1870s Art

Masterful Scottish watercolor landscape of Loch Tay with boats and small figures on the short by Aaron Edwin Penley (English, 1826-1897)....

Drypoint etching rawing of a coastal scene with figures drawing a net or boat form the sea by Sir Francis (Frank) Job Short (British, 1857 - 1945) Sir Frank Short, Royal Academy*, was a printmaker and teacher of printmaking. He revived the practices of mezzotint* and aquatint* engraving, and also wrote about printmaking to educate a wider public. Signed "Frank Short" lower right with monogram in the print "S within a shield" Titled lower left "Rough Weather at Blatchington" Lower left "Trial Proof" Image, 8.5"H x 10.88"W Mat, 16"H x 20"W x 0.13 Professionally cleaned and ph nuetral washed by our paper conservator. (new images posting) Francis Job Short was born on 19 June 1857 in Britain, at Stourbridge, Worcestershire. He was educated to be a civil engineer. He was engaged on various works in the Midlands until 1881, when he came to London as assistant to Mr Baldwin Latham in connection with the Parliamentary Inquiry into the pollution of the river Thames. In 1883 he was elected an associate member of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Having worked at the Stourbridge School of Art in his early years he joined the South Kensington School of Art*, in 1883. He also worked at the life class under Professor Fred...

Lithograph hand watercolored. Plate from "Atlante di Botanica popolare ossia Illustrazione di Piante Notevoli di ogni famiglia" (Atlas of popular botany or illustration of notable p...

Lithograph hand watercolored. Plate from "Atlante di Botanica popolare ossia Illustrazione di Piante Notevoli di ogni famiglia" (Atlas of popular botany or illustration of notable p...

Lithograph hand watercolored. Plate from "Atlante di Botanica popolare ossia Illustrazione di Piante Notevoli di ogni famiglia" (Atlas of popular botany or illustration of notable p...

Lithograph hand watercolored. Plate from "Atlante di Botanica popolare ossia Illustrazione di Piante Notevoli di ogni famiglia" (Atlas of popular botany or illustration of notable p...

Louis-Eugène Lambert (1825-1900) La Montagne qui accouche d'une souris (The Mountain and the mouse) Pen and black ink, ink wash on paper Signed lower ...

Cigale (Cicada) by Albert-Ernest CARRIER-BELLEUSE (1824-1887) Bronze sculpture with nuanced dark brown patina signed "A. Carrier-Belleuse" old edition cast France circa 1870 heigh...

Lithograph hand watercolored. Belongs to the Series "Atlante di Botanica popolare ossia Illustrazione di Piante Notevoli di ogni famiglia" (Atlas of popular botany or illustration o...

Sanford Robinson Gifford A Sketch of Clay Bluffs on No Man’s Land, South of Martha's Vineyard, 1877 Stamp on verso of canvas: S. R. Gifford [estate] Sale Typed label on upper stretch...

Artist: Daniel Giraud Elliot (American, 1835-1915) Title: "Felis Rubiginosa (Rusty-Spotted Cat)" (Plate: XXIX - 29) Portfolio: A Monograph of the Felidae or...

Scene on the Nihonbashi Bridge is an artwork realized in 1875 by Utagawa Yoshitora. Woodcut print triptych. Signed: Mosai ga. Publisher: Sawamuraya...

Original stone lithograph with hand-coloring from "Birds of North America." First Octavo Edition, by John James Audubon. Plate 383. Philadelphia, J.T. Bowen, ca. 1839-44.

Marcantonio Raimondi, After by Amand Durand, Italian (1480 - 1534) - Venus apparaissant a Enee, Year: 1875, Medium: Heliogravure, Size: 8 x 5 in. (20.32 x 12.7 cm), Printer: Amand...

Signed impressionist landscape oil on panel circa 1872 by French painter Stanislas Victor Edouard Lepine. The piece depicts a view of La Maison Blanche in Bas Meudon, France. Signature: Signed lower right Dimensions: Framed: 13"x16" Unframed: 6"x9" Provenance: Galerie Bonnemaison, Paris. Their sale; Hôtel Drouot, Paris, 29 April 1896, lot 39. Galerie Durand-Ruel, Paris. Van Harwingen, Paris. E.J. van Wisselingh & Co., Amsterdam. H.J. Ten Cate, The Hague. Arnold Cohen, Paris. Arthur Tooth & Sons Ltd., London. MacConnal-Mason Gallery, London. Private collection, USA, by 1999. Anonymous sale; Christie's, New York East, 2 November 1999, lot 54. Literature: R. & M. Schmit, Stanislas Lépine 1835-1892, Catalogue Raisonné de l'oeuvre peint, Paris, 1993, p. 224, no. 565, illustrated. EXHIBITED Paris, Galerie Rosenberg, Lépine, 1906, no. 19. Stanislas Victor Édouard Lépine was the pupil of Corot in Paris between 1860 and 1875. His first paintings hardly attracted attention. He would perhaps have remained unknown for a long time if Count Armand Doria, struck by the feeling visible in his landscapes, had not taken him under his protection with Adolphe Félix Cals...

Original stone lithograph with hand-coloring from "Birds of North America." First Octavo Edition, by John James Audubon. Plate 383. Philadelphia, J.T. Bowen, ca. 1839-44.

Provenance Collection of Mrs. Victor R. Bieber, Gwynedd, Pennsylvania Born in Ohio, Worthington Thomas Whittredge began his career as a sign and portrait painter in Cincinnati, wher...

Disparate de Carnaval - from Los Proverbios is an original black and white etching realized by Francisco Goya (1746-1828). The artwork is the plate n. ...

An expatriate painter, noted for figurative paintings of peasants as well as classical works, Biblical scenes, mythological subjects, and still lifes, William Babcock was born in Bos...

Fine painting by renowned and award-winning Scottish artist Duncan Cameron of his favorite subject, the haystacks in autumn with the scenic Scottish cou...

Francisco de Goya, After by Amand Durand, Spanish (1746 - 1828) - Le Supplice du Garrot, Year: 1875, Medium: Heliogravure, Size: 12.5 x 8.5 in. (31.75 x 21.59 cm), Printer: Amand Durand, Description: An Amand Durand etching...

Short-Eared Owl is a modern artwork realized in 1870 by the British artist Alexander Francis Lydon (1836-1917) . Woodcut print, hand colored, published by London, Bell & Sons, 1870...

"Fast Trotting in the West (Milwaukee Race)" is an original hand-colored lithograph published by Currier & Ives. It depicts two horses pulling racing carts. The text below the picture reads "Fast Trotting in the West...Lucy and Goldsmith Maid...trotting their closely contested race over the cold spring course Milwaukee, Wis. Sept. 6th 1871...Where Goldsmith Maid won the 2nd heat in 2:17!! The fastest Mile heat in harness on record. Purse $4000 $2500 to 1st $1500 to 2nd horse____ 8 in. in harness. TIME 2:20 1/2 2:17 2:20" 16 3/4" x 26" image 22" x 27 3/4" paper 35 3/4" x 41 7/8" frame Currier & Ives produced their prints in a building at 33 Spruce Street where they occupied the third, fourth and fifth floors. The third floor was devoted to the hand operated printing presses that were built by Nat's cousin, Cyrus Currier, at his shop Cyrus Currier & Sons in Newark, NJ. The fourth floor found the artists, lithographers and the stone grinders...

La Fête Nationale du Boulevard Clichy Etching, drypoint, and aquatint, 1878 Signed lower left in the plate (see photo) Printed chine collee, mounted on white wove paper Upper plate m...

Fine late 19th C oil painting on cradled wood panel by George Washington Nicholson. The painting is in very good cleaned condition and shows Surfmen rescuing a ship in distress. This...

Whistler, James A. M. NOCTURNE: PALACES. Glascow 200, Kennedy 202. Etching and drypoint with platetone, 1879-80. From the Second Venice Set. Signed on the tab with the butterfly in pencil. Printed in sepia on laid paper with no visible watermark. Trimmed just outside the platemark, leaving the tab. In excellent condition. As with all of the Whistler Nocturnes, each impressions of this print is different, dependng on how Whistler wiped and manipulated the platetone. 11 5/8 x 7 7/8 inches (plate and sheet, plus the tab). Framed to 20 x 16 inches. Provenance: Collection of Thomas Jefferson Coolidge, Jr. with his collection stamp (Lugt 1429) verso; Kennedy Galleries, with its inventory number a65609 in pencil verso, and with another inscription, "FWCX" in pencil, verso. Thomas Jefferson Coolidge, 1831-1920, was a great-grandson of Thomas Jefferson, a powerful Boston businessman, and an Ambassador to France. In 1875 he became the manager of the largest textile mill in America, the Amoskeag Mill in Manchester New Hampshire, and had major financial interests in the textile, banking, railroad, publishing and electrical industries. In 1880 he became the President of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway. He was one of the founders of the United Fruit Company...

Antique American school dog portrait oil painting. Oil on board. Framed. Image size, 9L x 9H.

Eagle Owl is a modern artwork realized in 1870 by the British artist Alexander Francis Lydon (1836-1917) . Woodcut print, hand colored, published by London...

Medium: original etching. Printed in 1875 on thin japon paper at the Alfred Salmon Imprimerie and published in Paris by L'Art. Plate size: 8 1/2 x 11 inches (215 x 280 mm). Attached ...

Tengmalm's Owl is a modern artwork realized in 1870 by the British artist Alexander Francis Lydon (1836-1917). Woodcut print on ivory-colored paper. Hand-colored, published by Lond...

Cave Rue de l'Enfer is an original Etching realized by Augustin André Lançon in 1871. Rare etching belonging to the suite "Guerre de 1870 et Siège de Paris". Very good Conditions. ...

SALE ONE WEEK ONLY “Benedicte Olrik” is the portrait of Benedicte Olrik the 18 year-old daughter of another famous artist, Ole Henrik Benedictus Olrik (1830 – 1890) and future wife ...

Pierre Edouard FRERE Paris, 1819 - Ecouen, 1886 Oil on paper on canvas Signed lower left "Ed. Fr" 24.5 x 33 cm (32 x 39 cm with the frame) Beautiful 19th century frame with canes and...

Eugene Boudin (French 1824-1898) Scene de plage. Berck Circa 1870 Fishermen and boats on the shore. Inscribed 'Berck' LL. with the Trustee's stamp “E.B” LR Medium: pen, ink and wat...

Medium: etching (etched by Theophile Narcisse Chauvel after the Jacomin painting). This impression on laid paper was printed by Francois Lienard in 1875 and published in Paris for L'...

I’m selling this Beautiful Luminst Sunrise painting by Edward Moran (1829-1901) , a famous American Marine Hudson River painter and artist The Luminescent Glow from the rising sun i...

Andalusian Quail is a modern artwork realized in 1870 by the British artist Alexander Francis Lydon (1836-1917). Woodcut print on ivory-colored paper. Hand-colored, published by Lo...

Venice is an original artwork realized in the 1870s by Friedrich Paul Nerly (1842-1919). Watercolor. Hand signed on the lower right margin. Includes a beautiful gilded frame.

Keying Up - The Court Jester Etching with drypoint, 1879 Signed in the plate lower left corner (see photos) Proof before engraved title and engraved names Printed on thin light golden Japanese tissue paper In the final state, with engraved titled and typeface engraved artist’s signature below the image Condition: excellent Plate size: 6-5/8 x 4-1/4" According to Pisano, this image was very popular during Chase’s life. It is based on his famous painting, Keying Up-The Court Jester, in the collection of the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. The painting was created in Munich during the artist’s studies there. It was exhibited in the 1876 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia where it won a Medal of Honor and helped establish the artist’s reputation as a leading American painter. Chase, always conscious of self promotion, created the etching and had numerous impressions printed. He sold them for a modest price to increase his fame. The etching was later published in Sylvester R. Koehler, American Art Review, September 1878. It was for this American Art Review printing that the engraved titled and type face signature below the image were added to the plate. This example was part of a group of impressions that came down in the Chase family via his daughter Dorothy Bremond Chase, his third daughter. They were acquired at auction in a single auction lot, housed in a paper board folder. The consignor was Associated American Artist’s as they were liquidating their stock prior to closing the gallery. Dorothy was the subject of Chase’s painting, My Little Daughter Dorothy. C. 1894, in the collection of the Detroit Institute of Arts as well as numerous other portraits of her. Reference: Pisano/Bake, Volume 1, Pr. 3, illustrates the rare 1st state, this being a 2nd state before any other the engraved title and Chase's name in the bottom margin which are found in the third state. Artist bio in file (Chase) In 1883 Chase was involved in the organization of an exhibition to help raise funds for a pedestal for the Statute of Liberty. The exhibition featured loans of three works by Manet and urban scenes by the Italian Impressionist Giuseppe de Nittis. Both artists influenced Chase's Impressionistic style that gave rise to a series of New York park scenes. It is also thought that he was influenced by John Singer Sargent's In the Luxembourg Gardens (1879) which was exhibited in New York at this time. Indeed, Chase had met Sargent in Europe in 1881, the two men becoming lifelong friends with Sargent painting Chase's portrait in 1902. On another European trip in 1885, Chase met James McNeill Whistler in London. While Whistler had a reputation for being difficult, the two artists got along famously and agreed to paint one another's portrait. Eventually, however, Whistler's moods began to grate with Chase who wrote home stating "I really begin to feel that I never will get away from here". For his part, Whistler criticized Chase's finished portrait and, according to Hirshler, "complained about Chase for the rest of his life". While no record exists of Whistler's portrait of Chase; Chase's portrait of Whistler remains a well-known piece in his oeuvre. In 1887 Chase married Alice Gerson, the daughter of the manager of a lithography company. Though some fifteen years his junior (Chase was 37), he had known Alice for some time through her family's devotion to the arts. The pair, who would enjoy a happy marriage with Alice in full support of her husband's career, settled initially in Brooklyn where their first child was born. The couple would parent six daughters and two sons and it was only his family that could rival his devotion to his art. Indeed, Chase often combined his two loves by painting several portraits of his wife and children in Brooklyn parks before the couple relocated to Manhattan. Later Period Between 1891 and 1902, Chase and his family spent their summers at a purpose-built home and studio in Shinnecock Hills, a close suburb of the upmarket town of Southampton on the south shore of Long Island (roughly 100 miles east of New York). Chase set up, and taught two days a week, at the nearby Shinnecock Hills Summer School of Art which benefitted from the financial backing of local art collectors. It was at Shinnecock that Chase, taken in by the region's striking natural surroundings, painted several Impressionistic landscapes. As Bettis put it, "There, among the dunes, in the bright sunlight and sea air his painterly impulse was given free sway, and he produced some of his freest and loveliest work". His passion for the area was so felt he even gave his daughter Hazel the middle name of Neamaug, in honor of the rich Native American history of Shinnecock. Chase was equally focused on the students that came to the School and who he encouraged to paint in the modern plein air style favored by the French Impressionists. Although Chase was making a name for himself as an Impressionist, he never abandoned his commitment to the sombre tones and academic tropes he had learned in Munich, though these he reserved for his portraits, and for his series of striking still lifes featuring dead fish. Chase was in fact a successful society portraitist - he painted fashionable women for a fee of $2,000 - and would paint his students as "samples" which he then donated to leading art institutions (such as Lady in Black (1888) which he donated to the Metropolitan Museum in 1891). In 1896, facing financial difficulties, Chase flirted with the idea of giving up his teaching in New York and traveled with his family to Madrid where he developed a passion for bullfighting. Chase returned however to Shinnecock in June to teach his yearly summer art class, and in the fall of that year, established his own art school in Manhattan: the Chase School which was modelled on the Académie Julian in Paris. Chase lacked business savvy, however, and the Chase School lasted only two years before it was placed under new management. It continued as the New York School of Art (changed to Parsons School of Design starting 1941) with Chase as head the School for eleven more years. Chase also taught during this period at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. In 1902, following the premature death of his friend John Twachtman, Chase was invited to join the Ten American Painters group (who included amongst its members, Frank Weston Benson, Thomas Wilmer Dewing...

Marcantonio Raimondi, After by Amand Durand, Italian (1480 - 1534) - Mars Venus et l'amour, Year: 1875, Medium: Heliogravure, Size: 12 x 8.5 in. (30.48 x 21.59 cm), Printer: Amand...

Horseman is an original etching artwork on paper realized in 1875 by Alphonse Edouard Enguérand Aufray de Roc'Bhian (French, Paris 1833– 1887). Signed on the plate on the lower of t...

Italian. 1871. paper, mixed media, 20.5x15 cm

Eastman Johnson Adelaide, circa 1870-79 Signed with initials lower right; titled on the reverse Oil on board 19 x 15 inches For many years the foremost genre painter in the United ...

In this enchanting painting by Adolf Gudfast (Gotthard) Werner, entitled "The Broken Dream", a young shepherd rests melancholically beside his faithful dog, facing a broken vase from...

P Deltour (?) French school of the 19th century The artist with his model and friend in his workshop Oil on canvas Signed "P Deltour" (?) and dated 1879 on the lower, an indistinct i...

Leonardo da Vinci, After by Amand Durand, Italian (1452 - 1519) - Quatre Etudes pour une Figure Equestre, Year: circa 1878, Medium: Heliogravure, Size: 11.75 x 8.5 in. (29.85 x 21...

Medium: etching (after the painting). Etched by a French engraver after the Corot painting. Published in Paris in 1873 by the Galerie Durand-Ruel for the rare "Recueil D'Estampes Gra...

A fine pastoral landscape by Irish artist Edward B. Gay (1837-1928). Gay was born in Dublin, Ireland, and emigrated with his to Albany, NY at a very young age as a result of the pota...

Marco Dente, After by Amand Durand, Italian (1493 - 1527) - La Vierge au Poisson (d'apres Raphael), Year: circa 1878, Medium: Heliogravure, Image Size: 10...

A black and white spaniel standing on a yellow silk damask covered day-bed in a sumptuous interior. Provenance: With Arthur Ackermann & Son Ltd., London. Anonymous sale; Christie's, South Kensington, 15 May 2007, lot 284 Private collection, London Samuel John Carter...

This is an etched rendition of a painting by Frank Dicksee. Harmony is one of the most well-known pictures by Dicksee, depicting a young man staring adoringly into the eyes of a girl...

Pierre-Georges Jeanniot (1848–1934) Portrait of Henri Rochefort ready for a duel, Pencil on paper Signed and titled lower left 28 x 21 cm In good condition : the left and right borders irregularly cut In a modern cardboard mount : 45.5 x 35 cm Henri Rochefort, whose complete name was Victor Henri de Rochefort-Luçay , was born in Paris on January 31 , 1831, he died in Aix-les-Bains on 1 st July 1913. He was a french journalist , playwright and politician A great polemicist in the pages of his newspapers ( La Lanterne , La Marseillaise , L'Intransigeant), he defended radical and even extremist political options (anticlerical , nationalist , favorable to the Commune , Boulangist , socialist and anti-Dreyfusard ) which earned him the nickname of "The man with twenty duels and thirty trials », And convictions, in particular in the prison of Noumea from which, unique fact, he managed to escape in 1874. Pierre-Georges Jeanniot (1848–1934) was a Swiss-French Impressionist painter, designer, watercolorist, and engraver who was born in Geneva, Switzerland, and died in France. His work often depicts the modern life in Paris. He started out pursuing a military career, as an infantry officer (1866–1881). He was a lieutenant with the Twenty-third Infantry from 1868 to 1870. He fought in the Franco-Prussian War, was wounded at Rezonville, and was awarded the Légion d'Honneur. He subsequently served with the Ninety-fourth Infantry and the Seventy-third Infantry. At the time he left the army he held the rank of major, with the Chasseurs à Pieds. He never ceased drawing. He was known for the first time in 1872 at the art exhibition Salon de Paris, where he presented a watercolor painting called Intérieur de forêt. The next year he presented the painting Le Vernan à Nass-sous-Sainte-Anne. From then on he was a regular contributor to the Salon de Paris, where he presented new works with views of Toulouse, Paris, Troyes, the edges of the Seine, and some portraits. In 1881, after the army offered him the rank of commandant, he resigned to devote himself exclusively to painting. He took up residence in Paris. His works from this period represent mainly scenes of military life that allowed him to forge a reputation. Jeanniot established himself permanently in 1882 and obtained his first award the following year (medal third class of the Salon de Paris) with his les Flanqueurs (1883, Musée du Luxembourg). In 1886, La ligne de feu, souvenirs de la bataille de Rezonville, remembering the Battle of Mars-La-Tour (Museum of Pau), assured his notoriety. From then on, he started to show a certain artistic independence. He then mostly portrayed Parisian women during the "Belle Epoque", women in bathing suits...

"The Celebrated Clipper Ship Dreadnought" is an original hand-colored lithograph by Currier & Ives. It depicts a sailing ship. 13 1/4" x 17 1/2" art 19" x 23 1/2" frame Nathaniel Currier was a tall introspective man with a melancholy nature. He could captivate people with his piercing stare or charm them with his sparkling blue eyes. Nathaniel was born in Roxbury, Massachusetts on March 27th, 1813, the second of four children. His parents, Nathaniel and Hannah Currier, were distant cousins who lived a humble yet spartan life. When Nathaniel was eight years old, tragedy struck. Nathaniel’s father unexpectedly passed away leaving Nathaniel and his eleven-year-old brother Lorenzo to provide for the family. In addition to their mother, Nathaniel and Lorenzo had to care for six-year-old sister Elizabeth and two-year-old brother Charles. Nathaniel worked a series of odd jobs to support the family, and at fifteen, he started what would become a life-long career when he apprenticed in the Boston lithography shop of William and John Pendleton. A Bavarian gentleman named Alois Senefelder invented lithography just 30 years prior to young Nat Currier’s apprenticeship. While under the employ of the brothers Pendleton, Nat was taught the art of lithography by the firm’s chief printer, a French national named Dubois, who brought the lithography trade to America. Lithography involves grinding a piece of limestone flat and smooth then drawing in mirror image on the stone with a special grease pencil. After the image is completed, the stone is etched with a solution of aqua fortis leaving the greased areas in slight relief. Water is then used to wet the stone and greased-ink is rolled onto the raised areas. Since grease and water do not mix, the greased-ink is repelled by the moisture on the stone and clings to the original grease pencil lines. The stone is then placed in a press and used as a printing block to impart black on white images to paper. In 1833, now twenty-years old and an accomplished lithographer, Nat Currier left Boston and moved to Philadelphia to do contract work for M.E.D. Brown, a noted engraver and printer. With the promise of good money, Currier hired on to help Brown prepare lithographic stones of scientific images for the American Journal of Sciences and Arts. When Nat completed the contract work in 1834, he traveled to New York City to work once again for his mentor John Pendleton, who was now operating his own shop located at 137 Broadway. Soon after the reunion, Pendleton expressed an interest in returning to Boston and offered to sell his print shop to Currier. Young Nat did not have the financial resources to buy the shop, but being the resourceful type he found another local printer by the name of Stodart. Together they bought Pendleton’s business. The firm ‘Currier & Stodart’ specialized in "job" printing. They produced many different types of printed items, most notably music manuscripts for local publishers. By 1835, Stodart was frustrated that the business was not making enough money and he ended the partnership, taking his investment with him. With little more than some lithographic stones, and a talent for his trade, twenty-two year old Nat Currier set up shop in a temporary office at 1 Wall Street in New York City. He named his new enterprise ‘N. Currier, Lithographer’ Nathaniel continued as a job printer and duplicated everything from music sheets to architectural plans. He experimented with portraits, disaster scenes and memorial prints, and any thing that he could sell to the public from tables in front of his shop. During 1835 he produced a disaster print Ruins of the Planter's Hotel, New Orleans, which fell at two O’clock on the Morning of the 15th of May 1835, burying 50 persons, 40 of whom Escaped with their Lives. The public had a thirst for newsworthy events, and newspapers of the day did not include pictures. By producing this print, Nat gave the public a new way to “see” the news. The print sold reasonably well, an important fact that was not lost on Currier. Nat met and married Eliza Farnsworth in 1840. He also produced a print that same year titled Awful Conflagration of the Steamboat Lexington in Long Island Sound on Monday Evening, January 18, 1840, by which melancholy occurrence over One Hundred Persons Perished. This print sold out very quickly, and Currier was approached by an enterprising publication who contracted him to print a single sheet addition of their paper, the New York Sun. This single page paper is presumed to be the first illustrated newspaper ever published. The success of the Lexington print launched his career nationally and put him in a position to finally lift his family up. In 1841, Nat and Eliza had their first child, a son they named Edward West Currier. That same year Nat hired his twenty-one year old brother Charles and taught him the lithography trade, he also hired his artistically inclined brother Lorenzo to travel out west and make sketches of the new frontier as material for future prints. Charles worked for the firm on and off over the years, and invented a new type of lithographic crayon which he patented and named the Crayola. Lorenzo continued selling sketches to Nat for the next few years. In 1843, Nat and Eliza had a daughter, Eliza West Currier, but tragedy struck in early 1847 when their young daughter died from a prolonged illness. Nat and Eliza were grief stricken, and Eliza, driven by despair, gave up on life and passed away just four months after her daughter’s death. The subject of Nat Currier’s artwork changed following the death of his wife and daughter, and he produced many memorial prints and sentimental prints during the late 1840s. The memorial prints generally depicted grief stricken families posed by gravestones (the stones were left blank so the purchasers could fill in the names of the dearly departed). The sentimental prints usually depicted idealized portraits of women and children, titled with popular Christian names of the day. Late in 1847, Nat Currier married Lura Ormsbee, a friend of the family. Lura was a self-sufficient woman, and she immediately set out to help Nat raise six-year-old Edward and get their house in order. In 1849, Lura delivered a son, Walter Black Currier, but fate dealt them a blow when young Walter died one year later. While Nat and Lura were grieving the loss of their new son, word came from San Francisco that Nat’s brother Lorenzo had also passed away from a brief illness. Nat sank deeper into his natural quiet melancholy. Friends stopped by to console the couple, and Lura began to set an extra place at their table for these unexpected guests. She continued this tradition throughout their lives. In 1852, Charles introduced a friend, James Merritt Ives, to Nat and suggested he hire him as a bookkeeper. Jim Ives was a native New Yorker born in 1824 and raised on the grounds of Bellevue Hospital where his father was employed as superintendent. Jim was a self-trained artist and professional bookkeeper. He was also a plump and jovial man, presenting the exact opposite image of his new boss. Jim Ives met Charles Currier through Caroline Clark, the object of Jim’s affection. Caroline’s sister Elizabeth was married to Charles, and Caroline was a close friend of the Currier family. Jim eventually proposed marriage to Caroline and solicited an introduction to Nat Currier, through Charles, in hopes of securing a more stable income to support his future wife. Ives quickly set out to improve and modernize his new employer’s bookkeeping methods. He reorganized the firm’s sizable inventory, and used his artistic skills to streamline the firm’s production methods. By 1857, Nathaniel had become so dependent on Jims’ skills and initiative that he offered him a full partnership in the firm and appointed him general manager. The two men chose the name ‘Currier & Ives’ for the new partnership, and became close friends. Currier & Ives produced their prints in a building at 33 Spruce Street where they occupied the third, fourth and fifth floors. The third floor was devoted to the hand operated printing presses that were built by Nat's cousin, Cyrus Currier, at his shop Cyrus Currier & Sons in Newark, NJ. The fourth floor found the artists, lithographers and the stone grinders at work. The fifth floor housed the coloring department, and was one of the earliest production lines in the country. The colorists were generally immigrant girls, mostly German, who came to America with some formal artistic training. Each colorist was responsible for adding a single color to a print. As a colorist finished applying their color, the print was passed down the line to the next colorist to add their color. The colorists worked from a master print displayed above their table, which showed where the proper colors were to be placed. At the end of the table was a touch up artist who checked the prints for quality, touching-in areas that may have been missed as it passed down the line. During the Civil War, demand for prints became so great that coloring stencils were developed to speed up production. Although most Currier & Ives prints were colored in house, some were sent out to contract artists. The rate Currier & Ives paid these artists for coloring work was one dollar per one hundred small folios (a penny a print) and one dollar per one dozen large folios. Currier & Ives also offered uncolored prints to dealers, with instructions (included on the price list) on how to 'prepare the prints for coloring.' In addition, schools could order uncolored prints from the firm’s catalogue to use in their painting classes. Nathaniel Currier and James Merritt Ives attracted a wide circle of friends during their years in business. Some of their more famous acquaintances included Horace Greeley, Phineas T. Barnum, and the outspoken abolitionists Rev. Henry Ward, and John Greenleaf Whittier (the latter being a cousin of Mr. Currier). Nat Currier and Jim Ives described their business as "Publishers of Cheap and Popular Pictures" and produced many categories of prints. These included Disaster Scenes, Sentimental Images, Sports, Humor, Hunting Scenes, Politics, Religion, City and Rural Scenes, Trains, Ships, Fire Fighters, Famous Race Horses, Historical Portraits, and just about any other topic that satisfied the general public's taste. In all, the firm produced in excess of 7500 different titles, totaling over one million prints produced from 1835 to 1907. Nat Currier retired in 1880, and signed over his share of the firm to his son Edward. Nat died eight years later at his summer home 'Lion’s Gate' in Amesbury, Massachusetts. Jim Ives remained active in the firm until his death in 1895, when his share of the firm passed to his eldest son, Chauncey. In 1902, faced will failing health from the ravages of Tuberculosis, Edward Currier sold his share of the firm to Chauncey Ives...

Jacopo de' Barbari, After by Amand Durand, Italian/Belgian (1450 - 1516) - Mars et Venus, Year: Printed 1878, Medium: Heliogravure, Image Size: 10.5 x 6.75 inches, Size: 11.5 x 7.5...

Marcantonio Raimondi, After by Amand Durand, Italian (1480 - 1534) - Jupiter embrassant l'Amour, Year: 1875, Medium: Heliogravure, Size: 13.5 x 8.5 in. (34.29 x 21.59 cm), Printer...

Edouard Manet, French, (1832-1883). GUERRE CIVILE (CIVIL WAR). Lithograph on chine colle, 1871-73. The second state of two. Printed and Published by Lermercier, Paris, 1874. 15 5/8 ...

Signed and dated lower left: "SW Griggs 73". In fine condition.

This beautiful oil on canvas painting of a Swiss Landscape is circa 1870 and is by the artist Eduard Boehm (1830 - 1890). Austrian landscape pain...

Antoine-Louis BARYE (1796-1875) Tiger surprising an antelope Bronze with nuanced dark greenish brown patina Signed on the base " Barye " Cast by Barye's own workshop (conducted in t...

Oil and tempera on cardboard attributed to William Dyce and realized in 1873. Hand titled and dated lower right. Includes a modern gilded wooden frame, cm. 23.5x32.5.