Art Deco Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring, circa 1920s
Located in London, GB
Dating to approximately the 1920s, this solitaire has an old cushion cut, weighing 0.64 carat, set to centre. Estimated as I in colour and SI1 in clarity, the stone has proudly been ...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
Late Art Deco Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring, circa 1940s
Located in London, GB
This stunning engagement ring is a diamond solitaire on an 18 carat yellow gold band. The dazzling stone has been estimated as a G in colour and SI1 in clarity, which is a typical qu...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
1930s English Art Deco old mine diamond solitaire ring
Located in London, GB
Art Deco old mine diamond solitaire ring. Centrally set with a cushion shape old mine diamond, G colour, VS1 clarity in an open back fancy claw setting with a weight of 3.01 carats, ...
Diamond, Platinum
Vintage Art Deco Platinum and White Gold .62ct Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring
Located in New York, NY
Elegant Vintage Platinum Diamond Engagement Ring. The top part of the ring was made mid-century and boasts a transitional cut diamond, the shank was later replaced and is made in 14k...
Diamond, 14k Gold, Platinum
Art Deco 2.40ct Sapphire and Diamond Solitaire Ring, c.1920s
Located in London, GB
Taking centre stage in this beautiful Art Deco solitaire ring is a dazzling blue sapphire.
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco 1 Carat Old European Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring
Located in Santa Barbara, CA
This 1 carat Art Deco engagement ring is a stunning solitaire with a 100 year old history.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 0.67 Carat Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring, circa 1920s
Located in London, GB
This lovely art deco engagement ring features a 0.67 carat old cut diamond. It is great quality, with a grade of G colour and VS1 clarity. Two old cut diamonds sit to either side of ...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 0.80ct Diamond Solitaire Flower Blossom Motif Vintage Engagement Ring
Located in Boston, MA
Aston Estate Jewelry Presents: An art deco period engagement ring featuring a 0.80 carat Old European cut diamond, set in a classic prong setting. The diamond boasts an H color gr...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 5.28 Carat Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring c.1920s
Located in London, GB
This rare and unique Art Deco engagement ring presents an opulent IGL certified, 5.28 carat, old european cut diamond within its original handmade platinum setting. The diamond is c...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 0.45 Carat Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring, circa 1920s
Located in London, GB
A beautiful 0.45 carat transitional cut diamond is showcased in this Art Deco Engagement Ring. The diamond is F colour and VS2 clarity. It is claw set in the patterned platinum shoul...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
French Art Deco 1.50 Ct Diamond Twin Solitaire Buckle Ring
Located in Napoli, IT
This outstanding Art Deco ring is 1935 ca Substantially hand crafted solid 18 KT gold with Platinum portions It bears French hallmarks Masculine and strong character is expressed by ...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
Art Deco 0.91ct Diamond Solitaire, c.1920s
Located in London, GB
This wonderful take on the classic solitaire design was handcrafted in the 1920s. The Art Deco piece showcases a 0.91 carat old cut diamond at its centre. The diamond has a colour of...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 1.15ct Diamond Solitaire, c.1930s
Located in London, GB
This striking Art Deco solitaire ring proudly features a 1.15 carat transitional cut diamond.
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 4.23ct Old Cushion Cut Diamond Solitaire Ring, circa 1930s
Located in London, GB
A stunning 4.32 old cushion cut carat diamond sparkles in this late art deco engagement ring. The diamond is certified by WGI as a K colour, and VVS2 clarity, making it great quality...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 4.38 Carat Step-Cut Diamond Flanked Solitaire Ring, circa 1930
Located in London, GB
Art Deco step-cut diamond flanked solitaire ring.
Diamond, Platinum
French 1930s Diamond 18 Karat Platinum Solitaire Ring
Located in Poitiers, FR
Ring in platinum, dog-head hallmark. Antique platinum solitaire ring, set with an antique cushion-cut diamond on the front, secured by high prongs, accompanied on either side by 2 x ...
Diamond, White Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Ceylon Sapphire and Diamond Flanked Solitaire Ring, circa 1920
Located in London, GB
Ceylon sapphire and diamond flanked solitaire ring. Set to centre with an oval old cut natural unenhanced Ceylon sapphire in an open back claw setting with an approximate weight of 7...
Diamond, Sapphire, 18k Gold, Platinum
Late Art Deco 1.50 Carat Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring, circa 1930s
Located in London, GB
A lovely transitional cut diamond shines in this late art deco ring. The diamond was certified by EDR as G colour and SI2 clarity, and has lovely fire. It is claw set in platinum, on...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
Art Deco 1945 Ceylon Sapphire 2.55ct & Diamond 0.20ct Platinum Ring
Located in Jesmond, Newcastle Upon Tyne
A stunning, fine and impressive vintage 2.55 carat Ceylon sapphire and 0.20 carat diamond, platinum Art Deco ring; part of our diverse collection of sapphire engagement rings.
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Round Aquamarine Ring. 1.80ct Aquamarine Diamond Accent Solitaire Ring Platinum
Located in New York, NY
Primary Stone: Diamond Primary Stone Weight: Approx. 1.80-Carats Primary Stone Cut: Round Brilliant Cut Secondary Stone: Diamonds Secondary Stone Cut: Calibre Baguette Cut Jewelry ...
Aquamarine, Platinum
$13,040Sale Price|20% Off
French Art Deco Engagement Ring. 1.70ct Old Euro Cut Ring Platinum Engraved KVS2
Located in New York, NY
Other Details: Primary Stone: Diamond Carat Weight: Approx 1.70 Carats Color: K Color Range: J–K–L–M Clarity: VS2 Clarity Range: VS1–VS2 Cut: Old European Cut Jewelry Type: Ring St...
Diamond, Platinum
Platinum Diamond Art Deco Engagement Ring - Transitional Round .48ctw Vintage
Located in Greensboro, NC
Size: 6 1/4 Sizing Fee: Up 2 sizes for $50 Era: Art Deco Date: 1930s - 1940s Metal Content: Platinum Stone Information Natural Diamond Carat(s): .35ct Cut: Transitional Round Col...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 0.25 Carat Diamond Solitaire Ring, circa 1940s
Located in London, GB
This ring dates to the 1940s but has strong influences from the Victorian era. The classic and timeless design centres a 0.25 carat round brilliant diamond. It has been estimated as ...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
Art Deco Diamond and Sapphire Solitaire Ring, circa 1920s
Located in London, GB
A stunning Diamond solitaire ring supported by lovely deep blue sapphires, this ring is completely art deco.
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Late Deco 1.80ct Diamond Solitaire Ring, c.1940s
Located in London, GB
With stepped shoulders and strong angular lines the stylings of this platinum ring simply screams classic Late Art Deco.
Diamond, Platinum
$2,640Sale Price|20% Off
Solitaire Aquamarine Ring. 1.50ct Cushion Natural Aquamarine Diamond Platinum
Located in New York, NY
Ring Size: 4.25 US, Resizable Metal: Platinum Stone: Diamond, Aquamarine Stone Cut: Other Cut Style: Art Deco This exquisite ring showcases a vibrant and deeply saturated approx 1...
Aquamarine, Diamond, Platinum
$960Sale Price|20% Off
Timeless Amethyst Ring. 2.30ct Round Cut Amethyst Solitaire Ring Platinum 1925
Located in New York, NY
Age: Antique Era: Art Deco Era, Circa 1925 Primary Stone: Amethyst Primary Stone Weight: Approx. 2.30-Carats Primary Stone Cut: Round Cut Jewelry Type: Cluster Ring Jewelry Style: ...
Amethyst, Platinum
Antique Art Deco Platinum 0.91ctw Old Cut Diamond Engraved Engagement Ring
Located in Montclair, NJ
We can custom size this ring, although the engraved pattern will no longer be continuous along the bottom of the shank - Please contact us prior to purchase with sizing inquires) Rin...
Diamond, Platinum
Mid Century Tsavorite Garnet 1.65ct Solitaire Ring in Platinum
Located in Boston, MA
An exquisite ring showcasing a 1.65-carat antique cushion-cut tsavorite garnet, radiating a vibrant green hue. Set in a sleek platinum band, this piece embodies elegance and sophist...
Tsavorite, Platinum
Art Deco 1.21 Carat Diamond Solitaire, circa 1930s
Located in London, GB
A classic solitaire engagement ring featuring a 1.21 carat diamond. The sparkling diamond is a transitional cut diamond, I in colour and VS2 in clarity. It has held within a platinum...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 2.05 Carat Emerald and Diamond Platinum Statement Cocktail Ring
Located in Montreal, QC
2.05 Carat Emerald-Cut Emerald and Old European Cut Diamond Platinum Vintage Art Deco Solitaire Cocktail Ring.
Diamond, Emerald, Platinum
Late Deco 0.70ct Diamond Solitaire ring, c.1940s
Located in London, GB
Classic in it’s design, this is this Late Deco solitaire features a 0.70 carat round brilliant diamond. The diamond has been graded as an F in colour and SI2 in clarity and has been...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
Art Deco Flanked Solitaire Step Cut Diamond Ring, circa 1925
Located in London, GB
Art Deco flanked solitaire step cut diamond ring.
Diamond, Platinum
Art-Deco 0.30ct Old European Cut Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring in 18K/Plat.
Located in MELBOURNE, AU
Of timeless solitaire design this piece is dating back to an Art-Deco period – c1930’s Centrally set with an Old-European Cut Diamond of 0.30ct approx.
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
1.48ct Old Cut Diamond and Platinum Art Deco Vintage Engagement Ring
Located in London, GB
Introducing a charming engagement ring that promises to stand out from the crowd and enchant with its unique vintage beauty. Dating back to circa 1950's, this exquisite ring is craf...
Diamond, Platinum
Antique Art Deco Platinum 3.34ctw GIA European Diamond Sapphire Engagement Ring
Located in Montclair, NJ
Here we have an absolutely magnificent, antique, diamond engagement or cocktail ring that was crafted from solid platinum during the art deco period.
Diamond, Sapphire, Platinum
Art Deco Diamond Engagement Ring Mined .56 Carat Original 1930's Platinum
Located in Dearborn, MI
Genuine Original Antique from 1930's Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring .56ct Old European Cut Featuring a Genuine Natural Mined .50ct Old European Cut Diamond Center Hand Engraved...
Diamond, Platinum
GIA Certified 2.00 ct Emerald‑Cut Diamond Solitaire Ring in 950 Platinum
By VimleshBadaya
Located in Jaipur, RJ
Mirror‑Bright Platinum, Modern Art‑Deco Majesty Experience the clarity of pure geometry and the authority of platinum in this refined masterpiece.
Diamond, Platinum
Oval Engagement Ring. GIA 1ct Diamond Accent Solitaire Ring Platinum G VS2
Located in New York, NY
Ring Size: 6.75 US, Resizable Certification: GIA Certificate Color: G Color Clarity: VS2 Metal: Platinum Stone: Diamond Stone Cut: Rose Cut Style: Art Deco Total Weight: 2.72 Grams ...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco GIA 1.06 carat old mine cut diamond platinum solitare engagement ring
Located in Beverly Hills, CA
This authentic Art Deco solitaire engagement ring centers on a 1.06 carat old mine cut diamond certified by GIA under report number 2537678685.
Diamond, Platinum
Vintage Platinum 1.63ct GIA Certified Circular Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring
Located in Montclair, NJ
--Stone(s):-- (1) Natural Genuine Diamond - Circular Brilliant Cut - Prong Set - H Color - SI2 Clarity - 1.33ct (exact - certified) ** See Certification Details Below for Complete In...
Diamond, Platinum
Late Deco 2.00ct Diamond Solitaire Ring, c.1930s
Located in London, GB
A 2.00ct old cut diamond sits in the centre of this superb solitaire engagement ring dating back to the 1930's. It has been graded by EDR as I-J in colour and SI3 in clarity. Flanked...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
Late Deco Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring, circa 1940s
Located in London, GB
A classic diamond solitaire, this engagement ring features a 0.40 carat diamond in the centre. It is a round brilliant diamond estimated as an F in colour and SI in clarity. It has b...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
Vintage Platinum 1.50ctw Round Solitaire w/ Baguette Diamond Engagement Ring
Located in Montclair, NJ
This gorgeous vintage diamond engagement ring was crafted from solid platinum during the 1940's. It features a stunning and super fiery old transitional cut diamond neatly pave set a...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 0.61 Carat Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring, circa 1920s
Located in London, GB
This classic engagement ring dates to the art deco era. A lovely 0.61 carat old cut diamond is the centrepiece, it is I colour and SI1 clarity. Six platinum claws securely hold the d...
Diamond, 18k Gold, Platinum
Antique Classic Art Deco Platinum 1.64ct GIA Old Diamond Pyramid Engagement Ring
Located in Montclair, NJ
We can custom size this ring, although the engraved pattern will no longer be continuous along the bottom of the shank - Please contact us prior to purchase with sizing inquires) Rin...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco 1.20 Carat Old European Fancy Yellow Diamond Platinum Engagement Ring
Located in South Pasadena, CA
GIA report certified fancy yellow 1.20-carat old European-cut diamond and platinum Art Deco solitaire engagement ring circa 1925. * ABOUT THIS ITEM: #A8099.
Yellow Diamond, Platinum
Vintage Platinum 0.73ctw Old European Prong Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring
Located in Montclair, NJ
Here we have a gorgeous, vintage, diamond engagement ring that was crafted from solid .900 platinum. It features an old European cut diamond uniquely prong set at the center, weighin...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Diamond Engagement Ring Mined 1/2 Carat Original 1947 Platinum .50ct
Located in Dearborn, MI
Genuine Original Antique from 1947 Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring .50ct Cut Featuring a Genuine Natural Mined .42ct Round Brilliant Cut Diamond Center Hand Engraved Details We...
Diamond, Platinum
Art Deco Diamond Engagement Ring Mined .87ct Original 1940's-1950's Platinum
Located in Dearborn, MI
Genuine Original Antique from 1940's-1950's Diamond Solitaire Engagement Ring .87ct Cut Featuring a Genuine Natural Mined .75ct Round Brilliant Cut Diamond Center Nice Thick Shank...
Diamond, Platinum
Platinum Art Deco Diamond Engagement Ring - European .69ctw Vintage
Located in Greensboro, NC
Metal Content: Platinum 950 Stone Information Natural Diamond Carat(s): .51ct Cut: European Color: J Clarity: SI1 Carat(s): .18ctw Cut: Single Color: G - H Clarity: VS1 - VS2 Tot...
Diamond, Platinum
$916Sale Price|20% Off
Art Deco Sapphire Ring .65 ct Round Original 1930's Antique Flowers Platinum
Located in Dearborn, MI
Genuine Original Art Deco Antique from 1930's Vintage Sapphire .65ct Round Solitaire Platinum Featuring a Deep Royal Blue .65 Carat Genuine Natural Round Sapphire Center Two Hand...
Sapphire, Platinum
Late Deco 2.25 Carat Diamond Solitaire Ring, C.1930s
Located in London, GB
A divine solitaire engagement ring set with a gorgeous 2.25 carat old European diamond in the centre. Baguette cut diamonds have been elegantly flanked to either side in rub over set...
Diamond, Platinum
1940s Late Art Deco Platinum 1+ Carat Euro Cut Diamond Engagement Ring
Located in Lexington, KY
This is an absolutely gorgeous Art Deco ring in platinum with a stunning 1+ carat old Euro cut diamond center accented by two beautiful baguette diamonds!
Diamond, Platinum
1.18 Carat Diamond and Platinum Solitaire Engagement Ring
Located in Jesmond, Newcastle Upon Tyne
This fine diamond engagement ring ring has been crafted in platinum. The solitaire ring displays a stunning feature antique 1.18Ct Old European round cut diamond held in relief in a...
Diamond, Platinum
$44,240Sale Price|20% Off
French Art Deco 3 Carat Engagement Ring. GIA old Euro Cut Platinum Engraved KSI1
Located in New York, NY
Other Details: Primary Stone: Diamond Carat Weight: Approx 3.00 Carats Certification: Gemological Institute of America Color: K Clarity: SI1 Cut: Old European Cut Jewelry Type: Ri...
Diamond, Platinum
2.40 Carat Old Cut Diamond Solitaire Platinum Engagement Ring, circa 1920s
Located in London, GB
This spectacular antique solitaire engagement ring features a beautiful 2.40ct Victorian old mine cut diamond neatly set at its centre in a six claw, open back platinum collet. Delic...
Diamond, Platinum
Fascination with the Jazz Age is endless, and even today jewelry designers continue to be inspired by authentic Art Deco jewelry and watches.
The Art Deco period, encompassing the 1920s and ’30s, ushered in a very distinct look in the design of jewelry. There were many influences on the jewelry of the era that actually began to take shape prior to the 1920s. In 1909, Serge Diaghilev brought the Ballet Russes to Paris, and women went wild for the company’s exotic and vibrant costumes It’s no wonder, then, that jade, lapis lazuli, coral, turquoise and other bright gemstones became all the rage. There already existed a fascination with the East, particularly China and Japan, and motifs consisting of fans and masks started to show up in Art Deco jewelry.
However, the event that had the greatest influence on Deco was the excavation of the tomb of King Tut in 1922. When the world saw what was hidden in Tut’s burial chamber, it sent just about everyone into a frenzy. Pierre Cartier wrote in 1923 that “the discovery of the tomb will bring some sweeping changes in fashion jewelry.” And he couldn’t have been more right. “Egyptomania” left an indelible mark on all of the major jewelry houses, from Cartier to Van Cleef & Arpels, Boucheron and Georges Fouquet. (Cartier created some of the most iconic jewelry designs that defined this era.)
While a lot of Art Deco jewelry was black and white — the black coming from the use of onyx or black enamel and the white from rock crystal and diamonds — there is plenty of color in jewelry of the era. A perfect accent to diamonds in platinum settings were blue sapphires, emeralds and rubies, and these stones were also used in combination with each other.
Many designers employed coral, jade and lapis lazuli, too. In fact, some of the most important avant-garde jewelers of the period, like Jean Després and Jean Fouquet (son of Georges), would combine white gold with ebony and malachite for a jolt of color.
A lot of the jewelry produced during this time nodded to current fashion trends, and women often accessorized their accessories. The cloche hat was often accented with geometric diamond brooches or double-clip brooches. Backless evening dresses looked fabulous with sautoir necklaces, and long pearl necklaces that ended with tassels, popular during the Edwardian period, were favored by women everywhere, including Coco Chanel.
Find unique Art Deco necklaces, earrings, bracelets and other jewelry on 1stDibs.
Antique diamond rings, diamond tiaras and dazzling vintage diamond earrings are on the wish lists of every lover of fine jewelry. And diamonds and diamond jewelry are primarily associated with storybook engagements and red-carpet grand entrances — indeed, this ultra-cherished gemstone has a dramatic history on its hands.
From “A Diamond Is Forever” to “Diamonds Are a Girl’s Best Friend,” pop culture has ingrained in our minds that diamonds are the most desired, the most lasting and the most valuable gemstone. But what makes the diamond so special? Each stone — whether it’s rubies, sapphires or another stone — is unique and important in its own right. April babies might claim diamonds for themselves, but just about everyone wants this kind of sparkle in their lives!
There are several factors that set diamonds apart from other stones, and these points are important to our gem education.
Diamonds are minerals. They are made up of almost entirely of carbon (carbon comprises 99.95 percent; the remainder consists of various trace elements). Diamonds are the hardest gemstones, ranking number 10 on the Mohs Hardness Scale. Even its name, diamond, is rooted in the Greek adamas, or unconquerable. The only object that can scratch a diamond is another diamond. Diamonds are formed deep within the earth at very high temperatures (1,652–2,372 degrees Fahrenheit at depths between 90 and 120 miles beneath the earth’s surface) and are carried up by volcanic activity. Diamonds are quite rare, according to the Gemological Institute of America, and only 30 percent of all the diamonds mined in the world are gem quality.
In the 1950s, the Gemological Institute of America developed the 4Cs grading system to classify diamonds: clarity, color, cut and carat weight. Not all diamonds are created equal (there are diamonds, and then there are diamonds). The value of the diamond depends on the clarity (flawless diamonds are very rare but a diamond's value decreases if there are many blemishes or inclusions), color (the less color the higher the grade), cut (how the diamond’s facets catch the light, certain cuts of diamonds show off the stone better than others) and carat weight (the bigger, the better).
When you start shopping for a diamond engagement ring, always prioritize the cut, which plays the largest role in the diamond's beauty (taking the time to clean your diamond ring at least every six months or so plays a role in maintaining said beauty). And on 1stDibs, a range of buying guides can be found for those in the market for antique engagement rings, vintage engagement rings or Art Deco engagement rings.
Shop antique and vintage diamond rings, diamond necklaces and other extraordinary diamond jewelry on 1stDibs.
Antique and vintage rings have long held a special place in the hearts of fine jewelry lovers all over the world.
No matter their origin or specific characteristics, rings are timeless, versatile accessories. They’ve carried deep meaning since at least the Middle Ages, when diamond rings symbolized strength and other kinds of rings were worn to signify romantic feelings or to denote an affiliation with a religious order. Rings have also forever been emblematic of eternity.
Over time, rings have frequently taken the form of serpents, which have long been associated with eternal life, health and renewal. Italian luxury jewelry house Bulgari has become famous for its widely loved Serpenti motif, for example, and its Serpenti ring, like the other accessories in the collection, began as an homage to jewelry of the Roman and Hellenistic eras. The serpent is now a popular motif in fine jewelry. Jewelry devotees have long pined for rings adorned with reptiles, thanks to antique Victorian rings — well, specifically, Queen Victoria’s illustrious engagement ring, which took the form of a gold snake set with rubies, diamonds and an emerald (her birthstone). Designs for Victorian-era engagement rings often featured repoussé work and chasing, in which patterns are hammered into the metal.
Engagement rings, which are reliably intimidating to shop for, are still widely recognized as symbols of love and commitment. On 1stDibs, a range of buying guides can be found for those in the market for antique engagement rings, vintage engagement rings or Art Deco engagement rings.
The most collectible antique engagement rings and vintage engagement rings are those from the Victorian, Edwardian and Art Deco eras. Named for the monarchies of the four King Georges, who in succession ruled England starting in 1714 (plus King William’s reign), antique Georgian rings, be they engagement rings or otherwise, are also coveted by collectors. Pearls, along with colored gemstones like garnets, rubies and sapphires, were widely used in Georgian jewelry. The late-1700s paste jewelry was a predecessor to what we now call fashion or costume jewelry.
The Art Nouveau movement (1880–1910) brought with it rings inspired by the natural world. Antique Art Nouveau rings might feature depictions of winged insects and fauna as well as women, who were simultaneously eroticized and romanticized, frequently with long flowing hair. Art Deco jewelry, on the other hand, which originated during the 1920s and ’30s, is by and large “white jewelry.” White metals, primarily platinum, were favored over yellow gold in the design of antique Art Deco rings and other accessories as well as geometric motifs, with women drawn to the era’s dazzling cocktail rings in particular.
Whether you’re hunting down a chunky classic for a Prohibition-themed cocktail party or seeking a clean contemporary design to complement your casual ensemble, find an exquisite collection of antique, new and vintage rings on 1stDibs.
Learn about these antique jewelry styles, then choose a design that speaks to you.
Ready to rock? Some of our favorite jewelry designers and dealers share indispensable advice for choosing that most important ring.
Will your beloved be enchanted by an Edwardian ring or a trendy Art Deco piece? We clue you into period styles and tips for finding the perfect ring.