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A Close Look at bauhaus Furniture
The Bauhaus was a progressive German art and design school founded by the architect Walter Gropius that operated from 1919 to 1933. Authentic Bauhaus furniture — sofas, dining chairs, tables and more — and the school’s followers married industrial and natural materials in simple, geometric forms. The goal of the Bauhaus was to erase the distinction between art and craft while embracing the use of new technologies and materials.
ORIGINS OF BAUHAUS FURNITURE DESIGN
- Art and design school established in Germany in 1919
- Promotion of a union of art, craft and technology
- Design intended for mass production
- School’s workshops focused on cabinetry, metalworking, typography, textiles and more
- Informed by De Stijl, Constructivism, Art Nouveau, Arts and Crafts, and modernism; influenced mid-century modernism, Scandinavian modernism
CHARACTERISTICS OF BAUHAUS FURNITURE DESIGN
- Emphasis on craft
- Simplicity, order, clarity and a prioritization of functionalism
- Incorporation of geometric shapes
- Minimalist and refined, little to no ornamentation
- Use of industrial materials such as tubular chrome, steel and plastic as well as leather, cane and molded plywood in furniture and other products
BAUHAUS FURNITURE DESIGNERS YOU SHOULD KNOW
- László Moholy-Nagy
- Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
- Anni Albers
- Josef Hoffmann
- Marcel Breuer
- Marianne Brandt
AUTHENTIC BAUHAUS FURNITURE ON 1STDIBS
The name Bauhaus is derived from the German verb bauen, “to build.” Under the school’s innovative curriculum, students were taught the fine arts, such as painting and sculpture, as well as practical skills like carpentry and metalworking.
The school moved from Weimar in 1925 to the city of Dessau, where it enjoyed its heyday under Gropius, then Hannes Meyer and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. The period from 1932 to 1933 when it operated in Berlin under Mies was its final chapter. Despite its brief existence, the Bauhaus has had an enduring impact on art and design in the United States and elsewhere, and is regarded by many as the 20th century’s chief crucible of modernism.
The faculty roster at the Bauhaus reads like a who’s who of modernist creative genius — it included such artists as Paul Klee, Wassily Kandinsky and László Moholy-Nagy along with architects and designers like Mies and Marcel Breuer, who became known for his muscular brutalist-style concrete buildings in the postwar years. In 1925, while he was head of the Bauhaus carpentry workshop, Breuer gave form to his signature innovation: the use of lightweight tubular-steel frames for chairs, side tables and sofas — a technique soon adopted by Mies and others. Breuer’s Cesca chair was the first-ever tubular steel frame chair with a caned seat to be mass produced, while the inspiration for his legendary Wassily chair, a timeless design and part of the collection crafted to furnish the Dessau school, was the bike he rode around campus.
Bauhaus design style reflects the tenets by which these creators worked: simplicity, clarity and function. They disdained superfluous ornament in favor of precise construction. Seating pieces such as side chairs, armchairs or club chairs for example, were made with tubular metal or molded plywood frames, and upholstery was made from leather or cane. Above all, designs in the Bauhaus style offer aesthetic flexibility. They can be the elements of a wholly spare, minimalist space, the quiet foundation of an environment in which color and pattern come from one’s own collection of art and artifacts.
Today, from textiles to typefaces, architecture, furniture and decorative objects for the home, Bauhaus creations continue to have an outsize influence on modern design.
Find a collection of authentic Bauhaus furniture on 1stDibs.
Finding the Right armchairs for You
Armchairs have run the gamut from prestige to ease and everything in between, and everyone has an antique or vintage armchair that they love.
Long before industrial mass production democratized seating, armchairs conveyed status and power.
In ancient Egypt, the commoners took stools, while in early Greece, ceremonial chairs of carved marble were designated for nobility. But the high-backed early thrones of yore, elevated and ornate, were merely grandiose iterations of today’s armchairs.
Modern-day armchairs, built with functionality and comfort in mind, are now central to tasks throughout your home. Formal dining armchairs support your guests at a table for a cheery feast, a good drafting chair with a deep seat is parked in front of an easel where you create art and, elsewhere, an ergonomic wonder of sorts positions you at the desk for your 9 to 5.
When placed under just the right lamp where you can lounge comfortably, both elbows resting on the padded supports on each side of you, an upholstered armchair — or a rattan armchair for your light-suffused sunroom — can be the sanctuary where you’ll read for hours.
If you’re in the mood for company, your velvet chesterfield armchair is a place to relax and be part of the conversation that swirls around you. Maybe the dialogue is about the beloved Papa Bear chair, a mid-century modern masterpiece from Danish carpenter and furniture maker Hans Wegner, and the wingback’s strong association with the concept of cozying up by the fireplace, which we can trace back to its origins in 1600s-era England, when the seat’s distinctive arm protrusions protected the sitter from the heat of the period’s large fireplaces.
If the fireside armchair chat involves spirited comparisons, your companions will likely probe the merits of antique and vintage armchairs such as Queen Anne armchairs, Victorian armchairs or even Louis XVI armchairs, as well as the pros and cons of restoration versus conservation.
Everyone seems to have a favorite armchair and most people will be all too willing to talk about their beloved design. Whether that’s the unique Favela chair by Brazilian sibling furniture designers Fernando and Humberto Campana, who repurposed everyday objects to provocative effect; or Marcel Breuer’s futuristic tubular metal Wassily lounge chair; the functionality-first LC series from Charlotte Perriand, Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret; or the Eames lounge chair of the mid-1950s created by Charles and Ray Eames, there is an iconic armchair for everyone and every purpose. Find yours on 1stDibs right now.
- What is a lounge chair?1 Answer1stDibs ExpertMarch 29, 2024A lounge chair is a type of recliner that is often accompanied by an ottoman as a footrest. It’s merely a comfortable armchair, and the shapes of lounge chairs as well as the materials used to make this kind of seat are extremely diverse. Whether or not chaise longues make the cut for this category is a matter of frequent debate.
Similar to recliners, there are many styles of lounge chairs. On 1stDibs, find a broad range of unique lounge chairs that includes everything from antique Victorian-era seating to vintage mid-century modern lounge chairs by craftspersons such as Hans Wegner to contemporary choices from today’s innovative designers. - 1stDibs ExpertNovember 8, 2023The difference between a lounge chair and a chair is specificity. A chair is the general term for furniture typically designed to seat one person at a time, and there are many different kinds of chairs, including dining, accent and office chairs. Lounge chairs are another example of a specific type of chair. They are chairs with a footrest that allows you to elevate your feet while sitting. On 1stDibs, explore a large collection of chairs.
- What is a chaise lounge chair?1 Answer1stDibs ExpertNovember 2, 2021A chaise longue chair — or “chaise lounge,” as it is sometimes called in America — is a reclining upholstered sofa that is long enough to support one's legs. A comfortable common ground between sofas and daybeds, early iterations of chaise longues were discovered in Ancient Egypt and were later frequently used in both Greece and Rome. Shop a collection of antique, vintage, and contemporary chaise lounge chairs from some of the world’s top dealers on 1stDibs.
- What are lounge chairs called?1 Answer1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022There are a variety of names that a lounge chair can be called, like chaise, daybed and settee to name a few. Lounge chairs add a classic touch to any décor. You can shop a collection of lounge chairs from some of the world’s top sellers on 1stDibs.
- What makes a lounge chair?1 Answer1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022Not allowing for deviation, a lounge chair is defined as an armless recliner that is paired with an ottoman and designed for relaxing. It is not a reclining chair and it is not an armchair. This is an interesting category where it’s more about the purpose of the chair than the actual design when you get down to it. Shop a collection of lounge chairs from some of the world’s top sellers on 1stDibs.
- How long is a lounge chair?1 Answer1stDibs ExpertApril 22, 2024How long a lounge chair is varies. However, they are generally longer than other types of chairs to accommodate a user's feet in an outstretched position. Most lounge chairs are between 73 and 80 inches long. Shop a diverse assortment of lounge chairs from some of the world's top sellers on 1stDibs.
- What is a sling lounge chair?1 Answer1stDibs ExpertOctober 5, 2021A sling lounge chair is a chair formed of metal or wooden frame to which a piece of flexible material is loosely fitted. It is used to relax while the sitter remains engaged in an activity such as reading a book or having a conversation. Find a variety of vintage and antique sling lounge chairs on 1stDibs.
- Are lounge chairs comfortable?1 Answer1stDibs ExpertJanuary 23, 2024Whether lounge chairs are comfortable or not is a matter of personal opinion. However, providing a comfortable place to sit is the main function of a lounge chair. After all, the addition of the footrest makes it possible to kick up your feet and relax. Many makers design lounge chairs with comfort in mind, adding features like cushioning and/or ergonomic backrests and seats. Explore a wide variety of lounge chairs on 1stDibs.
- 1stDibs ExpertMay 5, 2023The difference between a lounge chair and an accent chair pertains to purpose. Typically, a lounge chair is wider and deeper than an accent chair and tends to have a thicker cushion. These stylistic differences owe to the fact that lounge chairs are meant to provide luxurious, comfortable seating for long periods of time, while accent chairs are more often intended to add visual appeal to a living room. On 1stDibs, shop a collection of living room chairs.
- 1stDibs ExpertNovember 1, 2023A fancy lounge chair is sometimes called a chaise lounge. This type of chair has an elongated shape that supports the sitters legs as well as their upper bodies. The name is French and translates to "long chair." On 1stDibs, shop a collection of chaise lounges from some of the world's top sellers.
- 1stDibs ExpertNovember 14, 2023An indoor lounge chair is sometimes called a chaise longue. However, some people refer to chairs that allow you to elevate your feet while you sit as "lounge chairs," regardless of whether they are indoors or outdoors. Chaise longues differ from recliners, which have moving footrests that can be raised and lowered. On 1stDibs, shop a selection of vintage lounge chairs.
- 1stDibs ExpertDecember 12, 2023Bedroom lounge chairs are sometimes called chaise longues. The name is French for “long chair” and generally refers to a chair with the length of a sofa and the shape of a chair. It's also acceptable to refer to them simply as lounge chairs. On 1stDibs, shop a large selection of lounge chairs.
- 1stDibs ExpertDecember 12, 2023What a Victorian lounge chair is called depends on its style. A piece that is long and narrow and has a raised headrest on one end and a lower backrest on the other is a fainting couch. Upholstered chairs that have long, extended seats meant for reclining are chaise longues. Find a collection of lounge chairs on 1stDibs.
- 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022Yes, the Eames lounge chair is ergonomic. The Eames lounge chair and ottoman are created with molded plywood and leather designed to curve to the human form. The Eames lounge chair is a highly coveted furniture item by both home décor enthusiasts and vintage collectors alike. Shop a selection of Eames lounge chairs on reputable sites, such as 1stDibs.
- 1stDibs ExpertNovember 21, 2023Opinions vary about what the most comfortable lounge chair in the world is. Everyone has their own preferences when it comes to seating. Generally, lounge chairs that feature cushioning and have ergonomic designs that fit the curves of the human body are comfortable options. One iconic example is the Eames lounge chair and ottoman, which its creators, Charles and Ray Eames, designed to serve as "a special refuge from the strains of modern living." On 1stDibs, find a large collection of lounge chairs.
- 1stDibs ExpertDecember 4, 2023Although opinions may vary, the most famous lounge chair in the world is arguably the Eames lounge chair. Charles and Ray Eames designed the chair and unveiled it in 1956. The couple famously called their lounge chair and ottoman "a special refuge from the strains of modern living” and described their design as having the "warm receptive look of a well-used first baseman’s mitt." Its design includes a bentwood frame and an upholstered shape topped off with supple leather. Find vintage Eames lounge chairs for sale on 1stDibs.
- 1stDibs ExpertNovember 1, 2023Yes, you can use a lounge chair in a living room. In fact, the chairs are especially well-suited to use in living rooms. After all, the purpose of a lounge chair is to allow you to lean back and relax, and many people retire to their living rooms to unwind at the end of the day. On 1stDibs, shop a variety of antique and vintage lounge chairs.
- 1stDibs ExpertJanuary 23, 2024Many people call a lounge chair for the living room a chaise longue, meaning "long chair” in French. It's also perfectly acceptable to call a living room chair a lounge chair, as the term doesn't only apply to outdoor furniture. Find a wide variety of lounge chairs on 1stDibs.
- 1stDibs ExpertAugust 17, 2021The best Eames lounge chair reproduction is really a matter of preference. Herman Miller and Vitra currently manufacture the Eames lounge chair and ottoman. On 1stDibs, find a variety of vintage Eames lounge chairs as well as a collection of other seating designed by Charles and Ray Eames.
- 1stDibs ExpertApril 5, 2022In order to repair a Bertoia lounge chair, it is recommended to take your furniture to a licensed, experienced repair shop to avoid damaging your Bertoia further. The Knoll website also has tips and tricks for general maintenance. Shop a collection of properly vetted Bertoia chairs from some of the world’s top boutiques on 1stDibs.