscape and figure painter William Anderson Coffin was born...

This superb exhibited Scottish interior oil painting with excellent provenance is by noted artist Patrick William Adam. Painted in 1915 it was exhibited that year at the Royal Scottish Academy and entitled the Drawing Room, 27 Drumsheugh Gardens which is in the Haymarket area of Edinburgh. It was lent for exhibition by its owner, J R Findlay who was Sir John Richie Findlay (1866-1930) 1st Baronet and Chairman of the National Galleries of Scotland and for a long time Chairman of the Edinburgh College of Art. He was also an original member of the Royal Fine Art Commission for Scotland. The painting is of a magnificent drawing room with a table with white flowers, possibly narcissi on in the middle. To the left is a glass cabinet with ornaments and to the right are several paintings on the wall in beautiful gilt frames, caught in the light. although the walls are quite dark, the section of wall below the dado rail is light yellow as are the coving and ceiling, really lightening the painting. There are numerous other ornaments and vases in the room and we can just see the edge of a much larger painting to the left. The detail and brushwork are superb as is the depiction of glancing. This is an excellent example of Adam's work with very good exhibition and ownership provenance and a really beautiful Scottish interior oil painting. Signed lower right and dated 1915. Provenance. Exhibited at the Royal Scottish Academy in 1915 no. 281 entitled The Drawing Room, 27 Drumsheugh Gardens (Haymarket Edinburgh) Lent by J R Findlay esq. P Findlay written on strecher verso. Written on stretcher verso that the painting was hung in the drawing room, right of fire. Doig, Wilson and Wheatley Edinburgh framers label verso. Remnants of another label verso. 1353 inscribed in chalk on stretcher verso. Condition. Oil on canvas, 35 inches by 25 inches and in good condition. Frame. Housed in the original ornate gilt frame, 43 inches by 33 inches, in good condition. Patrick William Adam RSA (1852-1929) - born in Edinburgh 12 October 1852 to Patrick Adam, a writer, and Louisa Roberts, Patrick William Adam exhibited an early talent for art. He began classes at the RSA in 1874 and studied under William McTaggart and GP Chalmers. Some of his work of that period is in the East Lothian collection: the then curriculum involved intensive study of ‘Old Masters’ – and the production of copies in the Masters’ styles. Adam won the Stuart prize for Life Drawing in 1877, by which time he had already been exhibiting at the RSA for several years He travelled to Rome, Venice and Russia and produced work in several media – watercolour, pastel and (principally) oil; subjects varied from landscapes through portraits to still life but his genre paintings and interiors were reckoned his best work. Much of this was (recognisably) produced from his studio at Ardilea, North Berwick, where he settled in 1908. In 1912 he became a founder member of the Society of Eight, a group of friends who exhibited for many years at the New Gallery in Shandwick Place, Edinburgh. Others in the original group were David Alison, FCB Cadell...

Le vieux pont, Brantôme, Dordogne by Paulémile Pissarro (1884-1972) Oil on canvas 54 x 65 cm (21 ¹/₄ x 25 ⁵/₈ inches) Signed and titled lower left, Paulémile- Pissarro. 1918. An ext...

"Female Nude in a Studio" circa 1910. 19 X 13 1/2 inches, oil on wood panel. Etched signature lower right. Well listed Hungarian artist. Spent his student years under the guidance o...

Manierre Dawson Upper Street, 1912 Oil on board 10 x 15 inches Provenance: The artist Estate of the artist Private Collection (gift of Lillian Dawson, widow of the artist) Hollis Ta...

Signed lower right: 'V. Qvistorff' for Victor Qvistorff (Danish, 1883-1953) and painted circa 1915. Born in Bredegaarde, Denmark, Victor Qvistorff first studied with Hans Andersen Brendekilde. Qvistorff then became a successful business-man and painted only part-time until 1931 when he dedicated himself full-time to his art. Although the author of a notable series of nude studies of his long-time model, Sally Philipsen, Qvistorff is known primarily for his marine scenes- particularly the jewel-like views of Copenhagen harbor...

This beautiful early 20th-century fan design by American-English artist Cyrus Cuneo ROI (1879-1916) depicts a couple with cherubs in an ornamental garden. Cuneo was an accomplished p...

Ruth Anderson Municipal Building, Manhattan, circa 1918 Oil on canvas 25 x 19 inches Ruth A. Anderson was born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania in 1891 and die...

Gorgeous early 20th Century American Impressionist landscape of Connecticut red house by George M. Bruestle (American, 1871 - 1939), November 1914. Signed lower left and on verso. Dated on verso. Presented in gilt-toned wood frame. Image size: 8"H x 10"W. George Matthew Bruestle is an American Realist/Impressionist painter known for his intimate landscapes. Born and raised in New York City, Bruestle studied at the Art Students' League of New York in 1886 at the young age of fifteen and later in Paris. That same year, Bruestle visited Essex, CT and eventually purchased a second home in Hadlyme, Old Lyme as the Art Colony formed. Bruestle's main studio was in New York City. Inspired by Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot [1796-1875] and other French landscape painters, Bruestle's style was a mix of Early Realism and Early Impressionist techniques. He was an adept draftsman and his paintings favored earlier European examples but, later took on a brighter Impressionist palette and brushy quality of the Old Lyme Art...

Signed oil on panel circa 1910 by sought after French post impressionist painter Pierre Eugène Montezin. The piece depicts a view of Rue des Hussiers in Neuilly sur Seine, France. Bl...

John White Alexander Tired, circa 1910 Inscribed on the reverse: Mrs Lee Bauer, _____, Inscribed on the reverse: "Tired" Watercolor on paper 16 1/2 x 13 inches John White Alexander...

Wonderful early 20th century still life of a Japanese Shisa (lion/dog), a floral design vase and a brass coffee pot by Wilfred A. Readio (American, 1895-1961), 1920. Signed "Wilfred ...

Ivan Summers: 1889-1964. Well listed and important American impressionist. He has had auction results as high as $6,670. He studied at the St. Louis Scho...

This superb, large and vibrant Modern British figurative landscape oil painting is by noted Slade School artist Franklin White. Painted circa 1920 it was exhibited at the New England...

An fine period watercolor, dated 1910, an illustration by Charles Edmund Brock (English, 1870-1938). This, from a semi-autobiographical novel written by William Makepeace Thackeray, "Pendennis", in full "The History of Pendennis: His Fortunes and Misfortunes, His Friends and His Greatest Enemy." The novel was published in monthly installments from 1848 to 1850 and published in book form in two volumes in 1849–50. Below this image is a quote from "Pendennis," Chapter VI, "Captain Costigan leaves Pendennis & Miss Fotheringay at the great window looking out into the Deans Garden". Signed lower left. Displayed in a rustic giltwood frame. Image, 8.5"H x 6.25"W. Charles Edmund Brock was a widely published English painter, line artist and book illustrator, who signed most of his work C. E. Brock. He received his first book commission at the age of 20. He became very successful, and illustrated books for authors such as Jonathan Swift, William Thackeray, Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, and George Eliot. Brock also contributed pieces to several magazines such as The Quiver, The Strand, and Pearsons...

Fight Between Two Boys, Saturday Evening Post cover study, 1911

A charming oil on board circa 1910 by sought after Post-Impressionist painter Victor Charreton. Charreton was said to be the painter of colours and this piece, which depicts an allot...

'Arcadia,' a very large Neoclassical Arts & Crafts painting by Thomas Eyre Macklin and William Irving British, 1911, Oil-on-canvas Frame: height 185cm, width 366cm, depth 3cm Canvas: height 182cm, width 364cm Depicting an idyllic scene of a band of women dancing, singing and playing musical instruments, this wonderful and exceptionally large Neoclassical painting...

Georges Paul MASURE (Active 1900s/1910s) Oil on canvas 80 x 65 cm (97 x 82cm with the frame) Signed and dated lower right "G. P. Masure / 1912" Painting exhibited at the Salon des Indépendants in 1913 (2032. « Fleurs et japoneries ») Beautiful 19th century frame Georges Paul Masure was a Parisian painter in the Montparnasse area. He exhibited at the Salon des Indépendants in the years 1900/1910. Our painting is the painting he exhibited at the Salon des Indépendants in 1913 under the number 2032 and titled "Flowers and Japaneries". It represents a still life with a bunch of flowers, a magnificent basket of oranges, a pomegranate and a Japanese sculpture with a little fisherman with a red Koi carp. 2500 years ago, when the son of Confucius was born, he received as a gift from King Shoko of Ro, a fish that was first called Koi. It represents the symbol of strength, because this fish was the only one able to go up the steam of the Yellow River. Owning a koi will long remain the prerogative of the Japanese nobility. The dominant colors in the painting are orange and red. And in Japanese Shinto...

The S.S. San Jose shown making way in medium water. This early refrigerated freighter, built in 1904, was designed to transport bananas between the Caribbean and the American mainlan...

Early 20th century Still Life with Fruits is by Reginald Bathurst Birch (1856-1943). Birch is best known as the famous illustrator of Frances Hodgeson Burnett's book 'Little Lord...

Initialed lower left, 'H.S.' for Henrik Schouboe (Danish, 1876-1949) and painted circa 1915. Henrik Schouboe first studied at the Copenhagen's Royal Academy of Fine Arts from 1894-1901 and, from 1903-1910, in Italy and Paris. He was awarded numerous stipends and scholarships including the Larssen (1902-3) and the Akademie Scholarship in 1908. In 1906, he had exhibited for the first time at the Charlottenborg where his submitted entry was purchased by the leading Danish painter of the time, Kristian Zahrtmann, for his personal collection. Schouboe continued to exhibit both domestically and internationally for over thirty years and was the recipient of a variety of prizes, medals and juried awards including the purchase of his 1908 Charlottenborg entry, 'Young Couple in a Landscape', by the State Museum of Art for inclusion in the Danish national collection. Schouboe's work is held in the permanent collections of numerous museums including Copenhagen, Aabenraa, Maribo and the Aalborg Art Museums. We are pleased to offer a delicate and psychologically penetrating portrait of this beautiful and determined girl on the cusp of womanhood. Reference: Thieme-Becker Allgemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zu Gengenwart, Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker, Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag 1992, Vol. 30, p. 269; E. Benezit, Dictionnaire des Peintres, Sculpteurs, Dessinateurs, et Graveurs, Jacques Busse, 1999 Nouvelle Édition, Gründ 1911, Vol. 12, p. 520; Weilbach, Dansk Kunstnerleksikon, the Castle and Cultural Agency, Copenhagen; Dansk Kunst (Charlottenborg), 1927: Taf. 27, 1928: Taf. 38, 1929: Taf. 46; S. Michaëlis i: Art VII, 1905-06; Vilh. Wanscher i: Kunstbl. 1909-10, 71f; Harald Giersing...

Antique American school modernist circus scene by Ann Taube Goodman (Born 1905). Oil on canvas, circa 1925. Signed. Displayed in a modernist fra...

JOSÉ MONGRELL Spanish, 1870 - 1937 VALENCIAN FLOWER PICKERS signed “J. Mongrell” lower left oil on canvas 29-1/4 x 45 inches (74 x 114 cm.) framed: 42-3/...

Autumn Landscape Oil on relined canvas, c. 1915 Signed lower right corner: "Royal H. Milleson" Condition: Excellent Canvas size: 14 1/2 x 20 3/8 inches Frame size: 19-1/4 x 25-1/4 x 2-1/2 inches Clearly among the artist's finest paintings! Provenance: Private Collection, Greencastle, Indiana Ray H. French Collection (1919-2000) Martha A. French Trust Royal Hill Milleson...

This superb 1913 late Pre-Raphaelite spring landscape oil painting is by noted Birmingham artist Edward Steel Harper Junior. The title, Life Kindled from a Fiery Birth is from Swinbu...

Johann Berthelsen and one of New York city’s best known artists along with Guy Wiggins, depicting the streets, parks and skyline of New York. When he first arrived in New York he ga...

*PLEASE NOTE UK BUYERS WILL ONLY PAY 5% VAT ON THIS PURCHASE. Place Jean-Baptiste-Clément by Maurice Utrillo (1883-1955) Oil on cradled panel 51.3 x 76.2 cm (20¹/₄ x 30 inches) Signed towards lower right, Maurice. Utrillo. V. Executed circa 1918 This work is accompanied by a certificate of authenticity from the Comité Utrillo. Painted circa 1918, this Utrillo oil...

A beautiful signed and dated 1910 oil on canvas portrait of an Irish Wolfhound, by Henry Crowther. Excellent quality and condition portrait of the Wolfhound by this very popular do...

Frederic Milton Grant (1886 - 1959) Low Tide, 1916 Oil on canvas 16 1/4 x 18 1/8 inches Signed and dated lower right Housed in a Stanford White Newcomb-Macklin frame. Exhibitied: Ar...

A substantial, early twentieth-century oil showing two children, wearing period summer dress and posed beside a well, with a view beyond across lush green lawns...

This early 20th-century oil painting by Dutch artist Jelle Troelstra (1891-1979) depicts a seated woman wearing a floral top and dark grey dress. With eyes closed and hands held upo...

Suprematist composition. 1919, paper/gouache 21,5 x 28,5 cm Gustav Klucis (1895-1938) Latvian painter, sculptor, graphic artist, designer and teacher, ...

Antique American modernist flower still life oil painting. Oil on canvas, circa 1910. Signed on verso. Image size, 18L x 23H. Housed in a period frame.

Signed figurative pastel on canvas circa 1910 by French genre painter Pierre Carrier-Belleuse. The work depicts three ballerinas wearing white tutus, warming up in a studio. Carrier-Belleuse was a contemporary of Edgar Degas and they exhibited simultaneously at the major Salons in Paris. This classic example evokes the Belle Epoque period in french history and is superbly executed. Signature: Signed lower right Dimensions: Framed: 29"x24" Unframed: 26"x21" Provenance: Private French collection Pierre Carrier-Belleuse studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris under Alexandre Cabanel and the interior decorative artist Pierre Victor Galland. He started out as an oil painter and produced genre compositions, such as his Final Rendezvous. From 1885, however, he opted to work exclusively in pastel, producing a large number of sketches and portraits but always remaining faithful to his earlier genre compositions. Examples include Pierrot, Harlequin, Woman with Cat. The periodical Figaro Illustré published a large number of his sketches of dancers, a recurrent theme throughout his work. From 1875, Pierre Carrier-Belleuse exhibited frequently at the Paris Salon, receiving an honourable mention in 1887 and being awarded a silver medal at the Exposition Universelle of 1889. Museum and Gallery Holdings: Dunkirk: Dancer Adjusting her Shoe (pastel) Gray: On the Dunes; In the Sun La Rochelle: Dancer Le Puy-en-Velay: Fantasy Mulhouse: Mule's Bonnet Paris (Municipal Collection): Tender Vow (pastel) Versailles...

An outstanding example of the new-impressionist work of Rodolphe Wytsman . This large canvas depicts a tranquil summer day on the Meuse river near the town of Dave. Wytsman painted a number of landscapes in this area between 1910 and 1911 at the height of his artistic career. The use of colour and neo-impressionist execution are testament to his position as one of the finest Belgian painters of this period alongside Van Rysselberghe, Claus, Montigny and Georges Morren...

Robert Spencer paints a sun-drenched scene of figures moving about outside red clay buildings in his work entitled, “Courtyard at Noon.”

Robertson K. Mygatt (American, 1862-1919) Green Field and Barn Oil on panel, 6 1/8 x 9 7/8 inches Framed: 10 x 15 inches The landscape painter and etcher Robertson K. Mygatt was born in New York City and studied at the Art Students’ League with John Twachtman...

Artist: Alfred Oliver, British (1886 - 1921) Title: A Pair of Pheasants in Sussex Landscape Year: circa 1910 Medium: Oil on Canvas, signed l.r. Size: ...

A pleasant impressionist landscape by well known American artist Charles Herbert Woodbury (1864-1940). Woodbury was born in Lynn, MA, and sold his first painting when he was fifteen ...

Sorting the Catch John C Gray (Scottish, 1880-1951) oil on canvas, framed signed and dated 1914 framed: 18 x 22 inches canvas: 13 x 16 inches provenance: private collection, Scotland...