Art Deco Plate Germany
to
78
1,818
202
1,989
1,203
928
618
321
224
180
139
94
62
56
43
35
13
11
10
10
8
4
2
1
1
1,159
386
86
65
24
Sort By
Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Plates 1920-1930 Waechtersbach Germany
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Waechtersbach. Art Deco 1920s-1930s plates. Serving dish
Overall condition A++ (Good). Some
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
German Art Deco Plate by Thomas Porcelain, 1929
By Thomas Porcelain
Located in New York, NY
A beautiful German Art Deco period white and gold porcelain plate signed by artist for the Thomas
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Porcelain
Set Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Ceramic Plates 1920-1930 Esterwalda
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Esterwalda. Art Deco 1920s-1930s plates. 3 serving dishes
Overall condition A++ (Good). Some
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Butter and Plates, 1920-1930
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Art Deco 1920s-1930s plates. A butter tureen, a strainer and plates and saucers.
Overall
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set of Antique / Vintage German/Austria Art Deco Ceramic Plates Wilhemsburg
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Art Deco 1920s-1930s plates. Sugar jar and 2 serving dishes. Wilhemsburg Austria.
Overall
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set of Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Ceramic Plates 1920-1930 Esterwalda
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Esterwalda Germany. Art Deco 1920s / 1930s plates. 9 plates, 2 Serving dishes and 4 saucers
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Ceramic Plates 1920-1930 Esterwalda
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Overall condition A++ (Good). Some minor chips and frits. Measure: Ø 19.5 cm.
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Ceramic Bowls Plates 1920-1930 Esterwalda
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Annaburg, Germany. Art Deco 1920s-1930s plates. Serving bowl nest sets (Some damages and incomplete
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set of Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Butter and Plates, 1920-1930
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Art Deco 1920s-1930s 3 plates. A fruit strainer and a jar
Overall condition A++ (Good). Chip to
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set of Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Ceramic Plates Zell am Hamersbach
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Zell am Hamersbach. Art Deco 1920s-1930s plates. 2 serving dishes
Overall condition A++ (Good
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Objects 1920-1930 Spritz Decor
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Art Deco 1920s-1930s plates. A butter base of a lamp, a jug and a serving bowl.
Overall
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set of Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Objects 1920-1930 Spritz Decor
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
Art Deco 1920s-1930s plates. A butter base of a lamp, a jug and a serving bowl.
Overall
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set of Antique / Vintage German Art Deco 1920 Eva Ziesel Stricker Schramberg Jar
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
A lovely set of 4 Schramberg Bauhaus Art Deco Ceramics by Eva Ziesel Stricker,
1920s Art Deco.
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
H 0.04 in Dm 0.04 in
Set of Antique / Vintage German Art Deco Ceramic Beakers with Tray, 1920-1930
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
SNODA. Art Deco 1920s-1930s 6 beakers and a serving tray
Overall condition A++ (Good). Some minor
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
Set of Antique / Vintage Art Deco Ceramic Tea Cup Vases, 1920-1930, Schramberg
Located in Amsterdam, Noord Holland
A lovely set of 4 Schramberg Germany tea cups and 2 vases, Germany 1920s Art Deco.
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Earthenware
c. 1915-30 Set of 10 Dinner Plates in Rosenthal's "Donatello" Design
By Rosenthal
Located in Chapel Hill, NC
Circa 1915-30 set of 10 dinner plates, Rosenthal's Donatello design. Art Nouveau-Art Deco. Rare
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Porcelain
7-Piece Spritzdekor Ceramic Plate Set Carstens Neuhaldensleben 1930s Airbrush De
By Carstens Tönnieshof
Located in Mannheim, DE
7-Piece plate set consisting of a large flat bowl and 6 small plates. From Carstens Neuhaldensleben
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Dinner Plates
Materials
Ceramic
H 1.78 in W 11.03 in D 11.03 in
2 Art Deco Plates, 1930, German
Located in Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires, C
2-Hanging lamps
Material: Chromed
Style: Art Deco
Country:German
To take care of your property
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Chandeliers and Pendants
Materials
Chrome
WMF German Art Deco Round Silver Plated Box 1910s
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in North Hollywood, CA
WMF German Art Deco Round Silver Plated Box with Lid.
A small Art Deco delicate silver plated box
Category
20th Century German Art Deco Decorative Boxes
Materials
Silver Plate
Antique German Art Deco Wilhelm Wolff Silver Plate Individual Cocktail Shaker
Located in Philadelphia, PA
, and to the strainer for 8.
Simply a wonderful German Deco strainer!
Date:
Early 20th Century
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Barware
Materials
Silver Plate
Art Deco Bauhaus Pendant Nickel-Plated Germany, circa 1920s
By Bauhaus
Located in Wien, AT
Art Deco Bauhaus pendant nickel-plated Germany, circa 1920s
Nickel-plated
Original glass.
Category
Vintage 1920s German Art Deco Chandeliers and Pendants
Materials
Nickel
Two Vintage Art Deco Silver-Plated Pitchers, Germany Early 20th Century
Located in Roma, IT
.
Orginal silver plated metal. Made in Germany.
Very good conditions.
Very beautiful and brilliant
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Pitchers
Materials
Metal, Silver Plate
WMF, Germany, Five Art Deco Facker Serving Parts in Plated Silver, 1930s
Located in Copenhagen, DK
WMF, Germany. Five Art Deco Facker serving parts in plated silver, 1930s.
Largest measures: 20 cm
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Tableware
Materials
Silver Plate
Vintage Handmade Art Deco Candlestick in Silver Plated Brass, Germany, 1930s
Located in Roma, IT
Vintage handmade Art Deco candlestick is an original decorative object realized between the 1930s
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Candelabras
Materials
Brass, Silver Plate
Art Deco German Silver Plated Cocktail Shaker by Carl Deffner c.1930
By Carl Deffner
Located in Bath, GB
condition dating to the Art Deco era, c.1930. 8 1/4" tall x 3 1/2" in diameter.
Item: 43372
FREE
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Barware
Materials
Silver Plate
Art Deco Plate, 1930, German, Materials, Glass and Mirror
Located in Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires, C
Hanging lamp.
Material: glass and mirror.
Style: Art Deco.
Country:German.
To take care of your
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Chandeliers and Pendants
Materials
Glass, Mirror
Vintage WMF Ikora Germany Art Deco Silver Plated Copper Centerpiece Bowl
By WMF Ikora
Located in Philadelphia, PA
Vintage WMF Ikora Germany Art Deco Silver Plated Copper Centerpiece Bowl. Circa Early 20th Century
Category
Early 20th Century Unknown Art Deco Serving Bowls
Materials
Silver Plate
Art Deco German Studio Pottery Wall Plate by Paul Dresler, 1940s
By Paul Dresler
Located in Hamburg, DE
Art Deco German Studio Pottery Wall Plate by Paul Dresler for Töpferei Grootenburg, 1940s, in Very
Category
20th Century German Art Deco Decorative Dishes and Vide-Poche
Materials
Ceramic
Art Deco Plate, 1930, German in Chrome and glass
Located in Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires, C
Hanging lamp.
Style: Art Deco
To take care of your property and the lives of our customers, the new
Category
Vintage 1930s French Art Deco Chandeliers and Pendants
Materials
Chrome
Art Deco Plate in Chrome and glass, 1930, German
Located in Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires, C
Hanging lamp.
Style: Art Deco
To take care of your property and the lives of our customers, the new
Category
Vintage 1930s French Art Deco Chandeliers and Pendants
Materials
Chrome
WMF, Germany. Large "Ikora" Art Deco bowl with three feet, silver-plated. 1940s
Located in Copenhagen, DK
WMF, Germany.
Large "Ikora" Art Deco bowl with three feet, silver-plated with brass inlay
Category
Vintage 1940s German Art Deco Decorative Bowls
Materials
Silver Plate, Brass
W.M.F. Silver Plate Jardinière with Glass, Art Deco Period, Germany, circa 1920
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires
W.M.F. Silver plate jardinière with glass, Art Deco period, Germany, circa 1920.
Category
Vintage 1920s German Art Deco Planters, Cachepots and Jardinières
Materials
Silver Plate
H 14.18 in W 28.35 in D 11.82 in
Art Deco Pendant germany around 1920s
By Bauhaus Deutschland
Located in Wien, AT
Art Deco Pendant germany around 1920s
Brass nickel plated
Original glass shade
Category
Vintage 1920s German Art Deco Chandeliers and Pendants
Materials
Opal, Nickel
WMF, Germany, Large Art Deco Ikora Bowl in Plated Silver Inlaid with Brass
Located in Copenhagen, DK
WMF, Germany. Large Art Deco Ikora bowl in plated silver inlaid with brass.
1940s.
In excellent
Category
Vintage 1940s German Art Deco Decorative Bowls
Materials
Silver Plate, Brass
WMF Silver Plated Fruit Bowl Art Deco
Located in Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires, AR
a glass ornamented with typical Art Deco motifs, such as flowers, fruits
Category
Vintage 1920s German Art Deco Centerpieces
Materials
Silver Plate
Rare Silver Plated Bauhaus Art Deco Shell Bowl by WMF Ikora, Germany 1930s
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in Kirchlengern, DE
Article: silver plated shell element
Producer: WMF, Germany (marked with the wmf ikora signature
Category
Mid-20th Century German Art Deco Centerpieces
Materials
Metal
Art Deco Silver Plated Chiller Jug, Wine, Ice Cold from Germany
Located in Chillerton, Isle of Wight
German Art Deco Crystal and Silver Plated Chiller Jug, Chilled Wine, Ice Cold Lemonade or Beer
Category
20th Century Art Deco Pitchers
Materials
Crystal
2 Art Deco Plates, 1930, German, Materials, Chrome, Glass and Mirror
Located in Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires, C
2-Hanging lamps
Material: Chromed , glass, mirror
Style: Art Deco
Country:German
To take care of
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Chandeliers and Pendants
Materials
Chrome
Art Deco Revival Transparent Box by WMF Germany, 1970s
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in Esbjerg, DK
A stylish plexiglass and silver-plate box by WMF in Germany. Made during the 1970s and art deco
Category
Vintage 1970s German Art Deco Decorative Boxes
Materials
Silver Plate
Art Deco silver plate wine cooler by Quist
Located in Bilzen, BE
A silver plate wine cooler in a strong Art Deco design from the german manufacturer Quist
marked in
Category
Vintage 1920s German Art Deco Wine Coolers
Materials
Silver Plate
German Art Deco Bowl or Wall Plate with Brabant Decor from Villeroy & Boch 1930s
Located in Hamburg, DE
German Art Deco Bowl or Wall Plate with Brabant Decor from Villeroy & Boch, 1930s, in Very Good
Category
20th Century German Art Deco Decorative Dishes and Vide-Poche
Materials
Ceramic
H 2.36 in Dm 13.78 in
WMF 'Württembergische METALLWARENFABRIK', Germany, Art Deco Pen Tray with Box
Located in Copenhagen, DK
WMF (Württembergische METALLWARENFABRIK), Germany. Art Deco pen tray with a box in silver plated
Category
Vintage 1940s German Art Deco Desk Sets
Materials
Silver Plate
H 1.58 in W 10.63 in D 2.37 in
Antique German Art Deco Weimar Porcelain "Lily & Ducks" Seafood Plate ca 1910s
Located in New Orleans, LA
Antique German Art Deco "Weimar" porcelain seafood plate with hand painted lily & ducks, circa 1910
Category
Early 20th Century German Porcelain
Materials
Porcelain
H 1.25 in W 9 in D 8.25 in
German Art Deco Rally Car Desk Compendium by WMF
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in Newark, England
From our Collectables category, we are thrilled to offer to the market this rare example Art Deco
Category
Early 20th Century German Art Deco Desk Sets
Materials
Silver Plate
Silver plated Art Deco Mandalan evening handbag. 1920 - 1930
Located in CADALSO, ES
The item are in a very, very good condition. The close are silver plated. The little colours
Category
Vintage 1920s German Art Deco Collectible Jewelry
Materials
Silver Plate, Enamel
Art Deco WMF Silver-Plated and Glass Cocktail Shaker
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in Waddinxveen, ZH
This chic bar accessory is made by the renowned manufacturer WMF. The shaker is in a very good condition. The shaker has a removable cap and strainer. It is marked underside the cap ...
Category
Vintage 1950s German Art Deco Sheffield and Silverplate
Materials
Silver Plate
Art Deco Vintage German Glass Beads, Art 2427E Earrings
By Aracheli Studio
Located in Monrovia, CA
vintage German glass beads that are framed with 24K gold. The beads were hand-pressed during the 1920s
Category
21st Century and Contemporary American Art Deco Dangle Earrings
Materials
Gold, 14k Gold, 24k Gold, Gold-filled, Gold Plate, Base Metal, Brass
Art Deco Vintage German Glass Beads, Art 2422E Earrings
By Aracheli Studio
Located in Monrovia, CA
edge German vintage glass Bead
24K anti-tarnish gold-plated brass metals
14K gold-filled finding and
Category
21st Century and Contemporary American Art Deco Dangle Earrings
Materials
Gold, 14k Gold, 24k Gold, Gold-filled, Gold Plate, Base Metal, Brass
Art Deco Round Center Table, Walnut Veneer, Crome Plated Steel, Customizable
By GMD Berlin
Located in Berlin, DE
Art Deco round center table made of walnut veneered wood and chrome plated tubular steel
Category
2010s German Art Deco Center Tables
Materials
Chrome
Pair of German WMF Art Deco Three-Arm Candle Holders
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in Barntrup, DE
A pair of German WMF Art Deco three-arm candle holders.
An elegant pair of Art Deco nickel-plated
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Candlesticks
Materials
Brass, Nickel
WMF Art Deco Silver Plate Martini Cocktail Shaker, circa 1930
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in Atlanta, GA
This fabulous Art Deco silver plate cylindrical cocktail or Martini shaker was crafted by
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Barware
Materials
Silver Plate
Executive Waterfall Metal Desk in Art Deco, Streamline Design, Germany, 2015
By GMD Berlin
Located in Berlin, DE
Executive waterfall metal desk in Art Deco, Streamline Design, Germany, 2015.
Category
2010s German Art Deco Desks and Writing Tables
Materials
Metal
H 29.93 in W 78.75 in D 31.5 in
Executive Waterfall Metal Desk in Art Deco - Streamline Design, Germany, 2015
By GMD Berlin
Located in Berlin, DE
Executive waterfall metal desk in Art Deco - Streamline Design. High quality Metal construction
Category
2010s German Art Deco Desks and Writing Tables
Materials
Metal
H 29.93 in W 78.75 in D 31.5 in
Art Deco Silver Plate Metal Serving Tray and Dishes by Quist
By Quist Silver Company
Located in Atlanta, GA
Silversmith Quist designed this beautiful Art Deco barware service for cocktails or appetizers. The
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Centerpieces
Materials
Crystal, Silver Plate
Vintage German Glass Beads Art Deco 2212 earrings
By Aracheli Studio
Located in Monrovia, CA
stock vintage German glass beads that are framed with 24K gold. The beads were hand pressed during the
Category
2010s American Art Deco Drop Earrings
Materials
Gold, 14k Gold, 24k Gold, Gold-filled, Gold Plate, Base Metal, Brass
German 1935 Bauhaus Art Deco Bartender Mechanical Cigarette Dispenser Box
By Bauhaus
Located in Miami, FL
in Germany during the art deco period, back in the 1935. This is a rare barman mechanical cigarettes
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Decorative Boxes
Materials
Brass, Steel
H 10.5 in W 3.75 in D 3.75 in
Pair of WMF Silver Plated Candlesticks, circa 1930, Art Deco Period.
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in Saint-Ouen, FR
Pair of WMF silver plated candlesticks, circa 1930, Art Deco period.
Pair of WMF Art Deco silver
Category
20th Century German Art Deco Candlesticks
Materials
Silver Plate
Art Déco Wine Cooler. Silvered, stamped. F.W.Quist, Germany 1920s.
By F. W. Quist
Located in Köln, NW
Rare beautifully shaped Art Déco wine cooler by F.W.Quist, Esslingen Germany 1920s.
The octagonal
Category
Vintage 1920s German Art Deco Wine Coolers
Materials
Metal, Silver Plate
WMF 'Würtemburgische Metallwaren Fabrik' Art Deco Silver Plated Sugar Bowl & Jug
By WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik
Located in Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire
Stylish WMF (Würtemburgische Metallwaren Fabrik) Art Deco silver plated sugar bowl and cream jug
Category
Vintage 1930s German Art Deco Serving Pieces
Materials
Silver Plate
H 1.97 in Dm 2.96 in
Art Deco Style Yellow Gold Plated Link Bracelet with Green Quartzes
By Polya Medvedeva Jewellery
Located in Berlin, DE
This stunning Art Deco-style link bracelet, designed by Berlin-based oil painter Polya Medvedeva
Category
21st Century and Contemporary German Art Deco Link Bracelets
Materials
Amethyst, Quartz, Silver, Sterling Silver, Gold Plate, Yellow Gold
- 1
- ...
Get Updated with New Arrivals
Save "Art Deco Plate Germany", and we’ll notify you when there are new listings in this category.
Art Deco Plate Germany For Sale on 1stDibs
With a vast inventory of beautiful furniture at 1stDibs, we’ve got just the art deco plate Germany you’re looking for. Frequently made of metal, silver and silver plate, every art deco plate Germany was constructed with great care. If you’re shopping for an art deco plate Germany, we have 199 options in-stock, while there are 7 modern editions to choose from as well. You’ve searched high and low for the perfect art deco plate Germany — we have versions that date back to the 19th Century alongside those produced as recently as the 21st Century are available. An art deco plate Germany, designed in the Art Deco, Art Nouveau or Mid-Century Modern style, is generally a popular piece of furniture. A well-made art deco plate Germany has long been a part of the offerings for many furniture designers and manufacturers, but those produced by WMF Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik, GMD Berlin and Erté are consistently popular.
How Much is a Art Deco Plate Germany?
An art deco plate Germany can differ in price owing to various characteristics — the average selling price 1stDibs is $875, while the lowest priced sells for $50 and the highest can go for as much as $32,500.
A Close Look at Art-deco Jewelry
Fascination with the Jazz Age is endless, and even today jewelry designers continue to be inspired by authentic Art Deco jewelry and watches.
The Art Deco period, encompassing the 1920s and ’30s, ushered in a very distinct look in the design of jewelry. There were many influences on the jewelry of the era that actually began to take shape prior to the 1920s. In 1909, Serge Diaghilev brought the Ballet Russes to Paris, and women went wild for the company’s exotic and vibrant costumes It’s no wonder, then, that jade, lapis lazuli, coral, turquoise and other bright gemstones became all the rage. There already existed a fascination with the East, particularly China and Japan, and motifs consisting of fans and masks started to show up in Art Deco jewelry.
However, the event that had the greatest influence on Deco was the excavation of the tomb of King Tut in 1922. When the world saw what was hidden in Tut’s burial chamber, it sent just about everyone into a frenzy. Pierre Cartier wrote in 1923 that “the discovery of the tomb will bring some sweeping changes in fashion jewelry.” And he couldn’t have been more right. “Egyptomania” left an indelible mark on all of the major jewelry houses, from Cartier to Van Cleef & Arpels, Boucheron and Georges Fouquet. (Cartier created some of the most iconic jewelry designs that defined this era.)
While a lot of Art Deco jewelry was black and white — the black coming from the use of onyx or black enamel and the white from rock crystal and diamonds — there is plenty of color in jewelry of the era. A perfect accent to diamonds in platinum settings were blue sapphires, emeralds and rubies, and these stones were also used in combination with each other.
Many designers employed coral, jade and lapis lazuli, too. In fact, some of the most important avant-garde jewelers of the period, like Jean Després and Jean Fouquet (son of Georges), would combine white gold with ebony and malachite for a jolt of color.
A lot of the jewelry produced during this time nodded to current fashion trends, and women often accessorized their accessories. The cloche hat was often accented with geometric diamond brooches or double-clip brooches. Backless evening dresses looked fabulous with sautoir necklaces, and long pearl necklaces that ended with tassels, popular during the Edwardian period, were favored by women everywhere, including Coco Chanel.
Find unique Art Deco necklaces, earrings, bracelets and other jewelry on 1stDibs.
Read More
This Onyx, Diamond and Sapphire Ring Is an Art Deco Stunner
The exquisite French jewel feels as modern today as when it was created, nearly a century ago.
Eileen Gray’s Famed Cliffside Villa in the South of France Is Returned to Its Modernist Glory
After years of diligent restoration, E-1027, the designer-cum-architect’s marriage of romance and modernism, is finally complete.
A 1920s Art Deco Necklace with a Stunning Drop Emerald
The cabochon gem centerpiece and diamond-set elliptical rings makes it a marvel of Gatsby-era glamour.
Cartier: The Jeweler Who Helped Define Art Deco
Cartier created some of the most iconic jewelry designs that defined this era.
Our Guide to Victorian, Edwardian and Art Deco Engagement Rings
Learn about these antique jewelry styles, then choose a design that speaks to you.
Why Vintage Watches Are Making a Comeback
Men, women and the watchmakers themselves are falling for the old-fashioned charm of retro timepieces.
The Process: 5 Creators of Chic Customizable Lighting
Bespoke lighting is a hallmark of upscale interiors, and contemporary makers are increasingly ambitious in their materials and forms.
An Incomparable Trove of Art Deco Treasures Is on View in Miami Beach
Heading to Florida for the art and design fairs in early December? Make time on your schedule to visit a newly opened exhibition that examines the movement's migration from Europe to America, and its evolution from niche to universal appeal.